Quantifying the large-scale electrification equilibrium effects in dust storms using field observations at Qingtu Lake Observatory

Zhang, Huan; Zheng, Xiaojing

doi:10.5194/acp-18-17087-2018

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…2(a) and compared with that extracted by moving average and adaptive wavelet transform. The results show that the timevarying average velocities extracted by different methods are basically consistent and that extracted by EMD can better reflect the time-varying characteristics (confirmed by Zhang and Zheng, 2018), the correlation coefficient between the corresponding fluctuating velocities after removing the mean is larger than 0.93.…”

Section: Data Preprocessingmentioning

confidence: 55%

Evolution of turbulent kinetic energy during the entire sandstorm process

Liu

Shi

Zheng

2021

Preprint

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Abstract. An adaptive segmented stationary method for non-stationary signal is proposed to reveal the turbulent kinetic energy evolution during the entire sandstorm process observed at the Qingtu Lake Observation Array. Sandstorm which is a common natural disaster is mechanically characterized by a particle-laden two-phase flow experiencing wall turbulence, with an extremely high Reynolds number and significant turbulent kinetic energy. Turbulence energy transfer is important to the understanding of sandstorm dynamics. This study indicates that large-/very-large-scale coherent structures originally exist in the rising stage of sandstorms with a streamwise kinetic energy of 75 % rather than gradually forming. In addition to carrying a substantial portion of energy, the very-large-scale-motions are active structures with strong nonlinear energy transfer. These structures gain energy from strong nonlinear interaction. As sandstorm evolves, these large structures are gradually broken by quadratic phase coupling, with the energy fraction reducing to 40 % in the declining stage. The nonlinear process in the steady and declining stages weakens and maintains a balanced budget of energy. The systematic bispectrum results provide a new perspective for further insight of sandstorms.

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Section: Data Preprocessingmentioning

confidence: 55%

Evolution of turbulent kinetic energy during the entire sandstorm process

Liu

Shi

Zheng

2021

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“…For example, Jackson and Farrell (2006) recorded the horizontal component of the E-field of up to 120 kV m -1 in dust devils. Zhang and Zheng (2018) also found the streamwise and spanwise components (termed horizontal component) of the E-field of up to 150 kV m -1 in dust storms. Hence, E-field is actually three-dimensional (3-D).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…It is worth noting that the measured time series in dust storms are generally non-stationary when viewed as a whole (e.g. Zhang and Zheng, 2018). In such cases, the statistical values are timevarying.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…storms by W. A. Douglas Rudge showed that the vertical atmospheric E-field was substantially increased to 5-10 kV m -1 and reversed its direction (became upwardpointing) during a severe dust storm (Rudge, 1913). Later measurements in dust storms found downward-pointing (Esposito et al, 2016), upward-pointing (Bo and Zheng, 2013;Yair et al, 2016;Zhang and Zheng, 2018), and even alternating vertical E-field which continually reverses direction (Kamra, 1972;Williams et al, 2009), with the magnitude of up to ~100 kV m -1 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of three-dimensional electric field on saltation during dust storms: An observational and numerical study

Zhang

Zhou

2019

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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Particle tribo-electrification being ubiquitous in nature and industry, potentially plays a key role in dust events, including the lifting and transport of sand and dust particles. However, the properties of electric field (E-field) and its influences on saltation during dust storms remain obscure as the high complexity of dust storms and the existing numerical studies mainly limited to one-dimensional (1-D) E-field. Here, we quantify the effects of real three-dimensional (3-D) E-field on saltation, through a combination of field observations and numerical modelling. The 3-D E-fields in the sub-meter layer from 0.05 to 0.7&#8201;m above the ground during a dust storm are measured at Qingtu Lake Observation Array site. The measured results show that each component of the 3-D E-field data nearly collapses on a single 3-order polynomial curve when normalized. Interestingly, the vertical component of the 3-D E-field increases with increasing height in the saltation layer during dust storms. Such 3-D E-field data close to the ground within a few centimeters has never been reported and formulated before. Using the discrete element method, we then develop a comprehensive saltation model, in which the tribo-electrification between particle-particle midair collisions is explicitly accounted for, allowing us to evaluate the tribo-electrification in saltation properly. By combining the results of measurements and modelling, we find that although the vertical component of the E-field (i.e. 1-D E-field) inhibits sand transport, 3-D E-field enhances sand transport substantially. Furthermore, the model predicts that 3-D E-field enhances the total mass flux by up to 63&#8201;%. This suggests that a truly 3-D E-field consideration is necessary if one is to explain precisely how the E-field affects saltation during dust storms. These results will further improve our understanding of particle tribo-electrification in saltation and help to provide more accurate characterizations of sand and dust transport during dust storms.</p>

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“…For example, recent results show that such contained considerable energy structures were also existed and increased with heights (Hutchins et al, 2012;Wang and Zheng, 2016). Notably, Zhang and Zheng (2018) found that the space charge density and dust concentration were significantly correlated over the 10-min timescales. Therefore, the complex mechanic system during the SDS raises a great interest to investigate what kind of structures will exist and how the structures will be evolved.…”

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confidence: 97%

High frequency observation during the sand and dust storms in the Qingtu Lake Observatory

Huang

Wang

et al. 2021

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Abstract. Partially due to the global climate change, the sand and dust storms (SDS) occurred more and more frequently, yet a detailed measurement of the SDS event at different heights is still lacking. Here we provide a high frequency observation in the Qingtu Lake Observation Array (QLOA), China. The wind and dust information were measured simultaneously at different wall-normal heights during the SDS process. The datasets span the period from 17 March to 9 June 2016. The wind speed and direction are recorded by a sonic anemometer with a sampling frequency 50 Hz, while the particulate matter 10 (PM10) is sampled simultaneously by a dust monitor with a sampling frequency 1 Hz. The wall-normal array had 11 sonics and monitors spaced logarithmically from z = 0.9 to 30 m, where the spacing is about 2-meter between the sonic anemometer and dust monitor at the same height. Based on its non-stationary feature, the SDS event can be divided into three stages, i.e., ascending, stabilizing and descending stages, in which the dynamic mechanism of the wind and dust fields might be different. This is preliminarily characterized via the classical Fourier power analysis. Temporal evolution of the scaling exponent from Fourier power analysis suggests slightly below the classical Kolmogorov value of −5/3 for the three-dimensional homogeneous and isotropic turbulence. During the stabilizing stage, the collected PM10 shows a very intermittent pattern, which can be further linked with the burst events in the turbulent atmospheric boundary layer. This dataset is valuable for a better understanding the SDS dynamics, which has being publicly available at Zenodo through the DOI 10.5281/zenodo.5034196 (Li et al., 2021a).

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Quantifying the large-scale electrification equilibrium effects in dust storms using field observations at Qingtu Lake Observatory

Cited by 20 publications

References 53 publications

Evolution of turbulent kinetic energy during the entire sandstorm process

Evolution of turbulent kinetic energy during the entire sandstorm process

Effects of three-dimensional electric field on saltation during dust storms: An observational and numerical study

High frequency observation during the sand and dust storms in the Qingtu Lake Observatory

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