Quantitative Fiber Mixture Analysis by Scanning Electron Microscopy

Wortmann, Franz

doi:10.1177/004051759106100701

Cited by 27 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The surface morphology of Cashmere, extensively described in the literature [3][4][5][6] is shown in Figure 1. Cashmere fibres are even in diameter, cylindrical and the cuticle cells show distant and smooth margins, often so wide that they appear to entirely envelop the finer fibres.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mean cell frequency is 6-7 per 100 mm and the thickness of the cuticle cells at the distal edge is less than 0.5 mm. This parameter is regarded as the distinctive criterion for distinguishing Sheep's Wool from Cashmere and Mohair by SEM, 5,6 but not relevant for distinguishing one speciality fibre from another because they also have a cuticle scale thickness less than 0.5 mm.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) shows the fine structure of the cuticle cells at higher resolution. Identification criteria were extensively described in the technical literature by Wildman, Appleyard, Langley, Greaves et al for LM [1][2][3][4] and by Wortmann, Phan et al [5][6][7] for SEM; the operating procedure are standardized by AATCC TM 20-2007 8 and IWTO TM 58-00 9 respectively and, more recently, by the ISO 17751 based both on LM and SEM 10 but all microscopic methods are so much influenced by the operator's skill. Nevertheless, in order to improve objectivity, several chemical methods have been developed by Colleagues of many important institutions 11 based on the extraction and analysis of protein fractions, [12][13][14][15][16] of external and internal lipids, [17][18][19] of the DNA 20,21 and, more recently based on immunological reactions 22 and mass spectroscopy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Outstanding traits and thermal behaviour for the identification of speciality animal fibres

Vineis

Aluigi

Tonin

2010

Textile Research Journal

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The extra-fine, soft and warm fibres used by the textile industry for manufacturing high-quality, luxury textiles are obtained from the undercoat hair of several domestic mammals of the genera Capra, Bos, Camelus, and Lama. The demand for ‘speciality fibres’ by the fashion world represents an important opportunity for livelihoods, on condition that conservation of the wild species is preserved. Large scale trade of hair from wild goats hunted for meat or trophy and hybridisation of wild (Capra ibex) and domestic (Capra hircus) goats or wild Vicuna (Lama vicugna) and domestic Alpaca (Lama pacos), with the aim of improving fibre fineness and yield, would involve a risk of genetic pollution and would severely threaten conservation and biodiversity. This work describes fibre morphology and cell structure of fine fibres from the most important wild and domestic fibre producing species with the aim of enhancing traits for identification purposes. Microscopy investigation shows that exposure to thermal and nutritional stresses in the wild, lead to finer hair associated with lower rate of growth, yielding orientation and elongation of the cuticle cells. Differential scanning calorimetry reveals specie-specific differences in the internal structure of the fibre cortex, probably related to the process of hair keratinisation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Outstanding traits and thermal behaviour for the identification of speciality animal fibres

Vineis

Aluigi

Tonin

2010

Textile Research Journal

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“…For example, optical microscopy allows the internal structure of the fiber, such as pigmentation and medulla to be observed, [5][6] and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) shows the surface morphology and the fine structure and arrangement of the cuticle cells at high resolution. [7][8][9] These techniques are however expensive and cumbersome. Moreover, the identification can be subjective, depending to a large extent on the expertise of the operator.…”

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confidence: 99%

A UPLC/ESI–MS method for identifying wool, cashmere and yak fibres

Vineis

Tonetti

Paolella

et al. 2013

Textile Research Journal

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A new objective method has been developed for the identification of animal hair fibres, in particular wool, cashmere and yak. Enzymatic digestion of keratin extracted from these fibres and peptide analysis by ultra-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray–mass spectrometry (UPLC/ESI–MS) allows not only qualitative determination of the presence of fibres derived from these species but also a quantitative assessment of the relative percentages present in blends. Such an analysis will provide reliable objective data about the authenticity of commercial products. The effectiveness of the UPLC/ESI–MS method was assessed by analysing known samples of these fibres and confirmed using unknown wool/cashmere/yak blends, and the results were compared with those obtained by SEM method IWTO 58–00.

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“…

Wortmann and Phan have established statistical data for one kind of population, specifically &dquo;pure wool, cashmere, and mohair tops&dquo; [2] or perhaps yarns [4]. Such fibers have only started in the sequence of textile processes and have not been subjected to any of the normal textile chemical processes and certainly not the harsh recycling physical and chemical treatments.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%