Quantitative measurement of magnetic parameters by electron magnetic chiral dichroism

Abstract

Electron magnetic circular dichroism opens a new door to explore magnetic properties by transmitted electrons in the transmission electron microscope. However, obtaining quantitative magnetic parameters, such as spin and orbital magnetic moment with element-specificity, goes a long way along with the development and improvement of this technique both in theoretical and experimental aspects. In this review, we will give a detailed description of the quantitative electron magnetic circular dichroism (EMCD) technique to measure magnetic parameters with spin-specificity, element-specificity, site-specificity, and orbital-spin-specificity. The discussion completely contains the procedures from raw experimental data acquisition to final magnetic parameters, together with the related custom code we have developed.

Elucidating Individual Magnetic Contributions in Bi‐Magnetic Fe3O4/Mn3O4 Core/Shell Nanoparticles by Polarized Powder Neutron Diffraction

“…However, magnetization measurements usually cannot discern between the different contributions of the diverse magnetic components, although in some cases, indirect information about the magnetic phases can be obtained using more advanced analyses like Henkel plots or first-order reversal curves. [14,17] To obtain some information about the contribution of each magnetic phase a number of techniques can be used, like neutron diffraction, [12,[18][19][20] X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD), and derived methods such as X-ray photoemission electron microscopy or X-ray microscopy, [21][22][23] small angle neutron scattering (SANS), [24][25][26] electron magnetic circular dichroism (e-MCD), [27,28] Mössbauer spectroscopy, [20,29,30] among others. Each of these methods has its advantages and drawbacks.…”

“…To obtain some information about the contribution of each magnetic phase a number of techniques can be used, like neutron diffraction, [ 12,18–20 ] X‐ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD), and derived methods such as X‐ray photoemission electron microscopy or X‐ray microscopy, [ 21–23 ] small angle neutron scattering (SANS), [ 24–26 ] electron magnetic circular dichroism (e‐MCD), [ 27,28 ] Mössbauer spectroscopy, [ 20,29,30 ] among others. Each of these methods has its advantages and drawbacks.…”