Quantitative determination of volatiles in polyolefins by dynamic headspace/capillary gas chromatography/mass spectrometry

Hagman, Anders; Jacobsson, Sven P.

doi:10.1002/jhrc.1240111116

Cited by 13 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 14 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…Moreover, different additives are added (e.g., antioxidants, UV-stabilizers, color compounds, acid scavengers, and antistatic and antifogging agents) to polymer powder during the extrusion process to meet the end-use polymer property requirements. Such additives may affect the quality of the polymeric material and cause problems with organoleptic properties (i.e., odor and taste) that prevent the use of such material in specific applications. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and Theoretical Study on the Desorption of Alcohols and Ketones from Polyolefins

Kanellopoulos

Ali

Sundvall

et al. 2013

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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A comprehensive dynamic desorption model has been developed to estimate the desorption rate of alcohols (i.e., tert-butyl alcohol) and ketones (i.e., 2-propanone (acetone)) from semicrystalline polyolefins under operating conditions of industrial interest. The free volume theory is employed to calculate the penetrant diffusion coefficients and their dependence on temperature and penetrant concentration. The diffusivities of acetone and tert-butyl alcohol in semicrystalline polypropylene (PP) pellets were experimentally measured at different temperatures. It was shown that model predictions are in excellent agreement with the corresponding experimental dynamic measurements of the mass desorption of the sorbed species. Moreover, it was shown that the proposed model predicts correctly the diffusion coefficient of alcohols and ketones in semicrystalline polyolefins. This work can be industrially implemented in any process which involves desorption of gaseous penetrants from solid material.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and Theoretical Study on the Desorption of Alcohols and Ketones from Polyolefins

Kanellopoulos

Ali

Sundvall

et al. 2013

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Sample Preparation, Headspace Techniques

Chaintreau

2000

Encyclopedia of Analytical Chemistry

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Among sample preparation techniques used prior to gas chromatography (GC), headspace sampling (HS) offers many advantages as it only collects vapors that are directly compatible with GC. The main variants are: (1) collection of a fraction of the HS (static headspace, SHS), (2) gas stripping of volatiles from a solution and subsequent trapping in an adsorbent (purge and trap headspace, P&THS), (3) collection and trapping of volatiles from a whole HS in equilibrium with a liquid (static and trapped headspace, S&THS), (4) partition of volatiles between a sample, its HS, and an adsorbent fiber (headspace solid‐phase microextraction (HSSPME)). For each one, a design and some guidelines for qualitative and quantitative use are given, as well as the equation giving the theoretical recovery. Performances are compared between HS techniques and others such as simultaneous distillation extraction (SDE). A special section is devoted to the timesaving hyphenation of HS to detectors without chromatographic separation like HS‐sensor array and headspace sampling mass spectrometry (HSMS). Main HS applications in various areas (food, environment, health and biosciences) since the late 1980s are illustrated. In addition, HS appears to be a unique tool to measure thermodynamical constants of volatiles characterizing their partitioning between phases and their interactions with a nonvolatile matrix.

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Volatile compounds extracted from polypropylene pellets by hot water: Influence of the level of the peroxide agent

Rebeyrolle

Étiévant

1992

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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SYNOPSISTo improve the quality level of plastic packaging materials, we determined the influence of chemical degradation of polypropylene (PP) upon the amount of volatile components extracted by hot water from PP pellets. Two formulations were analyzed and compared PP CR (degraded) and PP (not degraded). After Likens-Nickerson's extraction of the pellets and concentration of the extract, an HPLC fractionation was made to collect three fractions of different polarities: a pentane (A), a dichloromethane ( B ) , and an ether ( C ) fraction. Fractions ( B ) and ( C ) were olfactively evaluated by GC sniffing to be most interesting. Their analysis by GC/MS coupling allowed the identification of different components: aldehydes, ketones, and phenols in fraction B and alcohols and acids in fraction C. A quantitative analysis gave us the amounts of volatiles that were compared to their olfactive thresholds in water; thus, in fraction ( B ) , nonanal and decanal were concluded to have a potential olfactive contribution to the odor of water in contact with PP. A statistical analysis showed that chemical degradation had little influence upon the amounts of volatiles extracted from PP pellets by hot water.

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Quantitative determination of volatiles in polyolefins by dynamic headspace/capillary gas chromatography/mass spectrometry

Cited by 13 publications

References 14 publications

Experimental and Theoretical Study on the Desorption of Alcohols and Ketones from Polyolefins

Experimental and Theoretical Study on the Desorption of Alcohols and Ketones from Polyolefins

Sample Preparation, Headspace Techniques

Volatile compounds extracted from polypropylene pellets by hot water: Influence of the level of the peroxide agent

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