Quantifying the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 viral load and infectiousness

Marc, Aurélien; Kerioui, Marion; Blanquart, François; Bertrand, Julie; Mitjà, Oriol; Corbacho-Monné, Marc; Marks, Michael; Guedj, Jérémie

doi:10.7554/elife.69302

Cited by 111 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Measurement of SARS-CoV-2 viral load over the course of acute infection can inform hypotheses about the mechanisms that underlie variation in transmissibility according to variant and vaccination status. 1 …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 Variants in Vaccinated and Unvaccinated Persons

Kissler

Fauver

Mack³

et al. 2021

N Engl J Med

249

240

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 Variants in Vaccinated and Unvaccinated Persons

Kissler

Fauver

Mack³

et al. 2021

N Engl J Med

249

240

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“…Table 2 presents the results of five identified studies that estimated the association between viral load and the odds of transmission, mainly for the wild type virus and Alpha variant. [18][19][20][21][22] The association for the Delta variant was consistent. 22 The median odds ratio per log 10 increase in viral load in any setting, or within a non-household setting, was 1.33, indicating that, on average, a ten-fold increase in viral load (e.g., from 100,000 copies/mL to 1 million copies/mL) is associated with a 1.33-fold increase in the odds of transmission.…”

Section: Relationship Between Viral Load and Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…The only study that assessed the association in a household setting specifically found an odds ratio of 1.77 per log 10 increase in viral load. 19 Since there is less variation in the exposure of contacts in household settings, this stronger association is expected. The median odds ratio per log 10 increase in viral load in any setting, or within a non-household setting, was 1.33, indicating that a ten-fold increase in viral load (e.g., from 100,000 copies/mL to 1 million copies/mL) is associated with a 1.33-fold increase in the odds of transmission, on average.…”

Section: Relationship Between Viral Load and Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The only study that assessed the association in a household setting specifically found an odds ratio of 1.77 per log 10 increase in viral load. 19 Figure 4 shows the estimated relationship between viral load and the probability of positive culture, the probability of transmission in households, and the probability of transmission in any setting, based on the studies included in Tables 1 and 2. The association with viral load was strong in all three cases.…”

Section: Relationship Between Viral Load and Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are strong associations between viral load and the probability of positive culture, the probability of transmission in household settings, and the probability of transmission in any setting. Median estimates of the associations were taken from Tables 1 and 2, the association for household settings is from Marc et al 19…”

Section: Figure 4 Estimated Association Between Observed Viral Load and Probability Of Positive Culture Transmission In Households And Trmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Jüni¹,

Baert²,

Bobos³

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About Us: The Ontario COVID-19 Science Advisory Table is a group of scientific experts and health system leaders who evaluate and report on emerging evidence relevant to the COVID-19 pandemic, to inform Ontario's response. Our mandate is to provide weekly summaries of relevant scientific evidence for the COVID-19 Health Coordination Table of the Province of Ontario, integrating information from existing scientific tables, Ontario's universities and agencies, and the best global evidence. The Science Table summarizes its findings for the Health Coordination Table and the public in Science Briefs.

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Assessment of Clinical and Virological Characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among Children Aged 0 to 4 Years and Their Household Members

Karron

Hetrich

et al. 2022

JAMA Netw Open

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IMPORTANCEFew studies have prospectively assessed SARS-CoV-2 community infection in children aged 0 to 4 years. Information about SARS-CoV-2 incidence and clinical and virological features in young children could help guide prevention and mitigation strategies. OBJECTIVE To assess SARS-CoV-2 incidence, clinical and virological features, and symptoms in a prospective household cohort and to compare viral load by age group, symptoms, and SARS-CoV-2 lineage in young children, older children, and adults. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This prospective cohort study enrolled 690 participants from 175 Maryland households with 1 or more children aged 0 to 4 years between November 24, 2020, and October 15, 2021. For 8 months after enrollment, participants completed weekly symptom questionnaires and submitted self-collected nasal swabs for SARS-CoV-2 qualitative realtime reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing, quantitative RT-PCR testing, and viral lineage determination. For the analyses, SARS-CoV-2 Alpha and Delta lineages were considered variants of interest or concern. Sera collected at enrollment and at approximately 4 months and 8 months after enrollment were assayed for SARS-CoV-2 spike and nucleocapsid protein antibodies. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Incidence, clinical and virological characteristics, and symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 infection by age group and correlations between (1) highest detected viral load and symptom frequency and (2) highest detected viral load and SARS-CoV-2 lineage.RESULTS Among 690 participants (355 [51.4%] female and 335 [48.6%] male), 256 individuals (37.1%) were children aged 0 to 4 years, 100 (14.5%) were children aged 5 to 17 years, and 334 (48.4%) were adults aged 18 to 74 years. A total of 15 participants (2.2%) were Asian, 24 (3.5%) were Black, 603 (87.4%) were White, 43 (6.2%) were multiracial, and 5 (0.7%) were of other races; 33 participants (4.8%) were Hispanic, and 657 (95.2%) were non-Hispanic. Overall, 54 participants (7.8%) had SARS-CoV-2 infection during the surveillance period, including 22 of 256 children (8.6%) aged 0 to 4 years, 11 of 100 children (11.0%) aged 5 to 17 years, and 21 of 334 adults (6.3%). Incidence rates per 1000 person-weeks were 2.25 (95% CI, 1.28-3.65) infections among children aged 0 to 4 years, 3.48 (95% CI, 1.59-6.61) infections among children aged 5 to 17 years, and 1.08 (95% CI, 0.52-1.98) infections among adults. Children aged 0 to 17 years with SARS-CoV-2 infection were more frequently asymptomatic (11 of 30 individuals [36.7%]) compared with adults (3 of 21 individuals [14.3%]), with children aged 0 to 4 years most frequently asymptomatic (7 of 19 individuals [36.8%]). The highest detected viral load did not differ between asymptomatic vs symptomatic individuals overall (median [IQR], 2.8 [1.5-3.3] log 10 copies/mL vs 2.8 [1.8-4.4] log 10 copies/mL) or by age group (median [IQR] for ages 0 -4 years, 2.7 [2.4-4.4] log 10 copies/mL; ages 5-17 years: 2.4 [1.1-4.0] log 10 copies/mL; ages 18-74 years: 2.9 [1.9-4.6] log 10 cop...

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Quantifying the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 viral load and infectiousness

Cited by 111 publications

References 37 publications

Viral Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 Variants in Vaccinated and Unvaccinated Persons

Viral Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 Variants in Vaccinated and Unvaccinated Persons

Rapid Antigen Tests for Voluntary Screen Testing

Assessment of Clinical and Virological Characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among Children Aged 0 to 4 Years and Their Household Members

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