Quantitative analysis of nicotine in several cigarette brands, available in Iran

Raisi, Ahmadreza; Alipour, Eskandar; Manouchehri, Sohrab

doi:10.1007/bf02313686

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The mixture was extracted with ether (4 ml) until additional extraction did not show any nicotine peak by gas chromatography (usually this occurred by five extractions). An internal standard of 1 ml (50 mM anthranilamide in methanol) was added to the combined etheral extract, and the mixture was concentrated on a water bath at 45°C to about 2 ml (Raisi et al 1986).…”

Section: Preparation Of Smokeless Tobacco Extract and Quantitation Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Pure Nicotine- and Smokeless Tobacco Extract-Induced Toxicities and Oxidative Stress

Yıldız

Liu

Erçal

et al. 1999

Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology

110

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Abstract. The toxicities and oxidative stress-inducing actions of (Ϫ)-nicotine and smokeless tobacco extract (STE), containing equivalent amounts of nicotine, were studied. Toxicities were determined by colony formation assays using Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. Results indicated that nicotine is less toxic than smokeless tobacco extract that contained the same amount of nicotine. The generation of reactive oxygen species, following treatment with smokeless tobacco extract and nicotine, was assessed by measurement of changes in glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. CHO cells (5 ϫ 10 5 cells/5 ml media) were incubated with 4, 0.8, and 0.08 mg of nicotine and STE containing the same amounts of nicotine. All preparations of smokeless tobacco extract significantly decreased GSH levels and increased MDA generation. However, 0.08 mg of nicotine treatment did not result in a significant change in GSH level, and only 4 mg of nicotine were sufficient to increase MDA generation. Addition of free radical scavenging enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), and an intracellular GSH precursor, N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), replenished the GSH levels in nicotine-treated cells. GSH levels in cells exposed to smokeless tobacco extract containing 4 and 0.8 mg nicotine remained significantly lower than the control with the addition of SOD and CAT. However, co-addition of NAC with smokeless tobacco extract preparations returned the GSH levels to the control level. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities were measured in the media to establish the membrane damage following exposure to smokeless tobacco extract and nicotine. Treatment of cells with 4 mg nicotine caused a significant increase in LDH activity, which was returned to control level in the presence of the antioxidant enzymes and NAC. Smokeless tobacco extract did not change the LDH activity.

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Section: Preparation Of Smokeless Tobacco Extract and Quantitation Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Pure Nicotine- and Smokeless Tobacco Extract-Induced Toxicities and Oxidative Stress

Yıldız

Liu

Erçal

et al. 1999

Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology

110

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In general, this extraction procedure takes into account the basic property of nicotine. Nicotine, being a basic molecule, was extracted in the past using both aqueous and nonaqueous solvents [S, 16,171. More specifically, nicotine from tobacco was extracted using acidic solvents [8-lo].…”

Section: Future Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of high‐performance capillary electrophoresis to the quantitative analysis of nicotine and profiling of other alkaloids in ATF‐regulated tobacco products

Ralapati

1998

Electrophoresis

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Tobacco products regulated by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms (ATF), are classified at different excise tax rates according to the Code of Federal Regulations. These include the smoking (cigars, cigarettes, pipe tobacco and roll-your-own) and smokeless (chewing tobacco and snuff) tobacco products. The active principal components in all tobacco products belong to a class of compounds known as alkaloids. Nicotine is the major tobacco alkaloid, comprising about 98% of the total alkaloids. It is also the primary determinant of what constitutes a tobacco product from a regulatory standpoint. Nornicotine, anabasine and anatabine constitute the minor tobacco alkaloids of importance and interest to ATF. We have previously shown capillary electrophoresis (CE) to be a powerful analytical tool for monitoring nicotine in ATF-regulated products. Here we have extended those CE studies to (i) quantitate nicotine in ATF-regulated tobacco products and (ii) to characterize these different tobacco products according to their alkaloid profiles. Results from these studies will be presented.

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Determination of nicotine in tobacco, tobacco processing environments and tobacco products

Borgerding

Perfetti

Ralapati³

1999

Analytical Determination of Nicotine and Related Compounds and Their Metabolites

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Quantitative analysis of nicotine in several cigarette brands, available in Iran

Cited by 3 publications

References 3 publications

Comparison of Pure Nicotine- and Smokeless Tobacco Extract-Induced Toxicities and Oxidative Stress

Comparison of Pure Nicotine- and Smokeless Tobacco Extract-Induced Toxicities and Oxidative Stress

Application of high‐performance capillary electrophoresis to the quantitative analysis of nicotine and profiling of other alkaloids in ATF‐regulated tobacco products

Determination of nicotine in tobacco, tobacco processing environments and tobacco products

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