Quantitative Determination of Arbutin and Hydroquinone in Different Plant Materials by HPLC

Abstract

A simple, fast method of high-performance liquid chromatography for the determination and quantification of arbutin and hydroquinone in many different raw materials was developed and validated. The optimum conditions for the separation and detection of these two constituents were achieved on a LiChro-CARD 125-4 Superspher®100 RP-18 column with the water-methanol (gradient elution) mobile phase and recorded at 289 nm. The purities of peaks were verified by PDA analysis of impurities. The results of validation have shown that the HPLC method is stable and accurate for the simultaneous determination of arbutin and hydroquinone in extracts from various plants. The developed method gave a good sensitivity (LOD 1µg/ml for arbutin and 0.49 µg/ml for hydroquinone) with linearity R 2 >0.9993 (for both). The relative standard deviation of the method was less than 2.53% for intra-day assays and 3.23% for inter-day assay, the accuracy of the recovery test ranged from 98.96% to 106.4%. This method was used in comparative qualitative analysis of arbutin and hydroquinone in 16 different raw materials from families Lamiaceae, Ericacaeae, Saxifragaceae, Rosaceae. The content of arbutin in B. ciliata, B. cordifolia and Ledum palustre was examined for the first time.

Quantitative analysis of arbutin and hydroquinone in strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo L., Ericaceae) leaves by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry / Kvantitativna analiza arbutina i hidrokinona u listovima obične planike (Arbutus unedo L., Ericaceae) plinskokromatografskom metodom uz detekciju masenim spektrometrom

“…Table 1 shows the LOD, LOQ, and precision of the developed method as well as the analytical recovery of the studied compounds. The precision of the method (RSD<5 %) and analytical recovery (96.2-98.0 %) were comparable to the previously developed HPLC methods for arbutin and hydroquinone quantification in leaf extracts (17,18) or arbutin quantification in medicinal plant extracts (24) as well as to the GC-MS method for arbutin quantification in leaf extracts (20). The LOD for arbutin (0.009 µg mL -1 ) and for hydroquinone (0.004 µg mL -1 ) obtained in this study showed an improvement in method sensitivity over the HPLC methods reported by Fecka and Turek (17) and Rychlinska and Nowak (18) (LODs>0.49 µg mL -1 ) and the GC-MS method reported by Lamien-Meda et al (20) (LOD for arbutin=0.13 µg mL -1 ).…”

“…Since hydroquinone was not detected in the leaf samples, a standard solution of hydroquinone in methanol was added to samples to contain 1 mg g -1 dried weight to optimise the extraction procedure. This concentration was chosen according to the literature data regarding hydroquinone content in the leaves of Arctostaphylos uva-ursi, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, and Origanum majorana (17,18). Arbutin and hydroquinone were extracted from samples with 5 or 15 mL of methanol, 80 % methanol, ethyl acetate, and dichloromethane using Jurica …”

“…Several methods have been reported for arbutin and/or hydroquinone quantification in leaves, including high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with diode array detection (DAD) (2,11,16), UV detection (17,18), mass spectrometry (MS) detection (19), as well as gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) (20), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy (1), and densitometry (21).…”

Enhanced photocatalytic degradation of 4-chlorophenol and 2,4-dichlorophenol onin situphosphated sol-gel TiO2

“…An increase in the absorbance is observed near 250 nm and can be attributed to the formation of intermediates, especially benzoquinones. In addition, the absorption spectrum displays a bathochromic shift towards 285 nm, indicating the formation of intermediary species with a different cromophore group, such as hydroquinone . This last peak (285 nm), assigned to the n → π * transitions of C–Cl bond, decreases rapidly because this bond is the most reactive.…”

HPLC simultaneous determination of arbutin, chlorogenic acid and 6′-O-caffeoylarbutin in different parts ofVaccinium dunalianumWight

“…So far, several studies reported on the determination of 1 and the other hydroquinones in different plant materials (Rychlińska & Nowak 2012), and 2 in sunflower seeds (Aramendía et al 2000) by HPLC methods. However, none of them are applicable to the simultaneous analysis of 1-3.…”