Quantitative analysis of landscape changes in geoparks combined with GIS

Abstract

Geoparks are both the concentration of valuable geological remains and an important carrier of tourism activities. Relying on a geographic information system (GIS), this project takes the landscape change of a geopark from 2005 to 2020 as an example, and after processing the remote sensing images, quantitative analysis is carried out by using the landscape pattern index method, which reveals the landscape change characteristics of the sample geopark. The data related to natural and human factors was collected, and the driving factors of landscape changes in geoparks were analyzed by combining probes. The main landscape types of the sample geoparks are cropland, woodland, and rocky desertification land, and the study period presents landscape changes of decreasing cropland area (22.96%), fluctuating woodland area, and increasing desertification area (37.40%), and the development of the park landscape changes presents irregularity and complexity. The main drivers of landscape change in geoparks are geological conditions, topography and geomorphology, vegetation, economic development capacity, and ecological environment quality (q value = 0.438~0.521), of which economic development capacity and ecological environment quality play a dominant role in the interaction of factors (0.86).