QUANTITATIVE EVALUATION OF DEFROSTED ESCHERICHIA COLI^a

Effect of Carbohydrates in Phosphate Buffer on Germination of Bacillus stearothermophilus Spores1

“…Since no definite pattern as to type of sugar was observed, the increased counts would appear to be due to osmotic effects. The data in this study suggest that the term "osmosensitivity," as used by Bretz and Hartsell (1959), applies to spores as well as to vegetative cells. Further studies on osmotic pressure are indicated.…”

Effect of Lyophilization in Sucrose Plus Dextran and Rehydration in Thioglycollate Broth on Performance of Competitive Exclusion Cultures in Broiler Chicks

“…concentration of the solutes to the appropriate levels (Bretz and Hartsell, 1959;Leach and Scott, 1959;Choate and Alexander, 1967); 2) provided the more complex medium necessary for repair (Straka and Stokes, 1959;Heckly, 1978); 3) reduced the concentration of oxygen by providing components like cysteine or thioglycollate; 4) provided nutrients that allow rapid metabolism in the facultative anaerobic microorganisms present, and subsequent depletion of the oxygen (Mead and Impey, 1985); or 4) a combination of the above. It is also likely that the TGB was improving the consistency of results by neutralizing the chlorine or other sanitizers that may have been present in the DW.…”

Survival of Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus , and Streptococcus faecalis Frozen in Simplified Food Substrates

“…Further limitations are imposed by consideration of such factors as that of the lysozyme present in egg white. Also, the diluent used may have had an adverse effect on recovery as indicated by the data of Bretz and Hartsell (1959). As only a single strain of each of the species was utilized in the testing, the data may not be representative.…”

“…Borgstrom (1955) in a review of the research in the area of the microbiology of frozen foods stated that additional studies could profitably be undertaken to elucidate more clearly the relationships which may exist between bacterial survival and the substrate on which the organism exists. Recently, the concept of the unique nature and requirements of the bacterial cell which has beeni frozen was forwarded by Bretz and Hartsell (1959).…”