Quantitative analysis of the purgative components of rhubarb and senna.

Oshio, Haruji; Naruse, Yoshitomo; Tsukui, Makoto

doi:10.1248/cpb.26.2458

Cited by 33 publications

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“…However, Cosmosil 5C 18 showed a poor separation for compound 12 which overlapped with an adjacent peak; Cosmosil 5C18-AR did not show a good resolution for the 5/6 pairs; Cosmosil 5C 18 -AR II had better efficiency for higher-polar compounds (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12), and Cosmosil 5C 18 -MS was the best for lower-polar compounds (13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19). For all the markers as a whole, Cosmosil 5C 18 -MS and 5C 18 -ARII both produced a fairly good separation.…”

Section: Hplc Analysismentioning

confidence: 97%

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Determination of 19 rhubarb constituents by high‐performance liquid chromatography–ultraviolet–mass spectrometry

Lin¹,

Wu²,

Lin³

et al. 2006

J of Separation Science

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Rhubarb (Rhei rhizoma), a commonly used Chinese herb, contains anthraquinones, anthrones, galloylglucoses, stilbenes, and flavan-3-ols compounds, etc. as major constituents. Using 19 of these compounds as markers, an HPLC-UV-MS method was developed to estimate the quality of rhubarb samples within a period of 70 min. Extracts were analyzed with a Cosmosil 5C18-MS column and eluted with a gradient comprising an aqueous solution of acetic acid and methanol at a flow rate of 0.9 mL/min. Peaks were detected by absorbance measurements at 254 nm (6 and 8-19) and 280 nm (1-5 and 7), and the peaks of the marker substances were identified from their UV spectra and MS fragmentation patterns. The proposed method yielded a peak-area ratio RSD value with an intraday SD falling within 0.71-1.78% and an interday SD within 0.78-1.98% at a detection limit of 0.2-3.2 microg/mL. The ESI negative ion mode was used to collect data (molecular weight, CID fragments from MS and MS/MS spectra) for 19 compounds from four types of structure categories: anthraquinones, dianthrone glycosides, stilbenes, and galloylglucosides. The information gathered can be used to identify the structures of various peaks appearing in the LC chromatograms of rhubarb samples.

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Section: Hplc Analysismentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Several methods have been reported for the determination of some of these rhubarb components including TLC [13][14][15], HPLC [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25], and CE [25][26][27][28]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of 19 rhubarb constituents by high‐performance liquid chromatography–ultraviolet–mass spectrometry

Lin¹,

Wu²,

Lin³

et al. 2006

J of Separation Science

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“…), jaundice, diarrhea and food poisoning, in addition to constipation. Although various individual pharmacological effects related to the above treatments, such as purgative activity, 2,3) anti-bacterial and anti-fungal activities, 4) anti-tumor activity, 5) anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities, 6,7) improvement of renal disorders, [8][9][10][11] improvement of nitrogen metabolism, 12,13) psychotropic activity, 14) anti-allergic effects, 15,16) anti-cholera toxin activity, 17,18) promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, 19) and the various involved active compounds have been reported, comprehensive chemical study of the composition of bioactive constituents of rhubarb has been rare. Kashiwada et al 20) set up a HPLC method to analyze almost all the phenolic compounds simultaneously, and reported that the majority of the compounds could be separated by a 0.05 M H 3 PO 4 solution-acetonitrile gradient elution system.…”

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confidence: 99%

Development of a High Performance Liquid Chromatographic Method for Systematic Quantitative Analysis of Chemical Constituents in Rhubarb

et al. 2006

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Rhei Rhizoma (rhubarb), called Daio in Japanese, is one of the important herbal drugs. To date, qualitative analysis of its typical laxative components, anthraquinone derivatives including sennoside A, has been used for the qualitative evaluation of rhubarb by means of several analytical methods. 1)However, such evaluation is incomplete because rhubarb has been used for the treatment of "Oketsu" (various syndromes caused by the obstruction of blood circulation such as dysmenorrhoea, hypermenorrhea, hematemesis, lower abdominal pain, etc.), jaundice, diarrhea and food poisoning, in addition to constipation. Although various individual pharmacological effects related to the above treatments, such as purgative activity, 2,3) anti-bacterial and anti-fungal activities, 4) anti-tumor activity, 5) anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities, 6,7) improvement of renal disorders, [8][9][10][11] improvement of nitrogen metabolism, 12,13) psychotropic activity, 14) anti-allergic effects, 15,16) anti-cholera toxin activity, 17,18) promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, 19) and the various involved active compounds have been reported, comprehensive chemical study of the composition of bioactive constituents of rhubarb has been rare. Kashiwada et al. 20) set up a HPLC method to analyze almost all the phenolic compounds simultaneously, and reported that the majority of the compounds could be separated by a 0.05 M H 3 PO 4 solution-acetonitrile gradient elution system. However, several compounds, i.e. procyanidin B-1 3-Ogallate and 1,2,6-trishowed overlapping peaks. In addition, polymeric procyanidins, i.e. RG-tannin and rhatannin, showed serious band broadening and tailing. Therefore, it is still necessary to develop a HPLC method which can be used for the effective separation and quantitative determination of the active components, which would then be used to evaluate the quality of rhubarb samples.In this study, we developed new HPLC methods to analyze 30 compounds (1-30, Fig. 1) in rhubarb, quantitatively, and the contents of the active components were compared in rhubarb samples of different botanical origins. ExperimentalMaterials Three Rhei Rhizoma samples derived from the following species were quantitatively examined: rhizomes of R. tanguticum (Huangnan County, Qinghai Prov., TMPW no. 20065), R. palmatum (Jiulong County, Sichuan Prov., TMPW no. 20216) and R. officinale (Wanyuan County, Sichuan Prov., TMPW no. 20267). The botanical origins of each sample were correctly identified by the molecular biological methods previously reported. 21,22) The rhubarb sample (Qinghai Prov., TMPW no. 19929) used for the isolation of standard compounds was purchased from Uchida Wakanyaku Co., Ltd. (Japan). Voucher specimens have been deposited in the Museum of Materia Medica, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama (TMPW).Chemicals and Reagents Sephadex LH-20 (Amersham Biosciences, Sweden) and reversed phase gel MCI CHP-20P (70-150 mesh, Mitsubishi Chemical Co., Japan) were used for column chromatography. A...

