Quantifying the errors of the particle-source-in-cell Euler-Lagrange method

Evrard, Fabien; Denner, Fabian; Wachem, Berend van

doi:10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2020.103535

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…To accurately compute the momentum transfer, the velocity difference between each particle and the local undisturbed velocity is required: this is defined as the fluid velocity at the particle, excluding the effects for the presence of that particle. When the particle is sufficiently small compared to the mesh spacing, as is outlined in the original ''particle-source-in-cell'' (PSIC) approach [63], the errors of neglecting this intricate difference in the definition of the velocity are small, but these can quickly increase in magnitude as the particle diameter to mesh spacing ratio exceeds 0.1 [64].…”

Section: Particle-fluid Couplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of Reacting, Moving Granular Assemblies of Thermally Thick Particles by Discrete Element Method/Computational Fluid Dynamics

et al. 2023

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The potential and limitations of the discrete element method (DEM) coupled with computational fluid mechanics (CFD) to simulate chemically reacting, moving granular material interacting with a fluid flow are summarized. A special focus is set on thermally thick particles, which requires to resolve the intraparticle transport and reaction processes. The aspect of complex particle shape is addressed, as shape may dominate the particle behavior in densely packed granular assemblies even more than the details of contact force laws. The fluid flow in the granular assembly is assumed to be a gas. The potential of DEM/CFD will be highlighted presenting three illustrative examples: a large-scale lime shaft kiln with intermittent operation, an industrial-size grate firing system for the incineration of municipal waste, and a small-scale straw pellet stove.

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Section: Particle-fluid Couplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of Reacting, Moving Granular Assemblies of Thermally Thick Particles by Discrete Element Method/Computational Fluid Dynamics

et al. 2023

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“…In the framework of the EL approach, it is recommended that bubble diameters be at least an order of magnitude smaller than the mesh spacing to ensure that the impulse between the bubble and the fluid is accurately transferred [33]. Interestingly, Sungkorn et al [18] suggested that minimal numerical mesh sizes double the bubble diameter were sufficient.…”

Section: Bubble Column Simulation In the Euler-euler Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transferring Bubble Breakage Models Tailored for Euler-Euler Approaches to Euler-Lagrange Simulations

Mast

2023

Processes

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Most bubble breakage models have been developed for multiphase simulations using Euler-Euler (EE) approaches. Commonly, they are linked with population balance models (PBM) and are validated by making use of Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) turbulence models. The latter, however, may be replaced by alternate approaches such as Large Eddy simulations (LES) that play a pivotal role in current developments based on lattice Boltzmann (LBM) technologies. Consequently, this study investigates the possibility of transferring promising bubble breakage models from the EE framework into Euler-Lagrange (EL) settings aiming to perform LES. Using our own model, it was possible to reproduce similar bubble size distributions (BSDs) for EL and EE simulations. Therefore, the critical Weber (Wecrit) number served as a threshold value for the occurrence of bubble breakage events. Wecrit depended on the bubble daughter size distribution (DSD) and a set minimum time between two consecutive bubble breakage events. The commercial frameworks Ansys Fluent and M-Star were applied for EE and EL simulations, respectively. The latter enabled the implementation of LES, i.e., the use of a turbulence model with non-time averaged entities. By properly choosing Wecrit, it was possible to successfully transfer two commonly applied bubble breakage models from EE to EL. Based on the mechanism of bubble breakage, Wecrit values of 7 and 11 were determined, respectively. Optimum Wecrit were identified as fitting the shape of DSDs, as this turned out to be a key criterion for reaching optimum prediction quality. Optimum Wecrit values hold true for commonly applied operational conditions in aerated bioreactors, considering water as the matrix.

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“…1977), many alternative and more accurate approaches have been conceived – see, for instance, Garg et al. (2007), Horwitz & Mani (2016), Pakseresht, Esmaily & Apte (2020) and Evrard, Denner & van Wachem (2021) – in the context of Euler–Lagrangian simulations. Other authors filtered the fluid equations on the scale of the particle accounting for excluded volume effects, and the related subgrid stresses on the fluid (Capecelatro & Desjardins 2013; Ireland & Desjardins 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the limit of small particle Reynolds number, and dilute volume fractions, the particle-source in cell method (Crowe, Sharma & Stock 1977) has been the first approach designed to capture the interphase momentum exchange. Since (Crowe et al 1977), many alternative and more accurate approaches have been conceived -see, for instance, Garg et al (2007), Horwitz & Mani (2016), Pakseresht, Esmaily & Apte (2020) and Evrard, Denner & van Wachem (2021) -in the context of Euler-Lagrangian simulations. Other authors filtered the fluid equations on the scale of the particle accounting for excluded volume effects, and the related subgrid stresses on the fluid (Capecelatro & Desjardins 2013;Ireland & Desjardins 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Stokes number and particle-to-fluid density ratio on turbulence modification in channel flows

Gualtieri,

Battista,

Salvadore

et al. 2023

J. Fluid Mech.

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Two-way momentum-coupled direct numerical simulations of a particle-laden turbulent channel flow are addressed to investigate the effect of the particle Stokes number and of the particle-to-fluid density ratio on the turbulence modification. The exact regularised point-particle method is used to model the interphase momentum exchange in presence of solid boundaries, allowing the exploration of an extensive region of the parameter space. Results show that the particles increase the friction drag in the parameter space region considered, namely the Stokes number $St_+ \in [2,80]$ , and the particle-to-fluid density ratio $\rho _p/\rho _f \in [90,5760]$ at a fixed mass loading $\phi =0.4$ . It is noteworthy that the highest drag occurs for small Stokes number particles. A measurable drag increase occurs for all particle-to-fluid density ratios, the effect being reduced significantly only at the highest value of $\rho _p/\rho _f$ . The modified stress budget and turbulent kinetic energy equation provide the rationale behind the observed behaviour. The particles’ extra stress causes an additional momentum flux towards the wall that modifies the structure of the buffer and of the viscous sublayer where the streamwise and wall-normal velocity fluctuations are increased. Indeed, in the viscous sublayer, additional turbulent kinetic energy is produced by the particles’ back-reaction, resulting in a strong augmentation of the spatial energy flux towards the wall where the energy is ultimately dissipated. This behaviour explains the increase of friction drag in particle-laden wall-bounded flows.

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Quantifying the errors of the particle-source-in-cell Euler-Lagrange method

Cited by 11 publications

References 25 publications

Simulation of Reacting, Moving Granular Assemblies of Thermally Thick Particles by Discrete Element Method/Computational Fluid Dynamics

Simulation of Reacting, Moving Granular Assemblies of Thermally Thick Particles by Discrete Element Method/Computational Fluid Dynamics

Transferring Bubble Breakage Models Tailored for Euler-Euler Approaches to Euler-Lagrange Simulations

Effect of Stokes number and particle-to-fluid density ratio on turbulence modification in channel flows

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