Objective: Inhalation of e-cigarettes aerosols (vaping) has the potential to disrupt pulmonary gas exchange, but the effects in asymptomatic users are unknown. We assessed ventilation-perfusion (V̇A/Q̇) mismatch in asymptomatic e-cigarette users, using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We hypothesized that vaping induces V̇A/Q̇ mismatch through alterations in both ventilation and perfusion distributions. Methods: Nine young, asymptomatic Vapers with a >1yr vaping history, and no history of cardiopulmonary disease, were imaged supine using proton MRI, to assess the right lung at baseline and immediately after vaping. Seven young Controls were imaged at baseline only. Relative dispersion (SD/Mean) was used to quantify the heterogeneity of the individual ventilation and perfusion distributions. V̇A/Q̇ mismatch was quantified using the second moments of the ventilation and perfusion vs. V̇A/Q̇ ratio distributions, log scale, LogSDV̇ and LogSDQ̇ respectively, analogous to the multiple inert gas elimination technique. Results: Spirometry was normal in both groups. Ventilation heterogeneity was similar between groups at baseline (Vapers: 0.43±0.13, Controls: 0.51±0.11, P=0.13) but increased after vaping (to 0.57±0.17, P=0.03). Perfusion heterogeneity was greater (P=0.04) in Vapers at baseline (0.53±0.06) compared to Controls (0.44±0.10) but decreased after vaping (to 0.42±0.07, P=0.005). Vapers had greater (P=0.01) V̇A/Q̇ mismatch at baseline compared to Controls (LogSDQ̇ = 0.61±0.12 vs. 0.43±0.12), which was increased after vaping (LogSDQ̇ = 0.73±0.16, P=0.03). Conclusion: V̇A/Q̇ mismatch is greater in Vapers and worsens after vaping. This suggests subclinical alterations in lung function not detected by spirometry.