Quantifying the variability of wind energy

Watson, Simon J.

doi:10.1002/wene.95

Cited by 39 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…In addition to technological innovations, the SG development may also include redesign of the structure of the electricity market. Accurate forecasts on weather, load and markets (short term), and future development of energy demand 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 26 (long term) also becomes important in this context [335,336,[338][339][340][341]. Storage could be a key technology for future SGs [342]; communication technology is another important topic [343][344][345].…”

Section: Smart Gridsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Spreading out RE power generation on a wider area can reduce rapid changes in renewable power output. Smoothing effects are well-known from wind energy utilization [338,[352][353][354][355][356][357][358] and they can positively affect the value of wind power at high penetration levels. Different portfolio theories have been used to show how geographical dispersing of wind power generation can reduce the wind power variability [359,360].…”

Section: Smoothing Effects Of Spatial Power Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review of energy system flexibility measures to enable high levels of variable renewable electricity

Lund

Lindgren

Mikkola

et al. 2015

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

1,276

578

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Title: Review of energy system flexibility measures to enable high levels of variable renewable electricity Article Type: Review Article Keywords: energy system flexibility; DSM; energy storage; ancillary service; electricity market; smart grid Abstract: The paper reviews different approaches, technologies, and strategies to manage large-scale schemes of variable renewable electricity such as solar and wind power. We consider both supply and demand side measures. In addition to presenting energy system flexibility measures, their importance to renewable electricity is discussed. The flexibility measures available range from traditional ones such as grid extension or pumped hydro storage to more advanced strategies such as demand side management and demand side linked approaches, e.g. the use of electric vehicles for storing excess electricity, but also providing grid support services. Advanced batteries may offer new solutions in the future, though the high costs associated with batteries may restrict their use to smaller scale applications. Different "P2Y"-type of strategies, where P stands for surplus renewable power and Y for the energy form or energy service to which this excess in converted to, e.g. thermal energy, hydrogen, gas or mobility are receiving much attention as potential flexibility solutions, making use of the energy system as a whole. To "functionalize" or to assess the value of the various energy system flexibility measures, these need often be put into an electricity/energy market or utility service context. Summarizing, the outlook for managing large amounts of RE power in terms of options available seems to be promising. AbstractThe paper reviews different approaches, technologies, and strategies to manage large-scale schemes of variable renewable electricity such as solar and wind power. We consider both supply and demand side measures. In addition to presenting energy system flexibility measures, their importance to renewable electricity is discussed. The flexibility measures available range from traditional ones such as grid extension or pumped hydro storage to more advanced strategies such as demand side management and demand side linked approaches, e.g. the use of electric vehicles for storing excess electricity, but also providing grid support services. Advanced batteries may offer new solutions in the future, though the high costs associated with batteries may restrict their use to smaller scale applications. Different -P2Y‖-type of strategies, where P stands for surplus renewable power and Y for the energy form or energy service to which this excess in converted to, e.g. thermal energy, hydrogen, gas or mobility are receiving much attention as potential flexibility solutions, making use of the energy system as a whole. To -functionalize‖ or to assess the value of the various energy system flexibility measures, these need often be put into an electricity/energy market or utility service context. Summarizing, the outlook for managing large amounts of RE power in terms of options avai...

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Section: Smart Gridsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Smoothing Effects Of Spatial Power Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of energy system flexibility measures to enable high levels of variable renewable electricity

Lund

Lindgren

Mikkola

et al. 2015

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

1,276

578

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…decadal) time scale. Taking as an example the fast growing offshore wind energy literature, it has been rather recently recognized and acknowledged that longer-term changes in local climate and weather features may have direct consequences in the annual energy production of OWFs and the wind energy economics (Watson, 2014;Ederer, 2015). Since the expected operational life of an OWF is of the order of 30 years, the decadal time scale should be also examined in wind resource assessment (see, e.g.…”

Section: Spatial and Temporal Scales In Wind Climate Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Offshore wind climate analysis and variability in the Mediterranean Sea

