Quantitative Changes of Soluble Carbohydrates in Stems of Solid- And Hollow-Stemmed Wheats During Growth

Lopatecki, L. E.; Longair, E. L.; Kasting, R.

doi:10.1139/b62-113

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(8 reference statements)

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“…cially in relation to tiller numbers and survival. In contrast, numerous reports have related grain yidds to N and P concentration, and the accumulation of nonstructural carbohydrates in leaves and stems of wheat as a source of reserves for translocation to developing grain (1, 2,8,11,12). Although tillers may become physiologically independent of the main stem, the capability remains for movement of assimilates between stems of the plant ( 17).…”

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confidence: 99%

Carbohydrate, Nitrogen, and Phosphorus Concentrations of Spring Wheat Leaves and Stems

1989

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Tillers which produce a spike on spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) contribute greatly to grain yield. Management practices and environmental factors influence tiller survival, but mechanisms that contribute to survival are not well understood. Leaves and stems from the main plant and all tillers grown in the field under two N and two water levels were separated and analyzed for water soluble carbohydrates (WSC), N, and P concentration. Concentrations of WSC were greater in stems than in leaves for all treatments, with concentrations in stems increasing rapidly as plants developed, while concentration of WSC in leaf tissue changed only slightly during development. Main plant stems had higher WSC than tiller stems and WSC of tiller stems decreased as tiller position increased from the main stem to T3. Leaf and stem N and P concentrations decreased for all treatments as plants developed morphologically. On most sample dates, leaf tissue had higher N concentrations than stems, but stems had higher P concentrations than leaves. Results were not conclusive as to the role of N, P, or WSC in determining tiller number and survival in spring wheat, but the tissue analyses suggest that WSC concentrations in stems are an important factor in determining total tiller number and survival. The plants that are most vigorous during vegetative development have a greater potential to produce tillers that survive and contribute to grain yield.

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Carbohydrate, Nitrogen, and Phosphorus Concentrations of Spring Wheat Leaves and Stems

1989

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“…The amylase activity found in the mesenteron and salivary glands could digest the starch to glucose which, in turn, would provide metabolizable energy or carbon for biosynthesis (Kasting and McGinnis 1962). The leaves and sprouts of wheat also contain large quantities of glucose, fructose, and sucrose (Lopatecki et al 1962). The trisaccharide raffinose also has been reported in wheat leaves CinEerov6 1961).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

DIGESTIVE ENZYMES OF SIXTH-INSTAR LARVAE OF THE PALE WESTERN CUTWORM, AGROTIS ORTHOGONIA (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE)

Khan¹,

Kasting²

1969

Can Entomol

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Results of a qualitative survey of some digestive enzymes of sixth-instar larvae of the pale western cutworm are reported. An extract prepared from the mesenteron (midgut) and its contents showed activity for the enzymes, proteinase, aminopeptidase, dipeptidase, amylase, α-glucosidasc, α-galactosidase, and lipase. There was also evidence for a β-glucosidase activity in the brei prepared from the mesenteron. A brei of salivary glands showed activities for α-glucosidase and amylase, as well as a strong proteinase. These enzymes were not found in brei prepared from the stomodaeum (foregut) or proctodaeum (hindgut). There was no evidence for polygalacturonase, celiulase, β-galactosidase, or carboxypeptidase in any part of the digestive system.Values of pH for extracts from the different parts of the digestive system were: proctodaeum, 7.2; mesenteron, 8.2; stomodaeum, 7.8; and salivary glands, 7.8.

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“…Fructosan levels in the leaf tissue were very low, with only Merion bluegrass containing more than trace amounts. Varietal differences in the accumulation of soluble carbohydrates in wheat are well documented (7,15). Similarly, the presence of only trace amounts of fructosan in common Kentucky bluegrass contrasts with amounts approaching one percent in Merion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bathurst and Mitchell (I) recorded highest 80% alcohol soluble sugar contents under full light and low temepratures; conversely shade and high temperature produced the lowest sugar levels in pasture plants. Lopatecki, et al (7) studying soluble carbohydrate changes in wheat stems, noted the presence of glucose, fructose, sucrose, oligosaccharide, and fructosan. The oligosaccharide fraction (a low molecular weight monoglucopoly-fructon) was the dominant sugar in the stems prior to ripening of the grain (3,7,17).…”

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Seasonal Relationships between Nitrogen Nutrition and Soluble Carbohydrates in the Leaves of Agrostis palustris Huds., and Poa pratemis L.¹

Green¹,

Beard²

1969

Agronomy Journal

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Swards of ‘Toronto’ creeping bentgrass ,Agrostic palustris Huds.) and two cultivars of Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.), ‘common’ and ‘Merion,’ were fertilized at rates of 0,146, 292, 438, and 584 kg of nitrogen/ha (o, 3, 6, 9, and 12 lb nitrogen/1,0002 ft) per season. The concentrations of five carbohydrates were determined throughout the growing season from leaf tissue of grass plants subjected to these nitrogen (N) treatments. The oligosaccharides, particularly those of higher molecular weight than sucrose, were the sugars most responsive to the N treatments. Oligosaccharides decreased in concentration with increased N treatment. The N treatments did not produce concentraion differenials in the di‐ and monosaccharides. Treatments providing more than 73 kg N/ha (1 ½ lb soluble N/1,0002 ft) per application resulted in equivalent carbohydrate concentrations In the leaf tissue.

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Quantitative Changes of Soluble Carbohydrates in Stems of Solid- And Hollow-Stemmed Wheats During Growth

Cited by 17 publications

References 13 publications

Carbohydrate, Nitrogen, and Phosphorus Concentrations of Spring Wheat Leaves and Stems

Carbohydrate, Nitrogen, and Phosphorus Concentrations of Spring Wheat Leaves and Stems

DIGESTIVE ENZYMES OF SIXTH-INSTAR LARVAE OF THE PALE WESTERN CUTWORM, AGROTIS ORTHOGONIA (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE)

Seasonal Relationships between Nitrogen Nutrition and Soluble Carbohydrates in the Leaves of Agrostis palustris Huds., and Poa pratemis L.¹

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Quantitative Changes of Soluble Carbohydrates in Stems of Solid- And Hollow-Stemmed Wheats During Growth

Cited by 17 publications

References 13 publications

Carbohydrate, Nitrogen, and Phosphorus Concentrations of Spring Wheat Leaves and Stems

Carbohydrate, Nitrogen, and Phosphorus Concentrations of Spring Wheat Leaves and Stems

DIGESTIVE ENZYMES OF SIXTH-INSTAR LARVAE OF THE PALE WESTERN CUTWORM, AGROTIS ORTHOGONIA (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE)

Seasonal Relationships between Nitrogen Nutrition and Soluble Carbohydrates in the Leaves of Agrostis palustris Huds., and Poa pratemis L.1

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Seasonal Relationships between Nitrogen Nutrition and Soluble Carbohydrates in the Leaves of Agrostis palustris Huds., and Poa pratemis L.¹