Quantifying the local influence at a tall tower site in nocturnal conditions

Werth, David; Buckley, R.; Zhang, Gengsheng; Kurzeja, Robert J.; Leclerc, Monique Y.; Duarte, Henrique F.; Parker, Matthew; Watson, Thomas

doi:10.1007/s00704-015-1648-y

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 35 publications

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“…The wind speed then decreased slightly, immediately following the sea breeze passing but then remained steady for a few hours before beginning to decrease through the remainder of the overnight period. While low-level jets do occur over the region, the wind measurement heights are likely to be close enough to the surface that they reside below the height of the jet [18].…”

Section: Measured Effects Of the Sea Breezementioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency and Characteristics of Inland Advecting Sea Breezes in the Southeast United States

et al. 2021

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Sea breezes have been observed to move inland over 100 km. These airmasses can be markedly different from regional airmasses, creating a shallow layer with differences in humidity, wind, temperature and aerosol characteristics. To understand their influence on boundary layer and cloud development on subsequent days, we identify their frequency and characteristics. We visually identified sea breeze fronts on radar passing over the Savannah River Site (SRS) between March and October during 2015–2019. The SRS is ~150 km from the nearest coastal location; therefore, our detection suggests further inland penetration. We also identified periods when sea breeze fronts may have passed but were not visually observed on radar due to the shallow sea breeze airmass remaining below the radar beam elevation that ranges between approximately 1–8 km depending on the beam angle and radar source (Columbia, SC or Charleston, SC). Near-surface atmospheric measurements indicate that the dew point temperature increases, the air temperature decreases, the variation in wind direction decreases and the aerosol size increases after sea breeze frontal passage. A synoptic classification procedure also identified that inland moving sea breezes are more commonly observed when the synoptic conditions include weak to moderate offshore winds with an average of 35 inland sea breezes occurring each year, focused primarily in the months of April, May and June.

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Section: Measured Effects Of the Sea Breezementioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency and Characteristics of Inland Advecting Sea Breezes in the Southeast United States

et al. 2021

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The Application of an Evolutionary Programming Process to a Simulation of the ETEX Large-Scale Airborne Dispersion Experiment

Werth

Maze

Buckley

et al. 2019

Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology

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Airborne tracer simulations are typically performed using a dispersion model driven by a high-resolution meteorological model. Besides solving the dynamic equations of momentum, heat, and moisture on the resolved model grid, mesoscale models must account for subgrid-scale fluxes and other unresolved processes. These are estimated through parameterization schemes of eddy diffusion, convection, and surface interactions, and they make use of prescribed parameters set by the user. Such “free” model parameters are often poorly constrained, and a range of plausible values exists for each. Evolutionary programming (EP) is a process to improve the selection of the parameters. A population of simulations is first run with a different set of parameter values for each member, and the member judged most accurate is selected as the “parent” of a new “generation.” After a number of iterations, the simulations should approach a configuration that is best adapted to the atmospheric conditions. We apply the EP process to simulate the first release of the 1994 European Tracer Experiment (ETEX) project, which comprised two experiments in which a tracer was released in western France and sampled by an observing network. The EP process is used to improve a simulation of the RAMS mesoscale weather model, with weather data collected during ETEX being used to “score” the individual members according to how well each simulation matches the observations. The meteorological simulations from before and after application of the EP process are each used to force a dispersion model to create a simulation of the ETEX release, and substantial improvement is observed when these are validated against sampled tracer concentrations.

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Evaluation and Uncertainty of Radioxenon Transport with a Mesoscale Model after the February 2013 Underground Test in North Korea

Kurzeja

Werth

Buckley

2021

Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology

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The transport of radioxenon released from the February 2013 underground nuclear weapons test in North Korea was analyzed at two receptors - one at the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty site Rn58 in Russia (400 km downwind) and a second at Rn38 in Japan (1000 km downwind). Transport was modeled with two ensembles of mesoscale simulations, one generated with varying initial and lateral boundary conditions taken from the Global Forecasting System uncertainty ensemble, and a second created from different parameterizations and surface conditions. The wind variability was similar for the two ensembles and consistent with observations at 925 mb but not at the surface. Biases in calculated surface winds and the radioxenon concentration in the ensembles were attributed mainly to poor simulation of the sea breeze at both locations and mountain lee affects at Rn38 in Japan. These wind regimes affected the timing of the surface radioxenon plume at Rn58 and its duration at Rn38. Surface wind variability induced by terrain and land-sea contrast (the sea breeze) also had a significant effect on the surface winds and plume dynamics, including blocking of flow approaching elevated terrain near Vladivostok and the west side of Japan. Increased plume uncertainty was seen at night because of surface wind variability. Measured surface chemical variability was larger than found in the first ETEX experiment in central Europe. The study found that horizontal model resolution contributes to uncertainty but not as much as vertical resolution, boundary layer parameterizations, and assimilation of surface meteorological data near the receptor.

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Quantifying the local influence at a tall tower site in nocturnal conditions

Cited by 3 publications

References 35 publications

Frequency and Characteristics of Inland Advecting Sea Breezes in the Southeast United States

Frequency and Characteristics of Inland Advecting Sea Breezes in the Southeast United States

The Application of an Evolutionary Programming Process to a Simulation of the ETEX Large-Scale Airborne Dispersion Experiment

Evaluation and Uncertainty of Radioxenon Transport with a Mesoscale Model after the February 2013 Underground Test in North Korea

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