Quantifying urban water supply security under global change

Krueger, Elisabeth; Rao, P. Suresh C.; Borchardt, Dietrich

doi:10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2019.03.009

Cited by 76 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…To disentangle these dimensions, we present an integrated quantitative framework with distinct definitions for security, resilience, and sustainability. We employ the Capital Portfolio Approach (CPA) developed for quantifying security and resilience [20,21], and we add here another dimension to the framework to quantify local and global sustainability of UWSS. Our analysis is guided by the proposition that the way in which system functions are achieved determines its sustainability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As the third in a trilogy of papers, we apply the new framework to assess local and global sustainability of UWSS of seven diverse cities, whose security and resilience have been investigated previously [20,21]. We compare results across these diverse cities to understand trends in SRS, and integrate the three concepts to analyze their balance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Balancing security, resilience, and sustainability of urban water supply systems in a desirable operating space

Krueger

Borchardt

Jawitz

et al. 2020

Environ. Res. Lett.

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The security, resilience, and sustainability of urban water supply systems (UWSS) are challenged by global change pressures, including climate and land use changes, rapid urbanization, and population growth. Building on prior work on UWSS security and resilience, we quantify the sustainability of UWSS based on the performance of local sustainable governance and the size of global water and ecological footprints. We develop a new framework that integrates security, resilience, and sustainability to investigate trade-offs between these three distinct and inter-related dimensions. Security refers to the level of services, resilience is the system's ability to respond to and recover from shocks, and sustainability refers to local and global impacts, and to the long-term viability of system services. Security and resilience are both relevant at local scale (city and surroundings), while for sustainability cross-scale and -sectoral feedbacks are important. We apply the new framework to seven cities selected from diverse hydro-climatic and socio-economic settings on four continents. We find that UWSS security, resilience, and local sustainability coevolve, while global sustainability correlates negatively with security. Approaching these interdependent goals requires governance strategies that balance the three dimensions within desirable and viable operating spaces. Cities outside these boundaries risk system failure in the short-term, due to lack of security and resilience, or face longterm consequences of unsustainable governance strategies. We discuss these risks in the context of poverty and rigidity traps. Our findings have strong implications for policy-making, strategic management, and for designing systems to operate sustainably at local and global scales.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Balancing security, resilience, and sustainability of urban water supply systems in a desirable operating space

Krueger

Borchardt

Jawitz

et al. 2020

Environ. Res. Lett.

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“…Robustness of public and total services ( RP public = { W R , I R , P R , F R } and RP total = { W R , I R , P R , F R , A R }) and acute and chronic risk of shocks represent additional dimensions used for the parameterization of the model. Availability, robustness, and risk are determined for each of the five capitals using scored and aggregated attributes, which are compiled across the five capitals in a hierarchical aggregation procedure using additive and mixed additive and multiplicative aggregation methods (Krueger et al, ). An overview of adequate aggregation methods is provided in Langhans et al ().…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The spatial boundaries of the urban systems include both formal and informal settlements of a metropolitan area or municipality, depending on the case study. Services are aggregated across areas of high and low (or no) services, to reflect the reality of many urban areas worldwide (see Krueger et al, for details). The model framework of Klammler et al () is parameterized based on the CPA framework presented in Krueger et al ().…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Services are aggregated across areas of high and low (or no) services, to reflect the reality of many urban areas worldwide (see Krueger et al, for details). The model framework of Klammler et al () is parameterized based on the CPA framework presented in Krueger et al (). Results by the former showed the existence of multiple stable states in the interaction of infrastructure services and adaptive management, as well as contingency of services on stochastic shock regimes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Resilience Dynamics of Urban Water Supply Security and Potential of Tipping Points

et al. 2019

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Cities are the drivers of socioeconomic innovation and are also forced to address the accelerating risk of failure in providing essential services such as water supply today and in the future. Here, we investigate the resilience of urban water supply security, which is defined in terms of the services that citizens receive. The resilience of services is determined by the availability and robustness of critical system elements or “capitals” (water resources, infrastructure, finances, management efficacy, and community adaptation). We translate quantitative information about this portfolio of capitals from seven contrasting cities on four continents into parameters of a coupled system dynamics model. Water services are disrupted by recurring stochastic shocks, and we simulate the dynamics of impact and recovery cycles. Resilience emerges under various constraints, expressed in terms of each city's capital portfolio. Systematic assessment of the parameter space produces the urban water resilience landscape, and we determine the position of each city along a continuous gradient from water insecure and nonresilient to secure and resilient systems. In several cities stochastic disturbance regimes challenge steady‐state conditions and drive system collapse. While water insecure and nonresilient cities risk being pushed into a poverty trap, cities which have developed excess capitals risk being trapped in rigidity and crossing a tipping point from high to low services and collapse. Where public services are insufficient, community adaptation improves water security and resilience to varying degrees. Our results highlight the need for resilience thinking in the governance of urban water systems under global change pressures.

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A review of 80 assessment tools measuring water security

Octavianti

Staddon

2021

WIREs Water

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Scholars and practitioners have been working on methodologies to measure water security at a variety of scale and focus. In this paper, we critically examine the landscape of water security metrics, discussing the progress and gaps of this rich scholarship. We reviewed a total of 107 publications consisting of 17 conceptual papers and 90 methodological papers that propose 80 metrics to measure water security and observed that there are two dominant research clusters in this field: experiential scale‐based metrics and resource‐based metrics. The former mainly focus on measuring the water experiences of households and its impact on human well‐being, while the majority of the latter assess freshwater availability or water resources security. We compare their approaches and the arguments used to develop them. We posit that the more local the scale and the more specific the water domain, the more meaningful results that the metrics can provide. Acknowledging the interrelationship between different water domains (e.g., water resources and water hazards) is important, but their aggregation for measurement may be problematic. We offer our views on future work in this field relating to topics beyond water, the need to conduct validation tests, and collaboration among academics and with other stakeholders. This article is categorized under: Human Water > Human Water

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Quantifying urban water supply security under global change

Cited by 76 publications

References 36 publications

Balancing security, resilience, and sustainability of urban water supply systems in a desirable operating space

Balancing security, resilience, and sustainability of urban water supply systems in a desirable operating space

Resilience Dynamics of Urban Water Supply Security and Potential of Tipping Points

A review of 80 assessment tools measuring water security

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