Quantitative Analysis of Pedogenic Thresholds and Domains in Volcanic Soils

Bateman, Jesse Bloom; Chadwick, Oliver A.; Vitousek, Peter M.

doi:10.1007/s10021-019-00361-1

Cited by 16 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Similarly, across a Malaysian elevation gradient, MAT increased leaf litterfall concentrations of N but not those of P, K, Ca, or Mg (Proctor et al, 1989). Bateman et al (2019) found that for soils in Hawaii with similarly high water balance, total and exchangeable Ca and Mg were low and varied little with MAT. In a global survey, foliar N and P concentrations decreased with increasing MAT (Reich and Oleksyn, 2004).…”

Section: Live Foliage Nutrient Concentration and Nutrient Resorption mentioning

confidence: 88%

Impact of Mean Annual Temperature on Nutrient Availability in a Tropical Montane Wet Forest

et al. 2020

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Despite growing understanding of how rising temperatures affect carbon cycling, the impact of long-term and whole forest warming on the suite of essential and potentially limiting nutrients remains understudied, particularly for elements other than N and P. Whole ecosystem warming experiments are limited, environmental gradients are often confounded by variation in factors other than temperature, and few studies have been conducted in the tropics. We examined litterfall, live foliar nutrient content, foliar nutrient resorption efficiency (NRE), nutrient return, and foliar nutrient use efficiency (NUE) of total litterfall and live foliage of two dominant trees to test hypotheses about how increasing mean annual temperature (MAT) impacts the availability and ecological stoichiometry of C, N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, Fe, Zn, and Cu in tropical montane wet forests located along a 5.2 • C gradient in Hawaii. Live foliage responded to increasing MAT with increased N and K concentrations, decreased C and Mn concentrations, and no detectable change in P concentration or in foliar NRE. Increases in MAT increased nutrient return via litterfall for N, K, Mg, and Zn and foliar NUE for Mn and Cu, while decreasing nutrient return for Cu and foliar NUE for K. The N:P of litterfall and live foliage increased with MAT, while there was no detectable effect of MAT on C:P. The ratio of live foliar N or P to base cations and micronutrients was variable across elements and species. Increased MAT resulted in declining N:K and P:K for one species, while only P:K declined for the other. N:Ca and N:Mn increased with MAT for both species, while N:Mg increased for one and P:Mn increased for the other species. Overall, results from this study suggest that rising MAT in tropical montane wet forest: (i) increases plant productivity and the cycling and availability of N, K, Mg, and Zn; (ii) decreases the cycling and availability of Mn and Cu; (iii) has little direct effect on P, Ca or Fe; and (iv) affects ecological stoichiometry in ways that may exacerbate P-as well as other base cation and micronutrient-limitations to tropical montane forest productivity.

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Section: Live Foliage Nutrient Concentration and Nutrient Resorption mentioning

confidence: 88%

Impact of Mean Annual Temperature on Nutrient Availability in a Tropical Montane Wet Forest

et al. 2020

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“…The water balance approach, similar to that of Bateman et al (2019), is an estimate of infiltration through the vadose zone; however, it was not employed as the independent variable in Figure 4 as MAP appears to be an equal or better predictor of laterite thickness (Table 1). Because the water balances can have negative values (ET>MAP), regressions were not forced through the origin.…”

Section: Kauaimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Kauai Chadwick et al (2003) and Goodfellow et al (2014) noted precipitation thresholds between~1000 and~1500mma À1 , below which major breaks in laterite thickness and other properties were observed in the Kohala Peninsula of Hawaii ( Figure 4B). Recently, Bateman et al (2019) have suggested that a water balance approach (MAPÀET) for 20ka soils on the nearby Mauna Kea Volcano might be a better threshold indicator. However, the water balance approach is a direct function of MAP and as noted in the Results, rainfall appears to be an equally good or better indicator of saprolite thickness.…”

Section: Laterite Thickness As a Function Of Age And Rainfallmentioning

confidence: 99%

The lateral and vertical growth of laterite weathering profiles, Hawaiian Islands, USA

