Quantitation of aliphatic suberin in
            <i>Quercus suber</i>
            L. cork by FTIR spectroscopy and solid‐state
            <sup>13</sup>
            C‐NMR spectroscopy

Lopes, Marta; Neto, Carlos Pascoal; Barros, António S.; Rutledge, Douglas; Delgadillo, Ivonne; Gil, Ana M.

doi:10.1002/1097-0282(2000)57:6<344::aid-bip40>3.0.co;2-#

Cited by 52 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…2,17 Using histochemistry and microscopy to compare the development of CSs vibration of methylene groups (CH 2 ) appeared at 2,924, 2,855; 2,922, 2,854 and 2,922, 2,854 cm -1 in the spectra of OPR, and 2,924, 2,854; 2,923, 2,854 and 2,924, 2,855 cm -1 in spectra of CSs in Liaohan 109, Tianfeng 202 and Nipponbare, respectively, which contain suberin. 24 As shown in Figure 3A and B, many absorption peaks significantly overlapped from 1,800 cm -1 to 1,000 cm -1…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…In addition, it has been reported that IR absorption corresponding to the vibrations associated with unsaturated bonds or aromatic compounds may be related to the occurrence of lignin and ester-linked aromatics in suberin. 24 From the above analyses, the IR data indicate major contributions of aliphatic suberin, lignin, cell wall carbohydrates and cell wall proteins to the structure of the outer part and endodermal CSs in all three rice cultivars.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

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Development of Casparian strip in rice cultivars

Cai

Chen

Zhou

et al. 2011

Plant Signaling & Behavior

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Plant roots are in direct contact with the soil environment and thus particularly affected by unfavorable conditions. To withstand the surrounding environment, roots have developed anatomical and physiological adaptations. The development of Casparian strips (CSs) in the root endo-and exodermis is one such strategy. [1][2][3] In roots of most species, the sequence of development of the endo-and exodermis is roughly the same and involves two consecutive developmental stages: (1) formation of CSs in radial and transverse walls impregnating the primary cell wall pores with lipophilic and aromatic substances and (2) deposition of suberin lamellae to the inner surface of anticlinal and tangential cell walls. [4][5][6] A major function of the CS is to block the non-selective apoplastic bypass flow of water and ions into the stele.3 Therefore, the structure, 7-9 chemical nature, [10][11][12] and physiological function 13,14 of endo-and exdodermal CSs in roots have been the focus of many investigations. Although oxygen loss, drought and salinity can influence the development and chemical nature of CSs in different rice cultivars, [15][16][17][18][19] few investigations have considered the development and formation of endo-and exdodermal CSs in the roots of rice cultivars with different salt tolerance under normal growing conditions.In the present paper, light microscopy and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy were used to examine the cytochemistry and root anatomy of isolated CSs. The aim was to compare anatomical development and chemical characteristics of the endoand exdodermal CSs of three rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars having different salt tolerance in north China: the salt-tolerant Liaohan 109 and two widely grown cultivars, Tianfeng 202 and Nipponbare.The development of casparian strips (cSs) on the endo-and exodermis and their chemical components in roots of three cultivars of rice (Oryza sativa) with different salt tolerance were compared using histochemistry and Fourier transform infrared (FTIr) spectroscopy. The development and deposition of suberin lamellae of cSs on the endo-and exodermis in the salt-tolerant cultivar Liaohan 109 was earlier than in the moderately tolerant cultivar Tianfeng 202 and the sensitive cultivar Nipponbare. The detection of chemical components indicated major contributions to the structure of the outer part from aliphatic suberin, lignin and cell wall proteins and carbohydrates to the rhizodermis, exodermis, sclerenchyma and one layer of cortical cells in series (OPr) and the endodermal casparian strip. Moreover, the amounts of these major chemical components in the outer part of the Liaohan 109 root were higher than in Tianfeng 202 and Nipponbare, but there was no distinct difference in endodermal cSs among the three rice cultivars. The results suggest that the exodermis of the salt-tolerant cultivar Liaohan 109 functions as a barrier for resisting salt stress. Development of Casparian strips and suberin lamellae on the endo-and exodermis. Casparian strips in the end...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Development of Casparian strip in rice cultivars

Cai

Chen

Zhou

et al. 2011

Plant Signaling & Behavior

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“…The spectra of residue 1 ( Figure 4A (6,7,9,10). The signals at 170-180 ppm should arise from carbonyl resonances possibly present in aromatic structures and/or polysaccharides such as pectin or hemicellulose or, eventually, of suberin components.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suberin of Potato (Solanum tuberosum Var. Nikola): Comparison of the Effect of Cutinase CcCut1 with Chemical Depolymerization

