Quantifying the Training Load in Triathlon

Cejuela, Roberto; Esteve-Lanao, Jonathan

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-22357-1_18

Cited by 6 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Eight training zones were calculated to be more precise prescribing the intensity of the training sessions. These training zones reported both internal load (HR) and external load (speed or power) data ( Cejuela and Esteve-Lanao, 2011 , 2020 ). Besides, a RPE scale (1–10) was related to these training zones.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…RPE and the medium pace for 100 m were used to control swimming workouts, considering the different training zones obtained in the swimming lactate test. Besides, the triathlete was filling personal training logs with the information recorded regarding the amount of time spent in each training zone and with other subjective information such as hours of sleep and with the subjective load scale (ECSs in Spanish) from 0 to 5 ( Cejuela and Esteve-Lanao, 2011 ; Cejuela and Esteve-Lanao, 2020 ). Execution speed was controlled in strength training using a linear encoder (VITRUVE®, Spain).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The objective load scale (ECOs in Spanish) training load quantification method was applied ( Cejuela and Esteve-Lanao, 2011 ; Cejuela and Esteve-Lanao, 2020 ). Briefly, the ECOs were calculated by multiplying the time (minutes) that the triathlete spends in every training zone (1–8) during the workout by a scoring value between 1 and 50 (depending on the training zone) and by a specific factor of 1.0, 0.75 or 0.5 for running, swimming or cycling respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Briefly, the ECOs were calculated by multiplying the time (minutes) that the triathlete spends in every training zone (1–8) during the workout by a scoring value between 1 and 50 (depending on the training zone) and by a specific factor of 1.0, 0.75 or 0.5 for running, swimming or cycling respectively. This methodology seems the most appropriate for triathlon because it compares different endurance activities, attending the different degrees of muscle damage, energy cost, effort densities, and differences at the ability of maintaining technique in the three segments ( Cejuela and Esteve-Lanao, 2011 ; Cejuela and Esteve-Lanao, 2020 ). A specific software (All in your mind Training system®, Mexico) was used to calculate the ECOs throughout the training plan.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Road to Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games: Training Characteristics of a World Class Male Triathlete

Cejuela

Sellés

2022

Front. Physiol.

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There is a growing interest in the scientific literature for reporting top-class endurance athletes training programs. This case study reports on the training program of a world-class male triathlete preparing to compete in the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games. A macrocycle of 43 weeks is presented. The triathlete performed 14.74 ± 3.01 h of weekly endurance training volume. Training intensity distribution (TID) was 81.93% ± 6.74%/7.16% ± 2.03%/10.91% ± 6.90% for zones 1 (low intensity, <VT1), 2 (moderate intensity, VT1-VT2) and 3 (high intensity, >VT2) respectively. Pyramidal TID model is observed during the initial stages of the periodization and Polarized TID model is observed at the end of the macrocycle. The triathlete’s peak ⩒O2 was increased by 20% on cycling and by 14% on running. Peak power was increased by 3.13% on cycling test and peak speed by 9.71% on running test. Finally, the triathlete placed 12th in Olympic distance and 10th in Mixed Relay in Tokyo 2020 Olympic games.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Road to Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games: Training Characteristics of a World Class Male Triathlete

Cejuela

Sellés

2022

Front. Physiol.

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“…Good load control and correct interpretation provide the coach with a set of reliable information regarding how the training process is affecting the athlete [ 6 , 7 ] and if the load planned for the athlete based on their needs and characteristics is causing the necessary or planned adaptation [ 8 ]. Traditionally, individual sports have focused part of their efforts on the control and quantification of the loads that these athletes support during training or competitions, with the aim of improving and planning training [ 9 ]. This trend has spread to other sports, currently being a booming issue in recent years [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does the Physiological Response of a Triathlete Change in the Use or Absence of Drafting?

Mancha-Triguero

Pérez-Murillo

Godoy

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Background: Currently, tactics play an important and decisive role in sprint distance triathlons. One of the most decisive tactical elements is drafting in the cycling sector, depending on whether or not it is allowed by the test regulations. The objective was to analyze the physiological responses in running, in relation to drafting in the cycling sector, according to level and sex. Methods: To do this, a total of n = 44 subjects were divided into two levels (elite: they got a podium in the national championship, 15.68 ± 0.82 years; amateurs: they compete at the regional level, 15.68 ± 1.62 and 37.9 ± 1.74 years), undergoing two training sessions of four cycling-running multitransitions with variability in the permissibility of drafting were analyzed. A descriptive analysis of the variables was carried out, together with an inferential analysis to know the relationships and associations between the dependent and independent variables. Results: The results showed significant differences in the parameters, as related to running technique, heart rate, speed, and displacement (both between levels and sex). Conclusions: This study concludes that drafting in the cycling sector generates decisive physiological responses for the running sector.

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Open Water Swimming in Elite Triathletes: Physiological and Biomechanical Determinants

López-Belmonte,

Gay,

Ruiz-Navarro

et al. 2024

Int J Sports Med

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This study aimed (i) to analyze the 1500 m open water swimming performance, (ii) to examine the associations between physiological and biomechanical variables with swimming performance, and (iii) to determine which variables can predict swimming performance in triathletes. Fourteen elite triathletes (23.4±3.8 y) performed a 1500 m test in open water swimming conditions. Swimming performance was assessed using World Aquatics Points Scoring, and data were obtained from the 1500 m open water swimming test. Heart rate, end-exercise oxygen uptake (EE˙VO2) and blood lactate concentrations were measured. The initial 250 m of the 1500 m swimming test presented the highest values of biomechanical variables in males (i. e. swimming speed, stroke rate (SR), length (SL), index (SI)). A decrease in SL was observed in the last 250 m in both sexes. Positive association were found between EE˙VO2 (r=0.513; p=0.030), swimming speed (r=0.873; p<0.001) and SI (r=0.704; p=0.002) with swimming performance. In contrast, time constant of the oxygen uptake (r=−0.500; p=0.034) and buoy-turn times (r=−0.525; p=0.027) were negatively associated with performance. SI was the main predictor (R 2=0.495) of open water swimming performance in triathletes. In conclusion, triathletes and coaches must conduct open water training sessions to maximize SI (i. e. swimming efficiency).

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Quantifying the Training Load in Triathlon

Cited by 6 publications

References 28 publications

Road to Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games: Training Characteristics of a World Class Male Triathlete

Road to Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games: Training Characteristics of a World Class Male Triathlete

Does the Physiological Response of a Triathlete Change in the Use or Absence of Drafting?

Open Water Swimming in Elite Triathletes: Physiological and Biomechanical Determinants

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