Quantitative imaging of sleep behavior in Caenorhabditis elegans and larval Drosophila melanogaster

Churgin, Matthew A.; Szuperák, Milán; Davis, Kristen; Raizen, David M.; Fang-Yen, Christopher; Kayser, Matthew S.

doi:10.1038/s41596-019-0146-6

Cited by 19 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Images were analyzed using custom-written MATLAB software (see Churgin et al 2019 (51) and Szuperak et al 2018 (5)). Temporally adjacent images were subtracted to generate maps of pixel value intensity change.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental emergence of sleep rhythms enables long-term memory capabilities in Drosophila

Poe

Zhu

McClanahan

et al. 2022

Preprint

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In adulthood, sleep-wake rhythms are one of the most prominent behaviors under circadian control. However, during early life, sleep is spread across the 24-hour day. The mechanism through which sleep rhythms emerge, and the consequent advantage conferred to a juvenile animal, are unknown. In 2nd instar Drosophila larvae (L2), like human infants, sleep is not under circadian control. Here, we identify the precise developmental timepoint when the circadian clock begins to regulate sleep in Drosophila, leading to the emergence of sleep rhythms at the early 3rd instar stage (L3). At this stage, a cellular connection forms between DN1a clock neurons and arousal-promoting Dh44 neurons, bringing arousal under clock control to drive the emergence of circadian sleep. Finally, we demonstrate that L3 but not L2 larvae exhibit long-term memory (LTM) of an aversive cue, and that this LTM depends upon deep sleep generated once sleep rhythms begin. We propose that the developmental emergence of circadian sleep enables more complex cognitive processes, including the onset of enduring memories.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental emergence of sleep rhythms enables long-term memory capabilities in Drosophila

Poe

Zhu

McClanahan

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…Some animals may move just the nose while others may make dorso-ventral body bends resulting in translating the position of the worm ( Robinson et al 2019 ). Frame subtraction analysis, in which temporally adjacent video frames are digitally subtracted, has the advantage of higher throughput and of being fairly robust to lighting and animal contrast ( Raizen et al 2008 ; Zimmerman et al 2008 ; Donelson et al 2012 ; Nagy et al 2014 ; Huang et al 2017 ; Churgin et al 2019 ). However, as in the case nose tip tracking, frame subtraction analysis does not distinguish the type of movement the worm makes when active ( Robinson et al 2019 ).…”

Section: Methodological Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral States

2020

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“…Experiments were carried out as previously described (32,74). Briefly, to collect developmentally synchronized second instar larvae, adult flies were placed in an embryo collection chamber, kept at 12:12 LD and 25°C, and allowed to lay eggs on a petri dish containing 3% agar, 2% sucrose, and 2.5% apple juice with yeast paste on top for 24 hours.…”

Section: Larval Rearing and Sleep Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Timelapse images were acquired every 6 s with the software IC Capture (The Imaging Source). Images were analyzed using custom-written MATLAB software (74). The first hour of data acquisition was discarded to allow acclimation.…”

Section: Larval Rearing and Sleep Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

The CHD8/CHD7/Kismet family links blood-brain barrier glia and serotonin to ASD-associated sleep defects

et al. 2021

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Sleep disturbances in autism and neurodevelopmental disorders are common and adversely affect patient’s quality of life, yet the underlying mechanisms are understudied. We found that individuals with mutations in CHD8, among the highest-confidence autism risk genes, or CHD7 suffer from disturbed sleep maintenance. These defects are recapitulated in Drosophila mutants affecting kismet, the sole CHD8/CHD7 ortholog. We show that Kismet is required in glia for early developmental and adult sleep architecture. This role localizes to subperineurial glia constituting the blood-brain barrier. We demonstrate that Kismet-related sleep disturbances are caused by high serotonin during development, paralleling a well-established but genetically unsolved autism endophenotype. Despite their developmental origin, Kismet’s sleep architecture defects can be reversed in adulthood by a behavioral regime resembling human sleep restriction therapy. Our findings provide fundamental insights into glial regulation of sleep and propose a causal mechanistic link between the CHD8/CHD7/Kismet family, developmental hyperserotonemia, and autism-associated sleep disturbances.

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Quantitative imaging of sleep behavior in Caenorhabditis elegans and larval Drosophila melanogaster

Cited by 19 publications

References 64 publications

Developmental emergence of sleep rhythms enables long-term memory capabilities in Drosophila

Developmental emergence of sleep rhythms enables long-term memory capabilities in Drosophila

Behavioral States

The CHD8/CHD7/Kismet family links blood-brain barrier glia and serotonin to ASD-associated sleep defects

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