Quantitation of mycobacteria in blood specimens from patients with AIDS

Sanchez, Tracy; Vanderkolk, J.; Seay, Sarah A.; Heifets, Leonid

doi:10.1016/0962-8479(94)90087-6

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…avium complex was isolated on 7H11 agar, in 7H12 broth by a radiometric method, or by a combination of the two methods. 11 Blood cultures were performed at a central laboratory in each of the four countries with centers participating in the study: the Public Health Laboratory Service, Dulwich Hospital, in London; the Mycobacteriology Laboratory, National Jewish Center for Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, in Denver; the Institute for Experimental Biology and Medicine, in Borstel, Germany; and the Central Laboratory for Bacteriology and Virology, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, in Paris. Positive cultures were shipped to the Mycobacteriology Laboratory in Denver for clarithromycin-sensitivity tests of isolates in 7H12 broth, by a previously described method.…”

Section: Cultures and Drug-sensitivity Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Randomized Trial of Clarithromycin as Prophylaxis against DisseminatedMycobacterium aviumComplex Infection in Patients with Advanced Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Pierce¹,

Crampton²,

Henry³

et al. 1996

N Engl J Med

286

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Background Disseminated infection with Mycobacterium avium complex is the most common opportunistic infection in patients with advanced stages of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). We studied the efficacy and safety of prophylactic treatment with clarithromycin, a macrolide antibiotic. MethodsWe conducted a randomized, placebocontrolled, double-blind study of clarithromycin in patients with AIDS in the United States and Europe. Entry criteria included blood cultures that were negative for M. avium complex, a Karnofsky performance score of 50 or higher, a CD4 cell count of 100 or less per cubic millimeter, and a life expectancy of at least six months.

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Section: Cultures and Drug-sensitivity Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Randomized Trial of Clarithromycin as Prophylaxis against DisseminatedMycobacterium aviumComplex Infection in Patients with Advanced Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Pierce¹,

Crampton²,

Henry³

et al. 1996

N Engl J Med

286

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“…Such a sample can be used for either culture isolation only, or quantitation of the bacterial load in blood (quantitative culture), or both, as a tool for monitoring the patient's response to therapy. 44,45 It is important, that the properly processed specimen is inoculated into both liquid medium and agar plates (rather than only on the Löwenstein-Jensen slant).…”

Section: Disseminated Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycobacterial Infections Caused by Nontuberculous Mycobacteria

Heifets

2004

Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine

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The purpose of this review is to familiarize a broad range of medical professionals with a relatively new and growing problem of infections caused by mycobacteria other than M. tuberculosis and M. leprae. There are at least 60 mycobacterial species that have been identified as causative agents of diseases in humans. They are all environmental bacteria, and they are not transmitted from person to person. The usual source of infection is water, soil, and aerosols developed from these sources. The probability of contracting such a disease depends not only on the closeness of interaction with an environment containing an enhanced concentration of bacteria but also and foremost on the sensitivity of an individual to these infections, which may depend on the state of immunity and other so-called predisposing conditions. Therefore, these infections are often referred to as opportunistic, and the group of organisms causing them are usually referred to as nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). This review addresses in a condensed form various aspects of these infections, including bacteriology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and therapy. The reader will be able to find more details on each of these topics in several reviews and some original papers cited in this article.

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“…cally [20]. All microbiological assessments were conducted Patients eligible for enrollment were men, nonpregnant and at the central laboratories (Public Health Laboratory Service, nonlactating women, and children over the age of 12 years, all Dulwich Hospital, London [for England]; Mycobacteriology of whom were infected with HIV.…”

Section: Patient Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clarithromycin Resistance and Susceptibility Patterns ofMycobacterium aviumStrains Isolated During Prophylaxis for Disseminated Infection in Patients with AIDS

Craft¹,

Notario²,

Grosset³

et al. 1998

CLIN INFECT DIS

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A randomized, placebo-controlled trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of clarithromycin in the prevention of disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection in patients with AIDS; special attention was given to the development of clarithromycin resistance. The median time to documented MAC bacteremia was 199 days for placebo-treated patients, 217 days for clarithromycin-treated patients infected with clarithromycin-susceptible MAC, and 385 days for clarithromycin-treated patients infected with clarithromycin-resistant MAC. Most of the patients with clarithromycin-resistant isolates (91%) had a baseline CD4 T-cell count of õ20/mL, while these low counts occurred in only 25% of patients having clarithromycin-susceptible breakthrough isolates. The emergence of clarithromycin resistance did not affect the total period of survival. Resistance to clarithromycin in breakthrough MAC isolates emerges most likely when the patient is extremely immunodeficient at the time of initiation of the preventative therapy.

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Quantitation of mycobacteria in blood specimens from patients with AIDS

Cited by 12 publications

References 6 publications

A Randomized Trial of Clarithromycin as Prophylaxis against DisseminatedMycobacterium aviumComplex Infection in Patients with Advanced Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

A Randomized Trial of Clarithromycin as Prophylaxis against DisseminatedMycobacterium aviumComplex Infection in Patients with Advanced Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Mycobacterial Infections Caused by Nontuberculous Mycobacteria

Clarithromycin Resistance and Susceptibility Patterns ofMycobacterium aviumStrains Isolated During Prophylaxis for Disseminated Infection in Patients with AIDS

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