Quantitative and Pattern Recognition Analyses for the Quality Evaluation of Cimicifugae Rhizoma by HPLC

Abstract

In this study, quantitative and pattern recognition analysis for the quality evaluation of Cimicifugae Rhizoma using HPLC/UV was developed. For quantitative analysis, three major bioactive phenolic compounds were determined. The separation conditions employed for HPLC/UV were optimized using ODS C18 column (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 µM) with isocratic elution of acetonitrile and water with 0.1% phosphoric acid as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min and a detection wavelength of 323 nm. These methods were fully validated with respect to the linearity, accuracy, precision, recovery, and robustness. The HPLC/UV method was applied successfully to the quantification of three major compounds in the extract of Cimicifugae Rhizoma. The HPLC analytical method for pattern recognition analysis was validated by repeated analysis of twelve reference samples corresponding to five different species of Cimicifugae Rhizoma and seventeen samples purchased from markets. The results indicate that the established HPLC/UV method is suitable for the quantitative analysis and quality control of multi-components in Cimicifugae Rhizoma.

Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Analysis Reveal Insights into the Molecular Mechanism of Shengma-Gegen Decoction on Monkeypox

“…A total of 94 components and 8 hub targets were identified in the TCM-bioactive compound-hub gene network. Among these active components, puerarin, daidzein, and daidzin are the main compounds in Radix Puerariae [31], isoferulic acid is the main compound in Cimicifugae Rhizoma [32], paeoniflorin not only presents in Cimicifugae Rhizoma, it is one of the main compounds in Paeoniae Radix Alba [35], quercetin presents in Glycyrrhiza uralensis, and kaempferol presents in Glycyrrhiza uralensis and Paeoniae Radix Alba. Wang et al discovered puerarin exhibited antiviral activity against influenza virus by inhibiting the NA activity of the virus and blocking the nuclear output of key proteins [36].…”

“…Puerarin, daidzein, quercetin, and kaempferol therefore were chosen as ligands (Figure 6a), and the corresponding targets were used as receptors (Figure 6b). As paeoniflorin, daidzin (MOL009720) and isoferulic acid (MOL005928) are the main compounds of SMGGD [31,32], the three compounds and their corresponding targets were chosen for molecular docking as well. Then, the molecular docking between ligands and receptors were analyzed via AutoDock Tools software.…”

Cimicifugae Rhizoma Extract Attenuates Oxidative Stress and Airway Inflammation via the Upregulation of Nrf2/HO-1/NQO1 and Downregulation of NF-κB Phosphorylation in Ovalbumin-Induced Asthma

“…Quantification of these HCAs is considered to be important in establishing quality control of CRE. Previously, some HPLC analysis methods have been used to assess the quality of Cimicifugae Rhizoma and to analyze HCAs such as caffeic, ferulic, and isoferulic acids [12,30]. Under the HPLC experimental conditions described in this study, five HCAs, namely caffeic acid, cimicifugic acid B, cimicifugic acid F, ferulic acid, and isoferulic acid were identified and quantified in the CRE.…”

Simultaneous determination of 19 constituents in Cimicifugae Rhizoma by HPLC–DAD and screening for antioxidants through DPPH free radical scavenging assay

“…For example, the alcoholic extract of C. foetida (brand name Ximingting ® ) was approved for the treatment of perimenopausal symptoms by China State Food and Drug Administration in 2005 (Ye et al, ). Against this background, there is rising concern about the quality control of Cimicifugae Rhizoma, including adopting HPLC and near‐infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy methods (Fang et al, ; Guo et al, ; Shen et al, ; Wu et al, ). However, related research is still limited.…”