Quantifying the Total Amounts of Tramp Elements Associated with Carbon Steel Production in Japan

Daigo, Ichiro; Fujimura, Leo; Hayashi, Hideo; Yamasue, Eiji; Ohta, Satoshi; Huy, Tran Duc; Goto, Yoshikazu

doi:10.2355/isijinternational.isijint-2016-500

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Almost all of chromium (97%) is used in alloy form in stainless and alloy steels, yet the end-of-life recycling rate is only 36% since chromium recovery is limited to austenitic und selected ferritic stainless steels 32 . An additional consideration is that nonfunctional chromium recycling results in degraded iron-alloy performance 33 , 34 . We note that many elements in the upper-left quadrant of Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alloy information helps prioritize material criticality lists

2022

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Materials scientists employ metals and alloys that involve most of the periodic table. Nonetheless, materials scientists rarely take material criticality and reuse potential into account. In this work, we expand upon lists of “critical materials” generated by national and regional governments by showing that many materials are employed predominantly as alloying elements, which can be a deterrent to recovery and reuse at end of product life and, likely as a consequence, have low functional end-of-life recycling rates, among other problematic characteristics. We thereby single out six metals for enhanced concern: dysprosium, samarium, vanadium, niobium, tellurium, and gallium. From that perspective, the use of critical metals in low concentrations in alloys unlikely to be routinely recycled should be avoided if possible. If not, provision should be made for better identification and more efficient recycling so that materials designated as critical can have increased potential for more than a single functional use.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alloy information helps prioritize material criticality lists

2022

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“…sheet, section, bar, or pipe). 18) The steel bars exhibited the highest content of tramp elements. Therefore, steel bar samples were used in this study to investigate the extent of impurity element contamination.…”

Section: Sampling and Compositional Analysismentioning

confidence: 96%

“…A recent study conducted a large investigation into the tramp element content of steel consumed in Japan. 18) Material flow analysis was combined with a sampling investigation to ensure a representative insight into contamination. However, only 5 major impurity elements were considered, including Cu, Sn, Ni, Cr, and Mo.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Influences of Impurities on Properties of Recycled Carbon Steel

et al. 2021

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Contamination with tramp elements is a major concern in steel recycling. This study aimed to identify the influence of impurity elements on the major properties of carbon steel. The content of impurity elements in recycled steel was determined via elemental analysis of randomly sampled steel bars. Of the 23 impurity elements considered, 15 were found to be mixed in the recycled steel. Industrial standards stipulate that the six major properties of carbon steel are tensile strength, elongation, yield point or proof stress, soundness in the welding area, fracture toughness, and bendability. The influence of the fifteen impurity elements on all of these properties except bendability was investigated by reviewing previous academic reports. Properties related to strength and stress were found to be enhanced by the presence of almost any impurity, while elongation and welding soundness were often compromised. The influence of impurities on the other properties remains largely unknown. The negative effects of impurities on the workability and weldability can be minimized by adjusting the steelmaking, casting, and annealing processes, or rethinking the design of products and manufacturing processes. Further, the incorporation of impurities may be prevented during the recovery of steel scrap from end-of-life products. A useful approach to the prevention of the negative influence of impurities is a new concept termed R-PSPP, which stands for recovery, process, structure, property, and performance.

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“…The dilution of the tramp elements (Cu and Sn) with less contaminated scrap or virgin iron sources is the current most financially viable practice for control and reduce the tramp elements levels in liquid steel, because the control of such elements is fundamental for the production of clean steel. [11][12][13][14][15][16] However, there is real concern that the production of clean steel will become very difficult using this methodology. [17]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of a Continuous Charging Electric Arc Furnace Metallic Loss Based on the Charge Mix

Mombelli

Dall'Osto

Mapelli

et al. 2020

steel research int.

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In the recent years, a revolution of the worldwide development policies has taken place, mainly driven by the idea of achieving the sustainable development scenario (SDS). The electric steelmaking route mainly based on the scrap recycling can be already considered as a successful example of circular economy: the possibility of recycling metallic scraps a theoretically infinite number of times allowed the increase of crude steel production by electric arc furnace (EAF) especially in the Eastern and developing countries. Therefore, the optimization of the charge mix, by empirical mathematical models, has become a fundamental practice aimed at decreasing the metallic loss, increasing the furnace performance and obtaining a proper melt chemistry. Herein, regression modeling is used to investigate the relationship between the metallic loss and the charging material. For the calibration and validation of the model, the data regarding 56 experimental heats, performed by a continuous charging EAF, are used. In particular, the model developed to foresee the metallic loss starting from a given charge mix, highlighting, furthermore, the interactions among the several charging materials.

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Quantifying the Total Amounts of Tramp Elements Associated with Carbon Steel Production in Japan

Cited by 19 publications

References 14 publications

Alloy information helps prioritize material criticality lists

Alloy information helps prioritize material criticality lists

Potential Influences of Impurities on Properties of Recycled Carbon Steel

Modeling of a Continuous Charging Electric Arc Furnace Metallic Loss Based on the Charge Mix

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