Järvinen¹,

Silvestre²,

Holopainen³

et al. 2009

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Chemical and enzymatic depolymerizations of suberin isolated from potato peel (Solanum tuberosum var. Nikola) were performed under various conditions. Enzymatic hydrolysis with cutinase CcCut1 and chemical methanolysis with NaOMe of suberin yielded monomeric fragments, which were identified as TMS derivatives with GC-MS and GC-FID. The solid, hydrolysis-resistant residues were analyzed with solid state 13 C CPMAS NMR, FT-IR, and microscopic methods. Methanolysis released more CHCl 3 -soluble material than the cutinase treatment when determined gravimetrically. Interestingly, cutinase-catalyzed hydrolysis produced higher proportions of aliphatic monomers than hydrolysis with the NaOMe procedure when analyzed by GC in the form of TMS derivatives. Monomers released by the two methods were mainly R,ω-dioic acids and ω-hydroxy acids, but the ratios of the detected monomers were different, at 40.0 and 32.7% for methanolysis and 64.6 and 8.2% for cutinase, respectively. Thus, cutinase CcCut1 showed higher activity toward ester bonds of R,ω-dioic acids than toward the bonds of ω-hydroxy acids. The most abundant monomeric compounds were octadec-9-ene-1,18-dioic acid and 18-hydroxyoctadec-9-enoic acid, which accounted for ca. 37 and 28% of all monomers, respectively. The results of the analyses of the chemical and enzymatic hydrolysis products were supported by the spectroscopic analyses with FT-IR and CPMAS 13 C NMR together with the analysis of the microstructures of the hydrolysis residues by light and confocal microscopy.

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“…Despite intensive analyses of the compositions of suberin in different species (10)(11)(12)(13), details about the biosynthesis and deposition of the monomeric precursors of suberin, and the macromolecular assembly of its components, are not entirely understood. Some progress recently was made toward clarifying the biosynthesis of aliphatic suberin and of cutin, a related lipid polymer.…”

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confidence: 99%

A hydroxycinnamoyltransferase responsible for synthesizing suberin aromatics in Arabidopsis

Gou

Liu

2009

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

155

144

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Suberin, a polyester polymer in the cell wall of terrestrial plants, controls the transport of water and nutrients and protects plant from pathogenic infections and environmental stresses. Structurally, suberin consists of aliphatic and aromatic domains; p-hydroxycinnamates, such as ferulate, p-coumarate, and/or sinapate, are the major phenolic constituents of the latter. By analyzing the ''wallbound'' phenolics of mutant lines of Arabidopsis deficient in a family of acyl-CoA dependent acyltransferase (BAHD) genes, we discovered that the formation of aromatic suberin in Arabidopsis, primarily in seed and root tissues, depends on a member of the BAHD superfamily of enzymes encoded by At5g41040. This enzyme exhibits anhydroxyacid hydroxycinnamoyltransferase activity with an in vitro kinetic preference for feruloyl-CoA and 16-hydroxypalmitic acid. Knocking down or knocking out the At5g41040 gene in Arabidopsis reduces specifically the quantity of ferulate in suberin, but does not affect the accumulation of p-coumarate or sinapate. The loss of the suberin phenolic differentially affects the aliphatic monomer loads and alters the permeability and sensitivity of seeds and roots to salt stress. This highlights the importance of suberin aromatics in the polymer's function.BAHD superfamily ͉ wall-bound phenolics L and plants have evolved different mechanical/defensive machineries to reinforce their cell wall integrity and rigidity to protect themselves from various environmental stresses (1). Along with well recognized lignification, cell wall suberization is another physiologically important strategy to regulate the apoplastic transport of water and solutes and to protect the plant from the invasion of pathogens (1-3).Suberin occurs in the cell walls of external and internal plant tissues. Suberized cells primarily are present in underground tissues (e.g., epidermis, endodermis, exodermis, root and tube phellem), in the coats of mature seeds, in the bundle-sheath cells, and in the phellem of aerial tissues that undergo secondary thickening (2, 4).Structurally, suberin is a complex lipophilic polymer, containing a fatty acid-derived domain (aliphatic suberin) and a (poly)hydroxycinnamate domain (aromatic suberin). The aliphatic suberin is a 3D, glycerol-bridged polyester network, comprised primarily of -hydroxyacids and ␣, -dicarboxylic acids, with chain lengths ranging from C-16 to C-32 (mainly C-18). They exist as discrete components between the plasmalemma and the primary cell wall matrix (2, 3, 5). The aromatic domain is principally composed of p-hydroxycinnamates (e.g., ferulate, p-coumarate, and sinapate) and their derivatives and possibly a low level of monolignols (4, 6). The abundance of those phenolics detected in the suberized tissues varies in different species and ranges as high as approximately 10% of total suberin content (3). The aromatic units of suberin are covalently linked with the aliphatic domain through ester bonds. These aromatic units are then presumably polymerized via radical coupling reactions...

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Quantitation of aliphatic suberin in Quercus suber L. cork by FTIR spectroscopy and solid‐state ¹³ C‐NMR spectroscopy

Cited by 52 publications

References 27 publications

Development of Casparian strip in rice cultivars

Development of Casparian strip in rice cultivars

Suberin of Potato (Solanum tuberosum Var. Nikola): Comparison of the Effect of Cutinase CcCut1 with Chemical Depolymerization

A hydroxycinnamoyltransferase responsible for synthesizing suberin aromatics in Arabidopsis

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Quantitation of aliphatic suberin in Quercus suber L. cork by FTIR spectroscopy and solid‐state 13 C‐NMR spectroscopy

Cited by 52 publications

References 27 publications

Development of Casparian strip in rice cultivars

Development of Casparian strip in rice cultivars

Suberin of Potato (Solanum tuberosum Var. Nikola): Comparison of the Effect of Cutinase CcCut1 with Chemical Depolymerization

A hydroxycinnamoyltransferase responsible for synthesizing suberin aromatics in Arabidopsis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

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Quantitation of aliphatic suberin in Quercus suber L. cork by FTIR spectroscopy and solid‐state ¹³ C‐NMR spectroscopy