Quantifying transpirable soil water and its relations to tree water use dynamics in a water‐limited pine forest

Klein, Tamir; Rotenberg, Eyal; Cohen-Hilaleh, Ella; Raz‐Yaseef, Naama; Tatarinov, Fyodor; Preisler, Yakir; Ogée, Jérôme; Cohen, Shabtai; Yakir, Dan

doi:10.1002/eco.1360

Cited by 83 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…This supports the idea that the surface layer is the most important layer regarding water availability in the Caatinga biome for several reasons: it receives ephemeral pulses of rainfall; it contains the highest root length density; and it shows the most favorable hydraulic properties for water Caatinga forest, where the upper layer supplied up to 90% of the total water requirement . Other authors have also found transpiration to be controlled by soil water content of the surface layer KLEIN et al, 2014b;LIU et al, 2011;.…”

Section: Sampling Sitesmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…The concept of pulse water availability of short duration for arid regions has been reported, e.g., by Lauenroth et al (2014), Reynolds et al (2000), Sala and Lauenroth (1982) and Williams et al (2009). Klein et al (2014b) found that variability of hydraulic properties with soil depth plays an important role in water availability for plants, particularly in water-limited ecosystems. Table 4.5 and Figure 4.2 suggest that for the Caatinga biome the surface layer allows root water uptake to occur at lower (more negative) water potentials than in deeper layers.…”

Section: Sampling Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These values show the low sensitivity of available water to the lower limiting pressure head, analogous to the low sensitivity of the permanent wilting point to the corresponding pressure head (e.g., SAVAGE et al, 1996). It is therefore suggested that, in order for a vegetation to adapt to dry soils without capillary rise from a water table, natural vegetation is more likely to invest in shallower and denser root systems and in the enforcement of stomatal closure, but not in structures that allow a reduction of the lower suction limit in root tissues (CASTELLANOS et al, 1991;KLEIN et al, 2014b). The optimal strategy under capillary rise scenarios is not answerable by this theory.…”

Section: Limiting Pressure Headmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In agricultural areas, a less negative limiting pressure head results in higher rainfed yields, whereas in irrigated agriculture it implies a lower cost to obtain optimized yields. Assessment of soil-water dynamic availability to plants over depth, especially in dry regions, is necessary to evaluate strengths and restrictions of ecosystems given the expected increase in water limitation due to environmental changes projected to occur on some large regions of the globe (KLEIN et al, 2014b;. According to Marengo et al (2012), the whole Brazilian territory is likely to face rainfall reductions and higher temperatures in the coming years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Soil water hydraulic properties usually vary with depth (DOMEC et al, 2010;KLEIN et al, 2014b), therefore, the amount of transpirable water is not necessarily distributed homogenously over the rooting zone. In this context, we aimed to further develop the singlelayer Mlim equation proposed by De Jong van Lier et al (2006), making it applicable to multilayer scenarios.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrological modeling of soil-water availability in the Caatinga biome

Pinheiro¹

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Section: Sampling Sitesmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Sampling Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Limiting Pressure Headmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrological modeling of soil-water availability in the Caatinga biome

Pinheiro¹

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Fine‐scale stand structure mediates drought‐induced tree mortality in pinyon–juniper woodlands

Flake

2018

Ecological Applications

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Severe drought has resulted in widespread tree die‐off events in forests and woodlands globally and is forecast to become more frequent in coming decades. Tree mortality is a complex process influenced by climate, soils, characteristics of individual trees, interactions between trees, and the dynamics of pests and pathogens. The role of stand structure and stand density in mediating the resistance of trees to drought remains poorly understood, especially in semiarid woodlands, which are expected to be highly susceptible to future severe drought. We sampled permanent plots in central Nevada woodlands dominated by single‐leaf pinyon pine and Utah juniper before and after a severe multi‐year drought (2013–2015) to investigate the importance of climate, tree attributes, and local‐neighborhood stand structure on tree mortality and canopy dieback at the level of individual trees and 0.1‐ha plots. We observed widespread tree mortality of pinyon at approximately eight times the reported background mortality rate, and substantial canopy dieback in both pinyon and juniper. Both species were more prone to mortality and dieback in hotter, drier sites. Canopy dieback was associated with both long‐term average climate and the severity of recent drought, with elevated mortality on sites with higher water deficits, average summer temperatures, and vapor pressure deficits. Soils also played a role in tree dieback, with greater mortality on deeper soils. While mortality was driven largely by climate at coarse scales, fine‐scale stand structure interacted with climate to mediate mortality and dieback. Neighborhood statistics showed that trees were susceptible to competitive influence, and pinyon trees were especially sensitive to neighborhood density on drier sites. Mortality and dieback were associated with diverse, co‐occurring insect and parasitic plant mortality agents. Canopy dieback prior to the drought was strongly associated with tree mortality during the drought, implying that current widespread defoliation caused by these agents may foreshadow future elevated woodland decline. Fine‐scale influences such as stand structure and soil characteristics play a key role in the long‐term dynamics of semiarid woodlands, and these factors should be considered in predictive models of forest and woodland susceptibility to drought.

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Assessing model performance via the most limiting environmental driver in two differently stressed pine stands

Nadal‐Sala

Grote

Birami

et al. 2021

Ecological Applications

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Climate change will impact forest productivity worldwide. Forecasting the magnitude of such impact, with multiple environmental stressors changing simultaneously, is only possible with the help of process-based models. In order to assess their performance, such models require careful evaluation against measurements. However, direct comparison of model outputs against observational data is often not reliable, as models may provide the right answers due to the wrong reasons. This would severely hinder forecasting abilities under unprecedented climate conditions. Here, we present a methodology for model assessment, which supplements the traditional output-to-observation model validation. It evaluates model performance through its ability to reproduce observed seasonal changes of the most limiting environmental driver (MLED) for a given process, here daily gross primary productivity (GPP). We analyzed seasonal changes of the MLED for GPP in two contrasting pine forests, the Mediterranean Pinus halepensis Mill. Yatir (Israel) and the boreal Pinus sylvestris L. Hyytiälä (Finland) from three years of eddy-covariance flux data. Then, we simulated the same period with a state-of-the-art process-based simulation model (LandscapeDNDC). Finally, we assessed if the model was able to reproduce both GPP observations and MLED seasonality. We found that the model reproduced the seasonality of GPP in both stands, but it was slightly overestimated without sitespecific fine-tuning. Interestingly, although LandscapeDNDC properly captured the main MLED in Hyytiälä (temperature) and in Yatir (soil water availability), it failed to reproduce high-temperature and high-vapor pressure limitations of GPP in Yatir during spring and summer. We deduced that the most likely reason for this divergence is an incomplete description of stomatal behavior. In summary, this study validates the MLED approach as a model evaluation tool, and opens up new possibilities for model improvement.

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Quantifying transpirable soil water and its relations to tree water use dynamics in a water‐limited pine forest

Cited by 83 publications

References 68 publications

Hydrological modeling of soil-water availability in the Caatinga biome

Hydrological modeling of soil-water availability in the Caatinga biome

Fine‐scale stand structure mediates drought‐induced tree mortality in pinyon–juniper woodlands

Assessing model performance via the most limiting environmental driver in two differently stressed pine stands

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