Quantitative Analysis of Polymer Additives with MALDI-TOF MS Using an Internal Standard Approach

Abstract

MALDI-TOF MS is used for the qualitative analysis of seven different polymer additives directly from the polymer without tedious sample pretreatment. Additionally, by using a solid sample preparation technique, which avoids the concentration gradient problems known to occur with dried droplets and by adding tetraphenylporphyrine as an internal standard to the matrix, it is possible to perform quantitative analysis of additives directly from the polymer sample.

Pyrolysis Process of Mixed Polypropylene (PP) and High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) Waste with Natural Zeolite as Catalyst

“…Several authors have studied pyrolysis of polymers such as the mixed between polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) (Sakaki, Roozbehani, Shishesaz, & Abdollahkhani, 2014), mixed polymers containing different concentrations of low density polyethylene (LDPE), HDPE, and PP, (Roozbehani, Sakaki, Shishesaz, Abdollahkhani, & Hamedifar, 2015), polystyrene (Moqadam, Mirdrikvand, Roozbehani, Kharaghani, & Shishehsaz, 2015), high density polyethylene (Levine & Broadbelt, 2009), polyolefins wastes (Mastellone & Arena, 2002), polypropylene (Gogotov & Barazov, 2014;Chen et al, 2007;Åkesson et al, 2013;Kumar & Singh, 2014), mixed between high density polyethylene and rubber seed shell (Chin et al, 2014), mixed between PE and PP (Aboulkas et al, 2010), mixed between olive residue with HDPE, (LDPE), (PP), and PS (Aboulkas et al, 2009), municipal plastic waste (MPW) consisting of a mixture of thermoplastics (HDPE, LDPE; PP; PS; and PET (Silvarrey & Phan, 2016), PE (Borusiewicz & Kowalski, 2016), coal and plastics blends ( Zhou, Luo, & Huang, 2009), natural rubber (Al-hartomy et al, 2014), waste HDPE (Schwarzinger, Gabriel, Beimann, & Buchberger, 2012), binary mixtures PP and LDPE (Chowlu, Reddy, & Ghoshal, 2009), mixed between LDPE, HDPE, PP (Donaj, Kaminsky, Buzeto, & Yang, 2012).…”

Effect of antioxidants and light stabilisers on silver migration from nanosilver-polyethylene composite packaging films into food simulants

“…Different additives are added to the polymers to prevent chemical degradation induced by heat or UV light, or to improve a special property of the polymer via a static inhibitor, plasticizer, processing aid, and so on (Schwarzinger et al 2012). For example, antioxidants are applied to retard the degradation of polymers caused by air oxidation (Farajzadeh et al 2008).…”

Elastomer composite based on EPDM reinforced with polyaniline coated curauá fibers prepared by mechanical mixing

“…23 Calibration methods were applied to polymers to study some specific properties like: degree of crystallinity, 24 additive concentrations, 25 composition of processed polymer or blend, 19 moisture content, 26 status of reaction in a reactive extrusion, 27 presence of recycled polymers, 28 and quantification of heavy metals. 29 The presence of chemical groups in polymeric materials can be deduced using its vibrational spectra.…”

“…Experimental techniques, involving calibration methods, are employed to study the properties of polymeric materials, such as: Raman spectroscopy, 18 FTIR (Fourier transformer infrared spectroscopy), NIR (near-infrared) spectroscopy, 19 X-ray fluorescence, 20,21 time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry, 22 and nuclear magnetic resonance. 23 Calibration methods were applied to polymers to study some specific properties like: degree of crystallinity, 24 additive concentrations, 25 composition of processed polymer or blend, 19 moisture content, 26 status of reaction in a reactive extrusion, 27 presence of recycled polymers, 28 and quantification of heavy metals. 29 The presence of chemical groups in polymeric materials can be deduced using its vibrational spectra.…”