Quantitative distribution of the glycine receptor in the auditory brain stem of the gerbil

Sanes, DH; Geary, WA; Wooten, G. Frederick; Rubel, EW

doi:10.1523/jneurosci.07-11-03793.1987

Cited by 107 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…The projection from the MNTB to the ipsilateral LSO (Spirou et al, 1990) is inhibitory and uses glycine as neurotransmitter. Numerous studies have demonstrated both a-subunit receptor immunoreactivity (Aoki et al, 1988) and high binding of 'H-strychnine in the LSO (Sanes et al, 1987;Glendennig and Baker, 1988). Electrophysiological data have shown the presence of strychnine-sensitive synapses in the LSO (Moore and Caspary, 1983;Wu and Kelly, 1991).…”

Section: Glycine Transporters In Glycinergic Nellrotransmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycine transporters are differentially expressed among CNS cells

et al. 1995

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Glycine is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the spinal cord and brainstem and is also required for the activation of NMDA receptors. The extracellular concentration of this neuroactive amino acid is regulated by at least two glycine transporters (GLYT1 and GLYT2). To study the localization and properties of these proteins, sequence- specific antibodies against the cloned glycine transporters have been raised. Immunoblots show that the 50–70 kDa band corresponding to GLYT1 is expressed at the highest concentrations in the spinal cord, brainstem, diencephalon, and retina, and, in a lesser degree, to the olfactory bulb and brain hemispheres, whereas it is not detected in peripheral tissues. Pre-embedding light and electron microscopic immunocytochemistry show that GLYT1 is expressed in glial cells around both glycinergic and nonglycinergic neurons except in the retina, where it is expressed by amacrine neurons, but not by glia. The expression of a 90–110 kDa band corresponding to GLYT2 is restricted to the spinal cord, brain-stem, and cerebellum; in addition, very low levels occur in the diencephalon. GLYT2 is found in presynaptic elements of neurons thought to be glycinergic. However, in the cerebellum, GLYT2 is expressed both in terminal boutons and in glial elements. The physiological consequences of the regional and cellular distributions of these two proteins as well as the possibility of the existence of an unidentified neuronal form of GLYT1 are discussed.

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Section: Glycine Transporters In Glycinergic Nellrotransmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycine transporters are differentially expressed among CNS cells

et al. 1995

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“…In bats, GABA A and glycine receptors are reported to have either opposing gradients of distribution, in which GABA A receptors are densest dorsalmedial, and glycine ventral-lateral, or an even distribution of GABA A receptors, with glycine receptors confined mainly to the ventral-lateral region (Fubara et al 1996;Vater et al 1990;Winer et al 1995). A similar glycine receptor distribution is seen in the gerbil (Sanes et al 1987). A physiological corollary is that the effects of blocking glycine are seen only in deeper regions of the IC (Koch and Grothe 1998;Lu and Jen 2001).…”

mentioning

confidence: 92%

Differential roles of GABAergic and glycinergic input on FM selectivity in the inferior colliculus of the pallid bat

Williams

Fuzessery

2011

Journal of Neurophysiology

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Williams AJ, Fuzessery ZM. Differential roles of GABAergic and glycinergic input on FM selectivity in the inferior colliculus of the pallid bat. J Neurophysiol 106: 2523-2535. First published July 20, 2011 doi:10.1152/jn.00569.2011.-Multiple mechanisms have been shown to shape frequency-modulated (FM) selectivity within the central nucleus of the inferior colliculus (IC) in the pallid bat. In this study we focus on the mechanisms associated with sideband inhibition. The relative arrival time of inhibition compared with excitation can be used to predict FM responses as measured with a two-tone inhibition paradigm. An early-arriving low-frequency inhibition (LFI) prevents responses to upward sweeps and thus shapes direction selectivity. A late-arriving high-frequency inhibition (HFI) suppresses slow FM sweeps and thus shapes rate selectivity for downward sweeps. Iontophoretic application of gabazine (GBZ) to block GABA A receptors or strychnine (Strych) to block glycine receptors was used to assess the effects of removal of inhibition on each form of FM selectivity. GBZ and Strych had a similar effect on FM direction selectivity, reducing selectivity in up to 86% of neurons when both drugs were coapplied. FM rate selectivity was more resistant to drug application with less than 38% of neurons affected. In addition, only Strych could eliminate FM rate selectivity, whereas GBZ alone was ineffective. The loss of FM selectivity was directly correlated to a loss of the respective inhibitory sideband that shapes that form of selectivity. The elimination of LFI correlated to a loss of FM direction selectivity, whereas elimination of HFI correlated to a loss of FM rate selectivity. Results indicate that 1) although the majority of FM direction selectivity is created within the IC, the majority of rate selectivity is inherited from lower levels of the auditory system, 2) a loss of LFI corresponds to a loss of FM direction selectivity and is created through either GABAergic or glycinergic input, and 3) a loss of HFI corresponds to a loss of FM rate selectivity and is created mainly through glycinergic input.

