Quantifying the Strength of Bacterial Adhesive Interactions with Salivary Glycoproteins

Prakobphol, Akraporn; Burdsal, Carol A.; Fisher, Susan J.

doi:10.1177/00220345950740051101

Cited by 38 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…alterations in cell aggregation, transcriptome, and sensitivity to oxidative stress) presented here could represent the bacteria’s response to either simulated microgravity and/or low-fluid shear (<1 dyn/cm 2 ) specific environmental signals, the latter of which may be relevant to the fluid shear of saliva flow (<0.8 dyn/cm 2 ) experienced by S. mutans in the oral cavity. 19,21 Therefore, the data obtained in this study have the potential to shed light on S. mutans physiology and virulence properties relevant to environmental signals experienced in the host, and will hopefully provide a springboard for planning future space flight studies of oral bacteria. It is also important to note that all of the S. mutans experiments presented in this study were conducted in semi-defined culture medium containing 11 mM glucose and 10 mM sucrose, previously shown to promote in vitro S. mutans biofilm formation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…19,20 The low-shear force experienced in this microgravity analog system boasts the additional advantage of mimicking the low-shear force of saliva flow (<0.8 dyn/cm 2 ) experienced by plaque bacteria in the oral cavity. 21 In this study, high-aspect rotating vessels (HARVs) were therefore used to ascertain the effects of simulated microgravity on S. mutans gene expression, physiology, oxidative stress resistance, and competence, using both culture-dependent and “-omic” (metabolomics and RNA-seq) approaches.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation of simulated microgravity effects on Streptococcus mutans physiology and global gene expression

2017

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Astronauts have been previously shown to exhibit decreased salivary lysozyme and increased dental calculus and gingival inflammation in response to space flight, host factors that could contribute to oral diseases such as caries and periodontitis. However, the specific physiological response of caries-causing bacteria such as Streptococcus mutans to space flight and/or ground-based simulated microgravity has not been extensively investigated. In this study, high aspect ratio vessel S. mutans simulated microgravity and normal gravity cultures were assessed for changes in metabolite and transcriptome profiles, H2O2 resistance, and competence in sucrose-containing biofilm media. Stationary phase S. mutans simulated microgravity cultures displayed increased killing by H2O2 compared to normal gravity control cultures, but competence was not affected. RNA-seq analysis revealed that expression of 153 genes was up-regulated ≥2-fold and 94 genes down-regulated ≥2-fold during simulated microgravity high aspect ratio vessel growth. These included a number of genes located on extrachromosomal elements, as well as genes involved in carbohydrate metabolism, translation, and stress responses. Collectively, these results suggest that growth under microgravity analog conditions promotes changes in S. mutans gene expression and physiology that may translate to an altered cariogenic potential of this organism during space flight missions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of simulated microgravity effects on Streptococcus mutans physiology and global gene expression

2017

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“…It has been claimed that F. nucleatum binds poorly to the acquired pellicle (22), though in fact the species has an affinity for salivary components, such as statherin (55) and proline-rich glycoproteins (13); indeed, the adherence strength of F. nucleatum to saliva is comparable to that of Streptococcus sanguis (43).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Arrangements and Associative Behavior of Species in an In Vitro Oral Biofilm Model

Guggenheim

Shapiro

Gmür

et al. 2001

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The spatial arrangements and associative behavior of Actinomyces naeslundii, Veillonella dispar, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Streptococcus sobrinus, and Streptococcus oralis strains in an in vitro model of supragingival plaque were determined. Using species-specific fluorescence-labeled antibodies in conjunction with confocal laser scanning microscopy, the volumes and distribution of the five strains were assessed during biofilm formation. The volume-derived cell numbers of each strain correlated well with respective culture data. Between 15 min and 64 h, populations of each strain increased in a manner reminiscent of batch growth. The microcolony morphologies of all members of the consortium and their distributions within the biofilm were characterized, as were interspecies associations. Biofilms formed 15 min after inoculation consisted principally of single nonaggregated cells. All five strains adhered strongly to the saliva-conditioned substratum, and therefore, coadhesion played no role during the initial phase of biofilm formation. This observation does not reflect the results of in vitro coaggregation of the five strains, which depended upon the nature of the suspension medium. While the possibility cannot be excluded that some interspecies associations observed at later stages of biofilm formation were initiated by coadhesion, increase in bacterial numbers appeared to be largely a growth phenomenon regulated by the prevailing cultivation conditions.Polyspecies microbial consortia typically consist of cells and microcolonies embedded in exopolymer matrices perforated with channels through which contact with the milieu extérieur is maintained (50). Dental plaque is a clinically relevant example of such a consortium which mediates oral diseases of microbial etiology. The resistance or resilience of biofilms to antimicrobial agents appears to be related to their distinctive architectures (12,17,45), in which case an understanding of the fine structure of oral biofilms may lead to new or improved strategies for plaque control.Efforts have been directed towards defining the temporal development and spatial organization of an in vitro model of supragingival plaque whose responses to various antimicrobial agents and proprietary oral hygiene products (15) mimic clinical observations. At the same time, information was sought on the importance of intraspecies aggregation, interspecies coaggregation, and coadhesion on surface attachment during the initial stages of biofilm formation. MATERIALS AND METHODSExperimental design. Biofilms containing Actinomyces naeslundii OMZ 745, Veillonella dispar ATCC 17748 T (OMZ 493), Fusobacterium nucleatum KP-F2 (OMZ 596), Streptococcus sobrinus OMZ 176, and Streptococcus oralis SK248 (OMZ 607) were formed on hydroxyapatite disks as previously described (15). Three independent trials were run, in each of which six or seven biofilms were recovered per time point (Fig. 1). At every time point in each trial, three disks were dip-washed to remove loosely adherent cells and vortexed, and ...

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“…Note the enormous range in adhesive forces between different strains and species. Similar forces were derived from a centrifugal force assay assessing perpendicular detachment forces (74) for Streptococcus sanguis (0.2 ϫ 10 Ϫ3 nN) and Actinomyces viscosus (1.1 ϫ 10 Ϫ3 nN). Furthermore, turbulent flow as opposed to a laminar regimen is known to affect biofilm architecture (72,85,100,102).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Microbial Adhesion in Flow Displacement Systems

2006

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SUMMARY Flow displacement systems are superior to many other (static) systems for studying microbial adhesion to surfaces because mass transport and prevailing shear conditions can be adequately controlled and notoriously ill-defined slight rinsing steps to remove so-called “loosely adhering organisms” can be avoided. In this review, we present the basic background required to calculate mass transport and shear rates in flow displacement systems, focusing on the parallel plate flow chamber as an example. Critical features in the design of flow displacement systems are discussed, as well as different strategies for data analysis. Finally, selected examples of working with flow displacement systems are given for diverse biomedical applications.

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Quantifying the Strength of Bacterial Adhesive Interactions with Salivary Glycoproteins

Cited by 38 publications

References 24 publications

Investigation of simulated microgravity effects on Streptococcus mutans physiology and global gene expression

Investigation of simulated microgravity effects on Streptococcus mutans physiology and global gene expression

Spatial Arrangements and Associative Behavior of Species in an In Vitro Oral Biofilm Model

Microbial Adhesion in Flow Displacement Systems

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