Quantifying the seismicity on Taiwan

Wu, Yi; Chen, Chien Chih; Turcotte, Donald L.; Rundle, John B.

doi:10.1093/gji/ggt101

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…This would increase the weighting of moderate and large events on the calculation of b-value, thus leading to a smaller b-value. Wu et al (2013) evaluated the GR's FM relationship for Taiwan's earthquakes reported by the CWB since 1900. A break in the FM distribution for large earthquakes is observed.…”

Section: Spatial Distributions Of B-valuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

b-Values Observations in Taiwan: A Review

Chen¹,

Leu²,

Chang³

2015

Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.

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High seismicity with spatial heterogeneity in Taiwan makes this region one of the best natural laboratories for seismological researches. Numerous seismicity studies, including the b-value, have been performed for more than one century. One of the possible ways to mitigate seismic risk is predicting an impending earthquake through various kinds of seismic precursors observations. The first seismic precursors project in Taiwan started in 1978. The temporal variation in b-value prior to a forthcoming earthquake has been considered a significant seismic precursor for earthquake prediction. In this review study, we focus on the studies of b-values of earthquakes in Taiwan, including the spatial distribution of b-values, temporal variation in b-values, correlation between the b-value and fractal dimension, and correlation between the band p-value of Omori law for aftershocks. Also included is the relation between the spatial distribution of b-values and regional geotectonics. The properties and controlling factors of b-value and earthquake monitoring in Taiwan will also be briefly described.

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Section: Spatial Distributions Of B-valuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

b-Values Observations in Taiwan: A Review

Chen¹,

Leu²,

Chang³

2015

Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.

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“…et al, 2013). The most well-known historic tsunami events that occurred in northeastern Taiwan are the 1867 Keelung earthquake (M w 7.0) (Tsai, 1985;Ma and Lee, 1997;Cheng et al, 2016;Yu et al, 2016) and the 1771 Yaeyama (Japan) earthquake (M w ∼ 8) (Nakamura, 2009). Accordingly, these historic recordings demonstrate that Taiwan is under a potential tsunami threat.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Assessment of the peak tsunami amplitude associated with a large earthquake occurring along the southernmost Ryukyu subduction zone in the region of Taiwan

Sun

Chen

et al. 2018

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. The southernmost portion of the Ryukyu Trench near the island of Taiwan potentially generates tsunamigenic earthquakes with magnitudes from 7.5 to 8.7 through shallow rupture. The fault model for this potential region dips 10∘ northward with a rupture length of 120 km and a width of 70 km. An earthquake magnitude of Mw 8.15 is estimated by the fault geometry with an average slip of 8.25 m as a constraint on the earthquake scenario. Heterogeneous slip distributions over the rupture surface are generated by a stochastic slip model, which represents the decaying slip spectrum according to k−2 in the wave number domain. These synthetic slip distributions are consistent with the abovementioned identical seismic conditions. The results from tsunami simulations illustrate that the propagation of tsunami waves and the peak wave heights largely vary in response to the slip distribution. Changes in the wave phase are possible as the waves propagate, even under the same seismic conditions. The tsunami energy path not only follows the bathymetry but also depends on the slip distribution. The probabilistic distributions of the peak tsunami amplitude calculated by 100 different slip patterns from 30 recording stations reveal that the uncertainty decreases with increasing distance from the tsunami source. The highest wave amplitude for 30 recording points is 7.32 m at Hualien for 100 different slips. Compared with the stochastic-slip distributions, the uniform slip distribution will be highly underestimated, especially in the near field. In general, the uniform slip assumption only represents the average phenomenon and will consequently ignore the possibility of tsunami waves. These results indicate that considering the effects of heterogeneous slip distributions is necessary for assessing tsunami hazards to provide additional information about tsunami uncertainties and facilitate a more comprehensive estimation.

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“…They suggested that the seismogenic thickness controls the evolution of earthquake scaling in fault geometry. Comparatively, in GutenbergRichter scaling, several authors observed a breakdown in scaling for large earthquakes (Rundle 1989;Pacheco et al 1992;Wu et al 2013). Rundle (1989) suggested that a transition of the b value (the scaling exponent of magnitude and frequency) from 1 -1.5 is caused by the approximately equidimensional (width ≈ length) for smaller events, whereas larger earthquakes (long, shallow strike-slip earthquakes) have considerably greater lengths than depths.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneous Slip Distribution Self-Similarity on a Fault Surface

Lee

Fong²,

Yen

2016

Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.

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The earthquake slip distribution self-similarity is investigated in this study. We complied finite fault slip models for earthquakes in the Taiwan orogenic belt and global earthquakes to determine the slip distribution self-similarity. Forty-one earthquakes (19 Taiwan earthquakes and 22 global earthquakes) in the M w = 4.6 -8.9 magnitude range were examined. The fault slip exhibited self-similar scaling between the rupture slip and area. The average area ratio (R s ) and slip ratio (R d ) follows a scaling of R 10 ( ) s a n Rd = -. Slip self-similarity implies that a fault rupture exhibits fractal behavior. The scaling exponent can be considered as a measure for the roughness degree of the slip distribution on the fault surface. This study suggests that the slip distribution for large earthquakes (M w > 7.0) tends to have a more homogeneous slip. Scaling exponents can provide insight into earthquake rupture mechanics and the scaling of heterogeneous slips on the fault surface provides a basis for ground motion simulation for a finite fault for an earthquake scenario, particularly for near-fault motion.

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Quantifying the seismicity on Taiwan

Cited by 16 publications

References 33 publications

b-Values Observations in Taiwan: A Review

b-Values Observations in Taiwan: A Review

Assessment of the peak tsunami amplitude associated with a large earthquake occurring along the southernmost Ryukyu subduction zone in the region of Taiwan

Heterogeneous Slip Distribution Self-Similarity on a Fault Surface

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