Quantitative Doppler blood flow measurement method and in vivo calibration

Chauveau, M.; Lévy, Bernard; Dessanges, J.F.; Savin, E.; Bailliart, O; Martineaud, J. P.

doi:10.1093/cvr/19.11.700

Cited by 40 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…The fact that flow velocity was taken from the center of the artery warrants accuracy of the relative values before and after cuff inflation; notwithstanding, absolute values may be overestimated. 21 Reactive hyperemia was calculated as the maximal flow recorded in the first 15 sec after cuff deflation divided by the flow during the baseline resting scan.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Noninvasive detection of vascular dysfunction in alcoholic patients

Maiorano

Bartolomucci

Contursi

et al. 1999

American Journal of Hypertension

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Vasodilation is impaired in various conditions, such as hypercholesterolemia and tobacco use. We evaluated brachial artery flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) after blood pressure (BP) cuff occlusion using high-resolution B-mode ultrasound in 20 alcoholics, without any coexisting conditions such as smoking, hypertension, or cholesterolemia, after a 3-month period of abstinence. They were compared with a control group of 20 alcohol-free healthy subjects. We measured the diameter of the brachial artery under baseline conditions, during reactive hyperemia (with increased flow causing endothelium-dependent dilatation), and after administration of sublingual glyceryl trinitrate (GTN), an endothelium-independent dilator. We performed an echocardiographic study (Esaote Au3) according to guidelines of the American Society of Echocardiography to assess left ventricular mass (LVM), wall thickness, systolic stress, and diastolic function changes. FMD (% diameter change) was significantly less in the alcoholic patients than in the controls (6.03 ؎ 3.67 v 13.7 ؎ 4.65; P < .05), whereas no difference was noted after GTN administration (13.7 ؎ 7.97 v 16.0 ؎ 5.12, P ‫؍‬ NS). Echocardiographic study showed no differences between the study group for LVM, wall thickness, and systolic stress; diastolic function expressed as E/A ratio inversion was significantly impaired. These data demonstrate an impairment of endothelial-dependent vasodilatation in chronic alcohol abusers, which may contribute to the excess prevalence of cardiovascular diseases in these individuals. Am J Hypertens 1999;12:137-144

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Noninvasive detection of vascular dysfunction in alcoholic patients

Maiorano

Bartolomucci

Contursi

et al. 1999

American Journal of Hypertension

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“…Flow velocity used in this calculation was taken from the center of the artery and may be overestimated compared with absolute flow, but relative flow values before and after cuff deflation are accurate. 19 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brachial Vascular Reactivity in Blacks

et al. 2000

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Abstract-Endothelial function was studied ultrasonographically in a healthy subset of African Americans (blacks) because they have an increased risk of hypertension and vascular disease. Twenty-four healthy black and 28 well-matched white subjects were investigated. Ischemia was induced by inflating a cuff over the forearm to 40 mm Hg higher than systolic pressure for 5 minutes. Brachial artery diameter and blood flow velocity were measured at baseline and at 15, 45, and 60 seconds after deflation by use of an Acuson 128XP10 ultrasonograph with a 7.

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“…This permits precise measurement of flow velocity and diameter in large peripheral arteries. [7][8][9] Diameter was measured by emitting a 1-,tsec pulse and increasing the depth of measurement until a Doppler-shifted frequency was first detected at the proximal wall of the brachial artery. The pulse was advanced in 0.5 -,tsec steps across the artery, which yielded a velocity profile within the artery.…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flow-mediated and reflex changes in large peripheral artery tone in humans.

1989

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With the research assistance of Christine A. Sinkey, RN Studies of peripheral blood vessels in humans have focused primarily on regulation of blood flow and vascular resistance, which are thought to reflect small vessel caliber. Recent studies in animals have identified flow-mediated and neurogenic changes in large artery diameter. This study tested for flow-mediated dilatation and reflex constriction of the brachial artery in humans. A dual-crystal pulsed Doppler system was used to measure brachial artery diameter and blood flow proximal to the antecubital fossa. To test for flow-mediated dilatation, flow through the brachial artery was altered by an occluding cuff placed on the forearm distal to the site of brachial artery flow and diameter measurement. Control blood flow was 123 +20 mllmin, and brachial artery diameter was 4.74+±0.17 mm (mean+SEM). By inflating the distal occluding cuiT (distal circulatory arrest), flow was reduced through the brachial artery to 21±5 ml/min (p < 0.005), and brachial artery diameter was reduced to 4.35±0.20 mm (p < 0.001). By deflating the distal occluding cufT after 10 minutes (reactive hyperemia), brachial artery flow was increased to 358±55 mlVmin (p<0.001), and diameter was increased to 5.6±0.19 mm (p<0.001). These interventions did not change systemic arterial pressure and, as measured in three subjects, caused only small changes in local brachial artery distending pressure. Thus, both increased and decreased brachial artery blood flow produced significant changes in brachial artery diameter without altering arterial distending pressure. These data provide evidence for flow-mediated dilatation in humans. Reflex constriction was assessed by responses to lower-body negative pressure (-20 mm Hg) and the cold pressor test. Both reflex stimuli significantly (p < 0.001) reduced flow and brachial artery diameter. To determine whether or not these reflex stimuli caused constriction independent of reduced flow, lower-body negative pressure and the cold pressor test were performed during distal circulatory arrest (i.e., when brachial artery flow could not change). The cold pressor test, but not lower-body negative pressure, caused constriction beyond that attained by distal circulatory arrest alone (p<0.005). Thus, brachial artery constriction with the cold pressor test may involve direct sympathetic constriction, but brachial artery constriction during lower-body negative pressure can be explained by reduced flow alone. In summary, this study demonstrates that a tonically active, flow-mediated dilatation occurs independent of changes in distending pressure in a large peripheral artery in humans. Further, reflex stimuli cause constriction of the brachial artery that may involve direct sympathetic constriction or may be secondary to reduced flow. (Circulation 1989;79:93-

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Quantitative Doppler blood flow measurement method and in vivo calibration

Cited by 40 publications

References 0 publications

Noninvasive detection of vascular dysfunction in alcoholic patients

Noninvasive detection of vascular dysfunction in alcoholic patients

Brachial Vascular Reactivity in Blacks

Flow-mediated and reflex changes in large peripheral artery tone in humans.

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