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“…Many constituents besides sennoside A that show mild purgative activity are contained in rhubarb. 14) However, the influence that those constituents present in rhubarb have on the metabolism of sennoside A by intestinal bacteria has not been reported. Therefore, in order to investigate the influence of rhubarb constituents on sennoside A metabolism, the metabolic ratio of sennoside A in rhubarb was compared with that of sennoside A alone.…”

Section: Purification Of Rg As Rhubarb Constituent Affectingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Rhein 8-O-β-D-Glucopyranoside on the Purgative Action of Sennoside A from Rhubarb in Mice

Takayama

Tsutsumi

Ishizu

et al. 2012

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Rhubarb is one of the most well-known herbal medicines that constitute daiokanzoto (DKT), which is clinically effective for constipation. Sennoside A is transformed into an active metabolite, rheinanthrone, by intestinal bacteria. Sennoside A in rhubarb showed significantly accelerated metabolic activity in intestinal bacteria in comparison with sennoside A alone. In this study, we investigated the influence of rhubarb constituents on the metabolism and purgative activity of sennoside A. The 20% MeOH-eluted fraction separated by MCI-gel CHP-20P column chromatography from the water extract of rhubarb showed sennoside A metabolic activity similar to that of rhubarb extract. The 20% MeOH elute was further purified and rhein 8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (RG) was isolated. The metabolic activity of sennoside A was significantly accelerated by increasing the level of RG. Moreover, rhein, emodin and aloe-emodin also accelerated sennoside A metabolism. The purgative activity of sennoside A was significantly accelerated when RG or rhein was concomitantly given with sennoside A in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that anthraquinones contribute to the purgative action of sennoside A in rhubarb. Therefore, it is assumed that the influence of anthraquinones on the fate of rheinanthrone transformed from sennoside A may promote the purgative action of sennoside A. Key words rhubarb; sennoside A; rhein 8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside; anthraquinone; daiokanzotoKampo is traditional Japanese medicine that was developed from traditional medicine originating in ancient China. Kampo medicine involves drugs based on multiple constituents, for which prescriptions are based on the combination of two or more herbal medicines. It is thought that the interaction between each herbal medicine is important for their activity, such as by reinforcing the effect of a medicine and relieving side effects, by pharmacologic or pharmacokinetic action. For example, calcium sulfate from gypsum raises ephedrine alkaloid dissolution in makyokansekito decoction.1,2) A lower glycyrrhizin content in shoseiryuto decoction is attributable to the pH of organic acids in schisandra fruit.3) In addition, the purgative activity increases 1.7-fold compared with that with each medication alone when the mixture ratio of sennosides A and C is 7 : 3. 4)Rhubarb is one of the most well-known herbal medicines that constitute daiokanzoto (DKT), which was demonstrated to be useful for constipation in a clinical double-blind study. 5)The purgative effect of rhubarb is due to sennoside A as the main laxative constituent. Sennoside A is an inactive glycoside, and is transformed to an active metabolite, rheinanthrone, by intestinal bacteria. [6][7][8] We have reported an HPLC method for the determination of sennoside A.9) This method is applicable for determination of the activity of sennoside A metabolism by anaerobic incubation of DKT with mouse feces. By using this method, we found that the activity of sennoside A metabolism in intestinal bacteria was significantly acceler...

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Quantitative analysis of the purgative components of rhubarb and senna.

Cited by 33 publications

References 0 publications

Determination of 19 rhubarb constituents by high‐performance liquid chromatography–ultraviolet–mass spectrometry

Determination of 19 rhubarb constituents by high‐performance liquid chromatography–ultraviolet–mass spectrometry

Development of a High Performance Liquid Chromatographic Method for Systematic Quantitative Analysis of Chemical Constituents in Rhubarb

The Influence of Rhein 8-<i>O</i>-<i>β</i>-<small>D</small>-Glucopyranoside on the Purgative Action of Sennoside A from Rhubarb in Mice

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