Quantitative Analysis of Bioactive Carbazole Alkaloids in Murraya koenigii (L.) from Six Different Climatic Zones of India Using UPLC/MS/MS and Their Principal Component Analysis

Abstract

Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng (Curry leaf) is a commercially important medicinal plant in South Asia, containing therapeutically valuable carbazole alkaloids (CAs). Thus, the quantitative evaluation of these compounds from different climatic zones of India are an important aspect for quality assessment and economic isolation of targeted compounds from the plant. In this study, quantitative estimation of CAs among 34 Indian natural populations of M. koenigii was assessed using UPLC/MS/MS. The collected populations represent the humid subtropical, tropical wet & dry, tropical wet, semi-arid, arid, and montane climatic zones of India. A total of 11 CAs viz. koenine-I, murrayamine A, koenigine, koenimbidine, koenimbine, O-methylmurrayamine A, girinimbine, mahanine, 8,8''-biskoenigine, isomahanimbine, and mahanimbine were quantified using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) experiments within 5.0 min. The respective range for natural abundance of CAs were observed as 0.

Isolation and Quantification of the Hepatoprotective Flavonoids From Scleromitron diffusum (Willd.) R. J. Wang With Bio-Enzymatic Method Against NAFLD by UPLC–MS/MS

“…Therefore, a comprehensive method must be established to quantify the flavonoid content and screen out potential differential components. UPLC-MS/MS is a highly efficient and preferred technique for TCM ( Nandan et al, 2021 ; Verma et al, 2021 ) and pharmacokinetics study ( Chen et al, 2021 ; Zhang Z. et al, 2021 ; Lee et al, 2021 ; Wang et al, 2021 ; Zhang et al, 2022 ). In our study, the application combining UPLC-MS/MS and multivariate statistical methods was used to isolate and quantify flavonoids prepared by different methods, followed by differential components screened.…”

Calixarenes and cyclodextrins as off- and on-fluorescence probes for carbazole

“…Some others report better LOD by SPE-RTP with a laborious procedure(0.015) [36], or with SPE-GC-MS, depending on the type of SPE (10 32 and 1 31 ). Also, much lower LOD have been published, for example, based on solid phase disk extraction-GC-MS (0.001) [52], or by a tandem method by UPLC/MS/MS (0.003) [53].…”

Identification of microRNAs from Medicinal Plant Murraya koenigii by High-Throughput Sequencing and Their Functional Implications in Secondary Metabolite Biosynthesis

“…Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng ( Rutaceae ) is a subtropical medicinal plant native to Asia and distributed throughout the subcontinent of India [ 1 ]. This plant has a great commercial value since it produces several important therapeutic compounds, including carbazole alkaloids [ 2 ] (only a few plant species can produce carbazole alkaloids, and the most significant one is M. koenigii ). Different parts of the M. koenigii plant are widely used for treating a variety of ailments such as fever, diarrhea, diabetes, skin eruptions, venomous bites, renal pain, inflammation, and cholesterol management, among others, and have been used in Ayurvedic, Unani, and homeopathic medicine for centuries [ 3 , 4 ].…”