Quantitative evaluation of delamination of graphite by wet media milling

Damm, Cornelia; Nacken, Thomas J.

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2014.09.059

Cited by 75 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…It is used instead of the commonly used time and rotational speed for centrifugation to show clearly which particle sizes are separated from the product. Post-processing is a crucial step that deserves more attention, also compare Damm et al 17 and Nacken et al…”

Section: Delamination Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…17,18,37,38 In addition, AUC provides detailed insights into the sedimentation behaviour of the obtained platelet suspensions and allows the determination of lateral dimensions directly in solution, if the ake height is known.…”

Section: 28mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…the content, layer thickness and quality of the delaminated akes depend on the processing parameters. 17,18 Therefore, FLG/SLG-yield and related defect characteristics of the samples processed by HPH have been determined by statistical Raman spectroscopy and are discussed in this section in dependence of process parameters.…”

Section: Evaluation Of Product Quality By Statistical Raman Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Delamination of graphite in a high pressure homogenizer

et al. 2015

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A scalable industrial method for graphene and Few-Layer-Graphene (FLG) production by graphite delamination in N-methylpyrrolidone and water-surfactant mixtures using a high pressure homogenizer is presented. This paper is focused on processing conditions and extensive subsequent analysis of the delaminated products by a combination of analytical ultracentrifugation, UV/Vis and statistical Raman spectroscopies including co-localization with atomic force microscopy. In this way quantitative processing-structure-property correlations showing how suspension properties and processing parameters governing yield, quality and lateral dimension of the produced graphene are obtained. It is found that a high pressure homogenizer can be used to obtain sufficiently high concentrated FLG suspensions with low defect concentration.

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Section: Delamination Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: 28mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Evaluation Of Product Quality By Statistical Raman Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Delamination of graphite in a high pressure homogenizer

et al. 2015

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“…Knieke et al [52] and Damm et al [60,61] showed the feasibility of FLG and few-layer boron nitride Nano Res. production by delamination of graphite or hexagonal boron nitride in a stirred-media mill.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of quantitative structure-property and structure-process relationships for graphene production in water

et al. 2015

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A scalable method for graphene and few-layer graphene (FLG) production by graphite delamination in aqueous solutions of the nonionic surfactant TWEEN ® 80 (TW80) using stirred-media mills is presented. Delaminated product analysis using statistical Raman spectroscopy yielded extensive processing-structure-property relationships that revealed how stress intensity and specific energy input, i.e., the process parameters, govern the yield of graphene production and defect formation. The dispersed carbon concentration increased but the content and the quality of the FLG product decreased sharply with higher specific energy input. The FLG content of the product was up to 90%, especially for low specific energy input. Moreover, Raman analyses revealed that stress intensities greater than about 1 nJ were related to significant defect formation in the product particles. Another key parameter for graphene production is solvent viscosity. The FLG concentration in the product increased by a factor of 10 when the solvent's viscosity was increased from 1 to 6 mPa·s because shear-and friction-induced delamination was enhanced and in-plane fracture was reduced due to dampening of bead motion. Based on the processing-structure-property relationships found, we propose that the delamination process can be designed in such way that the product consists, almost totally, of FLG and that single-layer graphene is produced. The scalability of graphene production by stirred-media delamination was demonstrated when an increase in the batch size from 0.2 to 2 L had no significant effect on product quality.

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“…Ïîëó÷èòü ÃÍÏ âîçìîaeíî ïóòåì ìåõàíîàêòèâàöèè â ðàçëè÷íîãî ðîäà áàðàáàííûõ àïïàðàòàõ [2], øàðîâûõ [3] è ïëàíåòàðíûõ ìåëüíèöàõ [4]. Ðàñùåïëåíèå ãðàôèòà ïðîâîäè-ëîñü â ðàçëè÷íûõ ñðåäàõ, íàïðèìåð, â îðãàíè÷åñêèõ ðàñòâîðèòåëÿõ [5], â âîäíîì ðàñòâîðå äîäåöèëñóëüôîíàòà íàòðèÿ [6] èëè â ïðèñóòñòâèè äîáàâîê ïîâåðõíîñòíî-àêòèâíûõ âåùåñòâ [7]. Àíàëèç ðåçóëüòàòîâ äàííûõ èññëåäîâàíèé ñâèäåòåëüñòâóåò, ÷òî ïðè ìåõàíîàêòèâàöèè âîçìîaeíî ïîëó÷èòü ãðàôèòîâóþ ñìàçêó ñ ïðèñóòñòâèåì ãðàôåíîâûõ íàíîñòðóêòóð, ïîâû-øàþùèõ åå ýêñïëóàòàöèîííûå õàðàêòåðèñòèêè.…”

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