Quantitative and qualitative changes in endogenous nitrogen components along the small intestine of the calf

Montagné, Lucile; Toullec, R.; Lallès, Jean‐Paul

doi:10.1002/1097-0010(200011)80:14<2123::aid-jsfa761>3.0.co;2-9

Cited by 13 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Because less than complete digestion would be indicated by FN increasing as NI increases, milk-fed animals completely digested the N provided, as indicated by a slope of ADNI vs. NI that did not differ from unity (P > 0.691) and constant FN at all levels of NI. These results are consistent with the results of an experiment conducted with multicannulated Holstein calves in which ileal flows of CP were not affected whether calves were fed a protein-free diet or increasing levels of milk protein (Montagne et al, 2000). This view also has been expressed previously (Cunningham and Brisson, 1957;Roy, 1970); however, other experiments have suggested less than complete digestibility of milk proteins based on different techniques (e.g., 93.5%; Lofgreen and Kleiber, 1953).…”

Section: N Digestionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…However, even in milk replacer-fed calves there appears to be a substantial contribution of bacterial N toward ileal N flow. It was mentioned previously that ileal N was not different for calves fed a protein-free diet or 3 increasing levels of milk protein (Montagne et al, 2000). In this study, the proportion of ileal N predicted to be bacterial N increased from approximately 27% for the diet containing 28% CP to 50% for the protein-free diet, although bacterial N was not identified in jejunal or duodenal samples.…”

Section: N Digestioncontrasting

confidence: 47%

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Analysis of Nitrogen Utilization and Excretion in Growing Dairy Cattle

Zanton

Heinrichs

2008

Journal of Dairy Science

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Literature data on utilization of dietary N were analyzed by using meta-analytic procedures for growing milk-fed dairy calves and weaned dairy heifers. The objective was to statistically assess N utilization and excretion in growing dairy cattle when dietary N was altered in otherwise balanced rations at various stages of growth. Studies meeting the selection criteria included data from 16 published papers encompassing 94 distinct observations made on 217 animals. Of these, 6 studied calves were fed milk or milk protein-based milk replacer [milk-fed; 30 to 81 kg of body weight (BW)] with 37 different dietary treatments, and 10 experiments studied heifers receiving diets based on forage, concentrates, or a combination of forage and concentrates (weaned; 56 to 472 kg of BW) with 57 different dietary treatments. Mixed model and fixed effect regression analyses were used to evaluate responses to additional dietary N. True digestibility of dietary N was 100.4% for milk-fed calves and 96.4% for weaned heifers, with corresponding basal fecal N excretion values of 3.05 and 6.51 g of N/kg of dry matter intake. Urinary N (g of N/kg of BW(0.75)) was consistently greater for milk-fed calves, but the response to increasing N intake was parallel to the response for weaned heifers. Whether using a mixed model approach or a fixed effect approach to account for metabolizable energy intake, BW, and dry matter intake, milk-fed calves retained more N per kilogram of BW(0.75) than weaned heifers. However, marginal efficiency of N utilization responded as a continuous function of BW, as opposed to a bimodal response associated with diet type. Gross N efficiency (GNE) responded quadratically to N intake and was greater for milk-fed calves than for weaned heifers. Linear and quadratic coefficients of this function did not differ between diet types, indicating that the response in gross N efficiency to additional N intake was not different between diet groups; rather, the absolute level obtainable differed. Dietary CP concentrations of 18.9% for milk-fed calves and 14.2% for weaned heifers were found to maximize GNE; 22.5% MJ of crude protein/MJ of ME was found to maximize GNE for both groups. Equations are discussed relative to the requirements to replace basal N losses and efficiency of N utilization.

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Section: N Digestionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: N Digestioncontrasting

confidence: 47%

Analysis of Nitrogen Utilization and Excretion in Growing Dairy Cattle

Zanton

Heinrichs

2008

Journal of Dairy Science

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“…They have been shown to be mostly intact at the duodenum of calves fed diets containing SMP (Caugant et al, 1992), and so probably partially degraded at the jejunum. Our results confirmed that the digestion of proteins from SMP was not completed at the jejunum (Montagne et al, 2000b). At the ileum, the flow of CP with M r < 400 significantly increased with the dietary CP level.…”

Section: Effect Of Dietary Cp Level On Digestion Of Cp Along the Smalsupporting

confidence: 85%

Influence of Dietary Protein Level and Source on the Course of Protein Digestion Along the Small Intestine of the Veal Calf

Montagné¹,

Crévieu-Gabriel²,

Toullec³

et al. 2003

Journal of Dairy Science

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The objective of this study was to examine the effect of the dietary crude protein (CP) content and source on the distribution of digesta proteins and peptides according to their molecular mass along the small intestine of veal calves. Diets contained 14, 104, 205, and 279 g/kg of CP supplied by skim milk powder (SMP) in experiment 1. Diets contained only SMP or SMP plus proteins (1:1 on digestible CP basis) from either a soybean protein concentrate (SPC), an isolated soy protein partially hydrolyzed (HSPI), or a potato protein concentrate (PPC) in experiment 2. Duodenal, jejunal, and ileal digesta were collected from calves fitted with simple cannulae and continuously infused the milk replacers into the abomasum. The distribution of molecular mass (Mr) of proteins and peptides was studied by gel filtration chromatography. Increasing the dietary CP level of milk replacers increased the flow of oligopeptides and free amino acids in ileal digesta. Incorporating plant protein increased the flow of proteins with Mr > 20,000 in the duodenum and that of proteins and peptides with Mr < 10,000 in the ileum. Hydrolysis of oligopeptides and absorption may be a limiting step in the digestion of plant protein in the veal calf.

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“…14 This observation corroborates the fact that the loss of endogenous protein at the terminal ileum did not vary with the dietary protein content. 36 Several studies reported that the flow of threonine in ileal digesta differs widely depending on the nature of dietary protein. Apart from leading to a low apparent digestibility for this amino acid, this variability suggests an impact of dietary protein on the flow of mucin.…”

Section: Mucin Contribution To Specific Endogenous Protein Lossesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Diet on Mucin Kinetics and Composition: Nutrition and Health Implications

Montagne¹,

Piel²,

Lallès³

2004

Nut. Rev.

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The mucus gel covering the gut epithelium is in dynamic balance between synthesis and secretion of mucin from goblet cells and proteolytic and physical erosion that releases mucin into the lumen. In the lumen, mucin is partially protected from proteolysis by carbohydrate chains, and it contributes to endogenous protein reaching the ileum. Dietary components modulate the contribution of mucin to endogenous protein components and their qualitative composition. In addition, mucin plays a key role in gastrointestinal protection in association with the microflora. In this review, we will attempt to evaluate the consequences of dietary manipulation of mucin on gut health.

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Quantitative and qualitative changes in endogenous nitrogen components along the small intestine of the calf

Cited by 13 publications

References 26 publications

Analysis of Nitrogen Utilization and Excretion in Growing Dairy Cattle

Analysis of Nitrogen Utilization and Excretion in Growing Dairy Cattle

Influence of Dietary Protein Level and Source on the Course of Protein Digestion Along the Small Intestine of the Veal Calf

Effect of Diet on Mucin Kinetics and Composition: Nutrition and Health Implications

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