Soukissian

Karathanasi

Axaopoulos³

et al. 2017

Intl Journal of Climatology

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ABSTRACT:The long-term offshore wind characteristics in the Mediterranean Sea are assessed using the ERA-Interim dataset for the period 1979-2014. Three main aspects of the wind climate analysis are examined in detail; the spatio-temporal behaviour (including variability characteristics) of wind speed and direction for the annual and monthly time scale; the joint association of wind speed and direction for the annual and monthly time scale, and; the wind speed trends and wind direction changes. From this analysis, the systematic wind flow patterns are identified and the general features of the wind climatology patterns are revealed. The most typical examples of stable and intense regional winds are the Mistral (throughout the year) in the Gulf of Lion and the Etesians (during summer) in the Aegean Sea. High values of mean annual variability of wind speed occur over the western part of the basin (Balearic, Tyrrhenian and Ligurian sub-basins) as well as over the Adriatic and N Aegean Seas, and the E Levantine Basin. Moreover, the assessment of the joint association of wind speed and direction indicates that areas with high values of linear-circular correlation are the ones characterized by intense wind climate. As regards, long-term changes of wind speed and direction, the linear trend for the former and the angular distance for the latter variable are provided. The fastest increasing wind speed trends are observed in the Ionian, the N Tyrrhenian and N Adriatic Seas, the eastern part of the Algerian Basin up to Balearic Isl. and the western part of the S Levantine Basin while the fastest decreasing ones are observed offshore Monaco, the central Aegean and the E Alboran Seas and the N Levantine Basin. The highest values of angular variance and mean angular distances are depicted for the Ligurian, Balearic and Alboran Seas.

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“…IAV seems to be overall rather low for the entire basin (∼5%). IAV is an important parameter for the wind energy economics and it is common practice in the wind engineering industry to assume values of IAV around 6%; see [40] and [41]. Regarding circular variance of mean annual wind direction, it is observed that the directional variability is overall rather low for the entire basin except for the near-shore area of the east Adriatic peninsula and the sea area between Corsica and Italy.…”

Section: A Offshore Wind Climate Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Satellite-Based Offshore Wind Resource Assessment in the Mediterranean Sea

Soukissian

Karathanasi

Axaopoulos

2017

IEEE J. Oceanic Eng.

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Identification of prominent sea areas for the efficient exploitation of offshore wind energy potential requires primarily the assessment and modeling of several aspects of the long-term wind climate. In this work, the offshore wind speed and wind direction climate of the Mediterranean Sea is analytically described, the corresponding offshore wind energy potential is estimated on an annual and seasonal basis, and candidate areas for potential offshore wind farm development are identified. The analysis is based on ocean surface wind fields obtained from the Blended Sea Winds product, provided by the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), from 1995 to 2014. The satellite data are evaluated with reference to buoy wind measurements in the Spanish and Greek Seas. Wind data analysis reveals areas in the western and eastern Mediterranean Sea with high mean annual wind speed combined with rather low temporal variability. The obtained results suggest that offshore wind power potential in the Mediterranean Sea is fairly exploitable at specific suitable locations, such as the Gulf of Lions (with mean annual wind power density up to ∼1600 W/m 2 ) and the Aegean Sea (with mean annual wind power density up to ∼1150 W/m 2 ), that are certainly worth further in-depth assessment for exploiting offshore wind energy. Finally, based on the available offshore wind resource potential and the water depth suitability, three specific sites (in the Gulf of Valencia and the Adriatic and Ionian Seas) are selected and the average wind power output for a specific wind turbine type is estimated.Index Terms-Blended sea winds, Mediterranean Sea, offshore wind energy, UpWind turbine.

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Quantifying the variability of wind energy

Cited by 39 publications

References 79 publications

Review of energy system flexibility measures to enable high levels of variable renewable electricity

Review of energy system flexibility measures to enable high levels of variable renewable electricity

Offshore wind climate analysis and variability in the Mediterranean Sea

Satellite-Based Offshore Wind Resource Assessment in the Mediterranean Sea

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