Quantitative Determination of Bulk Molecular Concentrations of β-Agonists in Pork Tissue Samples by Direct Internal Extractive Electrospray Ionization-Mass Spectrometry

Abstract

Rapid quantitative determination of bulk molecular concentration in solid samples without sample pretreatment is demonstrated using the internal extractive electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (iEESI-MS) analysis of six β-agonists, including salbutamol (Sal), clenbuterol (Cle), ractopamine (Rac), terbutaline (Ter), tulobuterol (Tul), brombuterol (Bro), in pork tissue samples. Single sample analysis only required 1 min. The linear range of detection was about 0.01-1000 μg/kg (R > 0.9994). The limit-of-detection (LOD) varied from 0.002 μg/kg for Sal to 0.006 μg/kg for Tul. Relative standard deviation (RSD) of quantitation was in the range 6.5-11.3%. The analytical results were validated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), showing the accuracy rates of 92-105%. The current study extends the power of ambient MS as a method for the quantification of molecules at the surface of solid samples (e.g., in μg/cm units) toward the quantification of molecules in bulk sample volume (i.e., in μg/kg units), which is commonly required in food safety control, biomedical analysis, public security, and many other disciplines.

Limitation standard of toxic aconitines in Aconitum proprietary Chinese medicines using on-line extraction electrospray ionization mass spectrometry

“…Owing to the fast response sensitivity and minimal sample pretreatment, the ambient ionization techniques increase the simplicity and the throughput of MS analysis. However, the existing ambient MS quantitation strategy has obvious limitations, such as only surface quantification 19 , poor versatility 20 , or low resistance to matrix interference 21 , thus the on-line component enrichment or impurities removal before MS analysis 21 is still indispensable. Hence, for various complicated samples in real-world, the universal, accurate, and sensitive ambient MS method should be developed.…”

Clenbuterol, salbutamol, and ractopamine in fresh meat products in Jilin province, China

“…Various analytical methods based on LC-MS [14][15][16][17][18][19][20] , GC-MS [21,22] , internal extractive electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (iEESI-MS) [23,24] , capillary electrophoresis with electrochemical detection [25] and immunoassay (EIA) [16,[26][27][28] are available for the detection of β-agonists. Since LC-MS/MS can rapidly and accurately quantify β-agonists in meat products [29] , we used LC-MS/MS to detect β-agonists in meat products.…”

Fast quantification of fluoroquinolones in environmental water samples using molecularly imprinted polymers coupled with internal extractive electrospray ionization mass spectrometry

“…Up until now, iEESI-MS has mainly been applied for the qualitative characterization of various samples, such as tissue and fruit. 33,34 In this paper, a novel and facile method, termed MIPs extraction coupled with online iEESI-MS/MS elution and analysis (MIPs-iEESI-MS/MS) was designed and developed for the fast quantication of FQs in environmental water samples. FQs in water samples were selectivity captured by the MIPs material, held on a syringe lter and directly online eluted by the electrospray solution for mass spectrometric analysis.…”

“…Up until now, iEESI-MS has mainly been applied for the qualitative characterization of various samples, such as tissue and fruit. 33,34 …”