Quantitative Detection of Environmentally Important Dyes Using Diode Laser/Fiber-Optic Raman Spectroscopy

Gilmore, D. A.; Gurka, Donald F.; Denton, M. Bonner

doi:10.1366/0003702953964390

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 33 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The authors speculated that achieving a good reproducibility in the quantitative analyses was nearly not possible without the standardization of the Raman signal . However, more recent studies indicated that spectral standardization may be not necessary in some cases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

FT‐Raman spectroscopy for quantitative analysis of salt efflorescences

Broggi

Petrucci

Bracciale

et al. 2012

J Raman Spectroscopy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Salt crystallization in porous materials constitutes one of the major causes of decay of buildings and archeological sites. Depending on the environmental conditions, salts can crystallize inside the porous network (subflorescence or cryptoefflorescence) on the material surface (efflorescence or compact crust). Generally speaking, the salt deposits may comprise different inorganic ions (i.e. sodium or potassium sulphates, nitrates or chlorides), and they cause several damages, i.e. flaking, alveolar weathering, crumbling, loss of material or dissolution. In order to determine the nature and the concentration of salts, ionic chromatography (IC) is generally used. Although valuable, the IC analytical method presents a number of drawbacks, i.e. requires long sample preparation times, different sample dilutions, and the determined values are referred only to the ionic species (cations or anions). For a quick quantitative identification, the Raman spectroscopy appears more suitable, but a calibration of such analytical method is necessary. The present paper deals with the application of Fourier transform (FT)-Raman spectroscopy to the study of soluble salts constituting the most diffuse efflorescences in monuments and archeological sites. The FT-Raman calibration was set up by measuring the band integration area of each standard salt solution at the more intense and/or well-resolved band. Twelve control mixtures were tested, and the calibration curve fitting was evaluated. The obtained results were compared with IC determinations performed on the same salt mixtures.The FT-Raman spectroscopy demonstrated to be an easy approach to salt quantitative analyses, that in addition enables the direct identification of the nature of the analyzed samples.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

FT‐Raman spectroscopy for quantitative analysis of salt efflorescences

Broggi

Petrucci

Bracciale

et al. 2012

J Raman Spectroscopy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In fact, there have been relatively few publications containing actual detection limits for the types of samples discussed in this paper. 3,4,13 In order to characterize the sensitivity of the Raman spectrometer, and to provide a measure of the expected detection limits from a similar instrument, two studies were performed. Low-concentration samples of benzene were made using water and CCl 4 as solvents.…”

Section: Linear Dynamic Range and Detection Limitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative analysis using Raman spectroscopy without spectral standardization

Giles

Gilmore

Denton

1999

J. Raman Spectrosc.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Compared with other spectroscopic techniques, Raman spectroscopy has not generally been applied to problems of quantitative analysis, primarily because it is assumed that spectral irreproducibility due to source, sample or optical parameters requires standardization of the Raman signal. However, a custom-built Raman spectrometer with a 785 nm excitation source has yielded a spectral peak height reproducibility of 0.5% relative standard deviation. Quantitative studies of glucose in water, ethanol in water and p-xylene in m-xylene, described here, illustrate the linearity and precision of the Raman system. In order to estimate the linear dynamic range of the instrument, detection limits were determined for benzene in water and in CCl 4 , demonstrating a range from sub-ppm to 100% concentration. Specific factors affecting spectral reproducibility, and therefore quantitative results, are discussed. The quality of the results presented indicates that Raman spectroscopy should be a more common quantitative spectroscopic technique.

show abstract

“…For solutions, the standard is usually a solvent peak, 8,9 while for polymerization reactions this peak may correspond to an unreactive part of the molecule. 10 In the absence of a reference peak in the sample matrix, an inert internal standard is often added.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Referencing Raman Probes for Quantitative Analysis

Zheng

Albin

et al. 2001

Appl Spectrosc

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Diamond is evaluated as an internal reference for remote Raman spectroscopy using three different fiber-optic probe designs. The three probe designs include (1) a six-around-one fiber-optic probe with a flat diamond window; (2) a six-around-one fiber-optic probe with a quartz lens window with an embedded diamond particle, and (3) a filtered probe design with a flat diamond window. It is found that the second probe design provides a compact and inexpensive probe head which allows quantitative measurements of Raman-active analytes independent of changes in the incident laser power and independent of changes in the refractive index of the solution. In addition, the second probe design minimizes the glass Raman background from the fiber optics without the use of filters.

show abstract

Quantitative Detection of Environmentally Important Dyes Using Diode Laser/Fiber-Optic Raman Spectroscopy

Cited by 13 publications

References 33 publications

FT‐Raman spectroscopy for quantitative analysis of salt efflorescences

FT‐Raman spectroscopy for quantitative analysis of salt efflorescences

Quantitative analysis using Raman spectroscopy without spectral standardization

Self-Referencing Raman Probes for Quantitative Analysis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About