Quantitative Evaluation of the Emissions of a Transport Engine Operating with Diesel-Biodiesel

Pérez, Armando; Matéos, David; García, Conrado; Caraveo, Camilo; Montero, Gisela; Coronado, Marcos A.; Valdez, Benjamín

doi:10.3390/en13143594

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…The emissions reported in this study were measured with approximately 5% ethanol content. In general, higher ethanol percentages or other alternative fuels result in lower emissions [33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41]. Even further reductions are expected with other combustion concepts [42] or hybridization [43].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inter-Comparison of Particle and Gaseous Pollutant Emissions of a Euro 4 Motorcycle at Two Laboratories

et al. 2021

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The Euro 4 regulation, applicable since 2016 for L-category vehicles (i.e., two and three-wheelers, and mini cars) reduced the emission limits, but also introduced a new cycle, the WMTC (World Harmonized Motorcycle Test Cycle). The emission studies of Euro 4 motorcycles are limited, and most importantly there are no published studies comparing the results of different laboratories applying the new cycle. In this study we compared the particle and gaseous pollutants of one Euro 4 motorcycle measured in two laboratories in 2017 and 2020. The gaseous pollutant results had a variance (one standard deviation of the means) of 0.5% for CO2, 4–19% for CO, NOx, HC (hydrocarbons) and SPN (Solid Particle Number). The particulate matter mass results had higher variance of 50–60%. Additional tests with open configuration to mimic dilution at the tailpipe gave equivalent results to the closed configuration for the gaseous pollutants and SPN. The total particles (including volatiles) had significant differences between the two configurations, with the closed configuration giving higher results. The main conclusion of this study is that the new procedures have very good reproducibility, even for the SPN that is not regulated for L-category vehicles. However, the measurement of total particles needs attention due to the high sensitivity of volatile particles to the sampling conditions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inter-Comparison of Particle and Gaseous Pollutant Emissions of a Euro 4 Motorcycle at Two Laboratories

et al. 2021

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“…Zhang et al [23] reported that BSFC increased up to 3.3% for B20 compared to diesel. Armando et al [24] showed lower NO and CO emissions than commercial diesel fuel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Theoretical and Experimental Analysis of Engine Performance and Emissions Fuelled with Jojoba Biodiesel

et al. 2022

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Over many decades, isolated regions (e.g., islands, rural and remote areas) have heavily relied on diesel engine for producing power and energy. However, due to depleting fossil fuels and concerning emissions, biodiesels could be the substitute for diesel in power generation sectors. This study developed a single-zone thermodynamic model to predict the engine performances such as brake power (BP), torque, brake thermal efficiency (BTE), brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC) and ignition delay (ID) times for diesel and jojoba biodiesel. The experiments were conducted on a fully automated, 4-cylinder, 4-stroke, liquid-cooled direct injection 3.7-L diesel engine fueled with diesel (D100) and three jojoba blends (JB5, JB10, and JB20) to validate the model. The performance simulation results agreed with experimental data for all tested fuels at 1200 to 2400 rpm speed and 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% loading operation. The minimum error (3.7%) was observed for BP for D100 at 2000 rpm and 100% load, and the maximum error (19.2%) was found for JB10 at 1200 rpm and 25% loading operation. As load increases from 25 to 100%, the BSFC and torque difference between diesel and JB20 decreases from 10 to 6.5 and 9 to 6%, respectively. A shorter ID time was observed in JB5 compared to JB10 and JB20. Furthermore, a significant reduction was observed in CO (7.55%) and HC (6.65%) emission for JB20 at 25% and 1200 rpm compared to diesel fuel; however, NOx emission was increased up to 10.25% under any given conditions.

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“…Research on biodiesel seems to be particularly important due to its newer applications, for example as a solubilizer in the mixture of ethanol and diesel fuel in self-ignition engines [22]. This allows the change of combustion technologies that have been tested to improve CO 2 emissions and improve NO x -Soot tradeoffs such as specific fuel design and a hollow cone fuel injection system [23,24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examination of Selected Physicochemical Properties of Biodiesel after Electron Beam Sterilization in Flow System

Grabowski

Jarosiński

2021

Energies

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The problem of microbial growth in fuels, especially biofuels, is a very important issue. Water is a necessity for microbial growth to occur. Unfortunately, it is very hard to exclude all water from fuel systems during daily operations, especially when biodiesel is added to the fuel mix. The aim of this work was to investigate the impact of ionizing radiation on selected properties of fatty acids methyl esters in order to evaluate the possibility of using irradiation techniques to sterilize biodiesel and its blends. Ionizing radiation influences the chemical composition of biodiesel samples containing especially unsaturated bonds. Irradiation was performed in a specially designed flow system. The tested parameters were compared with the normative values from the ISO 14214 standard. Density, kinematic viscosity, flash point, water content and cold filter plugging point as a macroscopic parameters do not change despite their irradiation with ionizing radiation. Change was observed in microscopic parameters as oxidation stability and esters content. During irradiation, Rapeseed Methyl Ester (RME) samples formed oxidation products, which lower the oxidative stability. It was observed that, for esters content, requirements of the standard could be met in the case of using very small doses. In the case of RME samples saturated with water, the changes in the ester concentration were smaller, but the resulting products decreased the oxidation stability. Sterilization fatty acids methyl esters (FAME) was observed with the use of e beam radiation is to apply very low doses (up to 2 kGy) in a flow system without adding water. Sterilization FAME saturated by water requires the use of higher doses of radiation, which adversely affects the oxidative stability.

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Quantitative Evaluation of the Emissions of a Transport Engine Operating with Diesel-Biodiesel

Cited by 4 publications

References 51 publications

Inter-Comparison of Particle and Gaseous Pollutant Emissions of a Euro 4 Motorcycle at Two Laboratories

Inter-Comparison of Particle and Gaseous Pollutant Emissions of a Euro 4 Motorcycle at Two Laboratories

Theoretical and Experimental Analysis of Engine Performance and Emissions Fuelled with Jojoba Biodiesel

Examination of Selected Physicochemical Properties of Biodiesel after Electron Beam Sterilization in Flow System

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