Nelson

Barton

Burnett

et al. 2020

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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The Hawaiian Islands permit investigation of tropical chemical weathering rates and processes on a single rock type, basalt. Chronosequences are investigated as a function of rainfall due to the varying age of each island, including Kauai (~4 Ma), Oahu (~2 Ma), and Hawaii's Kohala Peninsula (~0.3 to 0.17 Ma). Understanding tropical critical zone (CZ) development is vital given the large populations in developing countries that rely on it. HVSR (horizontal‐to‐vertical spectral ratio) seismic soundings on Kauai indicate that ~60% of the variability in laterite thickness is due to gradients in precipitation, with errors in erosion corrections and variability in the original permeability structure of the volcanic sequence playing important roles. Basalts have higher horizontal than vertical hydraulic conductivity (Kh > Kv), and local variability in KhKv likely drives much of the remaining differences in laterite thickness. HVSR is well suited for estimating laterite thickness as it has been shown to reliably detect the base of the weathering profile, is rapid (20 min/sounding), highly portable, and occupies a very small footprint. Comparison of Kauai and Oahu weathering profiles suggests that the Oahu laterites are fully or nearly fully formed, despite being half the age of Kauai. By contrast, the young laterites on Kohala (~170 to ~300 ka) exhibit greatly contrasting thicknesses, where coastal laterites are thick and interior laterites are thin, suggesting that early weathering on shield volcanoes produces wedge‐shaped laterites near the coast. With time, the thick (coastal) end of the wedge propagates upslope such that a fully developed, constant‐thickness laterite carapace can form in ~2 Ma or less. The development of thickened coastal laterites on young substrates depends on greater water–rock ratios as vertically infiltrating water upslope is diverted laterally. This view of laterite development is very different compared to endmember models of continental weathering and CZ development. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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“…Finally, we applied this model to another climate gradient on Mauna Kea Volcano, Hawai'i; there, rainfall varies from 439 to 5202 mm/year, water balance from -1267 to ? 3810 mm/year, and mean annual temperature from 5.7 to 14.2°C (Bateman et al 2019) (all climate information from Giambelluca et al 2013). The gradients differed in that the Mauna Kea (MK) gradient developed in * 20,000 year old substrate (Bateman et al 2019), while the Kohala (KH) gradient was developed in * 150,000 year old substrate (Chadwick et al 2003), and in that the driest sites were warm leeward sites on KH while the driest sites were cold high elevation sites on MK.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3810 mm/year, and mean annual temperature from 5.7 to 14.2°C (Bateman et al 2019) (all climate information from Giambelluca et al 2013). The gradients differed in that the Mauna Kea (MK) gradient developed in * 20,000 year old substrate (Bateman et al 2019), while the Kohala (KH) gradient was developed in * 150,000 year old substrate (Chadwick et al 2003), and in that the driest sites were warm leeward sites on KH while the driest sites were cold high elevation sites on MK. Temperature, precipitation, and water balance were very highly correlated within each gradient, but we could use the model to separate the effects of temperature vs precipitation (and water balance) on soil properties and N dynamics (especially d 15 N natural abundance) on both gradients.…”

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confidence: 99%

A “toy” model of biogeochemical dynamics on climate gradients

2021

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We used a simple “toy” model to aid in the evaluation of the controls of biogeochemical patterns along a climate gradient. The model includes simplified treatments of water balance (precipitation minus Potential Evapotranspiration), leaching, weathering of cation- and P-bearing minerals, N cycling and loss, biomass production, and biological N fixation. We use δ15N as a central integrator of biogeochemical processes, because δ15N integrates multiple pathways of N input, output, and transformation in ecosystems. The model simulated the location and magnitude of a peak in δ15N on a gradient on Kohala Volcano, Hawai‘i which peaked ~ + 14 ‰ in sites receiving ~ 3.5 cm/month average precipitation (− 1300 mm/year water balance); the model also captured a peak in total P in surface soil at intermediate levels of precipitation and water balance, and other biogeochemical features on the gradient. We then applied the model to understanding the patterns of and mechanisms underlying nutrient limitation to net primary production (NPP) and plant biomass on the gradient, testing for the existence and extent of N and P limitation by simulated additions of N and/or P in the model. Both a simulated symbiotic biological N fixer and a simulated non-fixer were limited by P supply across the gradient; the non-fixer was independently limited by N supply in wetter sites. By running the toy model with and without the influence of temperature, we demonstrated that water is the most important factor shaping biogeochemical patterns on this gradient.

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Quantitative Analysis of Pedogenic Thresholds and Domains in Volcanic Soils

Cited by 16 publications

References 35 publications

Impact of Mean Annual Temperature on Nutrient Availability in a Tropical Montane Wet Forest

Impact of Mean Annual Temperature on Nutrient Availability in a Tropical Montane Wet Forest

The lateral and vertical growth of laterite weathering profiles, Hawaiian Islands, USA

A “toy” model of biogeochemical dynamics on climate gradients

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