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“…Although the types of synaptic receptors that mediate excitatory and inhibitory synaptic transmission in the ICC have been identified by immunocytochemical labeling, receptor binding, physiological recording, and the use of pharmacological agents (Sanes et al, 1987;Petralia and Wenthold, 1992;Winer et al, 1995;Fubara et al, 1996;Wagner, 1996; Gaza and Ribak, 1997; Moore et al, 1998;Caicedo and Eybalin, 1999;Ma et al, 2002a,b), little is known about how activation of receptors influences temporal processing in ICC neurons. In this study, we recorded the postsynaptic responses to repetitive stimulation of the lateral lemniscus and examined the effects of AMPA, NMDA, and GABA A receptor antagonists.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of AMPA, NMDA, and GABA_AReceptors to Temporal Pattern of Postsynaptic Responses in the Inferior Colliculus of the Rat

Lei²,

Kelly³

2004

J. Neurosci.

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The central nucleus of the inferior colliculus (ICC) is a major site of synaptic interaction in the central auditory system. To understand how ICC neurons integrate excitatory and inhibitory inputs for processing temporal information, we examined postsynaptic responses of ICC neurons to repetitive stimulation of the lateral lemniscus at 10 -100 Hz in rat brain slices. The excitatory synaptic currents mediated by AMPA and NMDA receptors and the inhibitory current mediated by GABA A receptors were pharmacologically isolated and recorded by whole-cell patch-clamp techniques. The response kinetics of AMPA receptor-mediated EPSCs and GABA A receptor-mediated IPSCs were similar and much faster than those of NMDA receptor-mediated EPSCs. AMPA EPSCs could follow each pulse of stimulation at a rate of 10 -100 Hz but showed response depression during the course of repetitive stimulation. GABA A IPSCs could also follow stimulus pulses over this frequency range but showed depression at low rates and facilitation at higher rates. NMDA EPSCs showed facilitation and temporal summation in response to repetitive stimulation, which was most pronounced at higher rates of stimulation. GABA A inhibition suppressed activation of NMDA receptors and reduced both the degree of AMPA EPSC depression and the extent of temporal summation of NMDA EPSCs. The results indicate that GABA A receptor-mediated inhibition plays a crucial role in maintaining the balance of excitation and inhibition and in allowing ICC neurons to process temporal information more precisely.

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Quantitative distribution of the glycine receptor in the auditory brain stem of the gerbil

Cited by 107 publications

References 54 publications

Glycine transporters are differentially expressed among CNS cells

Glycine transporters are differentially expressed among CNS cells

Differential roles of GABAergic and glycinergic input on FM selectivity in the inferior colliculus of the pallid bat

Contribution of AMPA, NMDA, and GABA_AReceptors to Temporal Pattern of Postsynaptic Responses in the Inferior Colliculus of the Rat

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Quantitative distribution of the glycine receptor in the auditory brain stem of the gerbil

Cited by 107 publications

References 54 publications

Glycine transporters are differentially expressed among CNS cells

Glycine transporters are differentially expressed among CNS cells

Differential roles of GABAergic and glycinergic input on FM selectivity in the inferior colliculus of the pallid bat

Contribution of AMPA, NMDA, and GABAAReceptors to Temporal Pattern of Postsynaptic Responses in the Inferior Colliculus of the Rat

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Contribution of AMPA, NMDA, and GABA_AReceptors to Temporal Pattern of Postsynaptic Responses in the Inferior Colliculus of the Rat