Quantitation of glycolate in urine by ion-chromatography

Wandzilak, T. R.; Hagen, L.; Hughes, H.; Sutton, R. A. L.; Smith, Lynwood H.; Williams, Hibbard E.

doi:10.1038/ki.1991.94

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In addition, there has been a recent report of elevated urine glycolate as the result of GO deficiency, although this disorder appears to be an incidental finding without a clinical phenotype. 30 The range of glycolate:creatinine ratios in the control group in this dataset was similar to previously reported ranges by a variety of methods: 20-107 mol/mmol by GCMS, 12 13-80 and 13-90 mol/mmol by ion-chromatography, 29,31 22-125 mol/mmol by chromotropic acid 32 but was somewhat higher than the levels reported using GO (4-41 mol/mmol). 33 This suggests that the positive bias we found with respect to the GO method may be attributed to under-recovery of glycolate by GO.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…18 Another published GCMS method gave a mean of 239 mol/mmol (range 79-418) in seven PH1 cases, 12 and an ion-chromatographic method gave a mean of 318 mol/mmol (range 112-555) in six PH1 cases. 29 However, glycolate was not a completely sensitive marker for PH1 because not all patients had elevated levels; this corroborates earlier findings that up to a quarter of patients with proven PH1 have normal urine glycolate excretion. 5 The differential excretion in oxalate and glycolate may reflect inter-individual variation in the relative activities of LDH and GR for glyoxylate metabolism.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

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Simultaneous analysis of urinary metabolites for preliminary identification of primary hyperoxaluria

2015

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Simultaneous analysis of urinary metabolites for preliminary identification of primary hyperoxaluria

2015

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“…There is now a choice of accurate and reproducible methods for the measurement of urinary oxalate; the enzyme kit methods are currently the most widely used [14]. Urinary glycolate, which is of some value in differentiating the many causes of hyperoxaluria, can also be reliably measured [63][64][65], but the assay is not widely available. Urinary glycolate, which is of some value in differentiating the many causes of hyperoxaluria, can also be reliably measured [63][64][65], but the assay is not widely available.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxalate and urolithiasis

Sutton¹

1997

The Management of Lithiasis

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The importance of oxalic acid in medicine derives from the extreme insolubility of its calcium salt in water, at around 12 mg or 0.13 mM per litre, which is affected little by pH above 5, but increases as the pH falls below 5 [I]. Because calcium and oxalate require to be excreted in substantial quantities by the kidneys, averaging 4-5 mM and 0.3 mM per day respectively in the adult, urinary supersaturation with calcium oxalate is the norm. Complex and elaborate mechanisms exist to prevent the formation, growth and agglomeration of crystals in the urinary tract. processes which are believed to be precursors of stone formation.Calcium oxalate is the major constituent of over 70% of upper urinary tract stones. In calcium-containing stones, oxalate is most commonly the major anion, with varying amounts of calcium phosphate. Pure calcium oxalate stones are common, whereas predominantly calcium phosphate stones are less frequent « 10%). It has generally been assumed that the determination of the relative amounts of oxalate versus phosphate in idiopathic calcium stones is of little clinical value. Gault et al. [2], using a semiquantitative infrared analytical method [3 J, have recently addressed this issue in detail, and found that phosphate stones (oxalate: phosphate ratio < I) are commoner in females, tend to be larger than predominantly oxalate stones (oxalate: phosphate> 10), and in about 250/c of patients are associated with a defect in urinary acidification. These patients did not have complete distal renal tubular acidosis, and most did not have hypocitraturia. It is unclear whether these patients should receive different therapy from the commoner idiopathic calcium oxalate stone former [4]. Aside from these idiopathic calcium phosphate stone formers, calcium phosphate stones are usual in complete distal renal tubular acidosis (RTA), and are common (though less so than calcium oxalate) in primary hyperparathyroidism [5]. Sources of urinary oxalateIt is generally stated that in normal man, some 40% of urinary oxalate is derived from serine and glycine via glyoxylate, 40% from ascorbic acid via as yet uncertain metabolic intermediates, and 5-10% from dietary oxalate. An average (Western) 1. Talati et al. (eds) The Manar;ement of Lithiasis. 57-68

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“…The glycolate:creatinine ratios in PH1 patients and controls produced by our method were similar to those previously reported. [10][11][12] Glycolate was not a completely sensitive nor specific marker for PH1 since not all PH1 patients had elevated levels -a finding that has been previously documented. 7 This situation possibly reflects inter-individual variation of enzymes including glycolate oxidase, LDH and GR involved in endogenous glycolate and glyoxylate metabolism as well as a dietary contribution.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Rapid liquid chromatography tandem mass-spectrometry screening method for urinary metabolites of primary hyperoxaluria

et al. 2018

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Background The primary hyperoxalurias are inherited disorders of glyoxylate metabolism that lead to overproduction of oxalate, urolithiasis and renal failure. Delays in diagnosis can be costly in terms of preserving renal function. Here we present a rapid liquid chromatography tandem mass-spectrometry screening method for the analysis of metabolites (primary hyperoxaluria metabolites) produced in excess by primary hyperoxaluria patients that include glycolate, glycerate and 2,4-dihydroxyglutarate. Methods Assay performance was compared to our existing gas chromatography–mass spectrometry method and clinical utility established by analysis of urine samples from patients with confirmed primary hyperoxalurias (11 PH1, 12 PH2 and 8 PH3) and controls ( n = 12). An additional 67 urine samples from patients with PH3 were used postvalidation to confirm the derived 2,4-dihydroxyglutarate cut-off. Results Glycolate, glycerate and 2,4-dihydroxyglutarate showed a mean bias of 3.3, −22.8 and 5.7%, respectively, compared to our previously published gas chromatography–mass spectrometry method. The mean total imprecision for glycolate, glycerate and 2,4-dihydroxyglutarate was shown to be 6.4, 10 and 11%, respectively. Clinical assessment confirmed that mean urinary glycolate, glycerate and 2,4-dihydroxyglutarate excretion were significantly elevated in patients with PH1, PH2 and PH3, respectively. The greatest sensitivity and specificity for PH1, PH2 and PH3 was achieved at cut-offs of 193, 100 and 4.9 μmol/mmol for glycolate, glycerate and 2,4-dihydroxyglutarate, respectively. Conclusions A rapid screening method for the identification and differentiation of patients with suspected PH1, PH2 and PH3 is presented that allows focussing of genetic testing, saving time, money and, with earlier treatment, potential preservation of renal function for these patients.

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Quantitation of glycolate in urine by ion-chromatography

Cited by 16 publications

References 22 publications

Simultaneous analysis of urinary metabolites for preliminary identification of primary hyperoxaluria

Simultaneous analysis of urinary metabolites for preliminary identification of primary hyperoxaluria

Oxalate and urolithiasis

Rapid liquid chromatography tandem mass-spectrometry screening method for urinary metabolites of primary hyperoxaluria

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