Quantifying the Effects of Drought Using the Crop Moisture Stress as an Indicator of Maize and Sunflower Yield Reduction in Serbia

Mimić, Gordan; Živaljević, Branislav; Blagojević, Dragana; Pejak, Branislav; Brdar, Sanja

doi:10.3390/atmos13111880

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Undoubtedly, the rainfall factor is a major element in the cultivation of maize [62,63], especially if the rainfall level is defective during certain years or during certain stages of the vegetation period [64]. Moderate moisture from the appearance of the eighth leaf to tillering and from drought to tillering cuts maize yield in half [65]. The production also drops by half when the plants grow in drought conditions until the formation of the first eight leaves, and in moderate humidity conditions until sprouting [66,67], even if they continue to benefit from optimal humidity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Climatic Factors on the Development Stages of Maize Crop in the Transylvanian Plain

Șimon¹,

Moraru

Ceclan³

et al. 2023

Agronomy

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Climate change has become the biggest global challenge, being a real danger especially for crops and an inevitable threat to food security. This paper presents the results of a study conducted in the Transylvanian Plain during 2012–2021, regarding the influence of climatic factors, such as temperature, rainfall, water reserve in the soil and hours of sunshine, on the development stages and yield of maize. During 2012–2021, the soil water reserve determined for maize cultivation was above the minimum requirements (1734.8 m3 ha−1) in the spring months, but fell below this limit in the months when the water consumption for maize was the highest, but without reaching the withering index (1202.8 m3 ha−1). The hours of sunshine in the maize vegetation period have been significantly reduced from 1655.5 h (2012) to values between 1174.6 and 1296.7 h, with a significant decrease in this parameter being observed. The coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.51) shows the importance of rainfall during the period of emergence of reproductive organs in maize production. During 2019–2021, there was a decreasing trend of temperatures in May compared to the multiannual average of this month, and therefore the processes of emergence and growth of plants in the early stages were affected. During the period of the study, all parameters analyzed (temperature, rainfall, water reserve in the soil, hours of sunshine) deviated from the multiannual average, with negative variations compared to the requirements of maize. Climatic conditions, especially during the growing season, have a significant influence on the yield of a crop, especially when the interaction between several parameters is manifested.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Climatic Factors on the Development Stages of Maize Crop in the Transylvanian Plain

Șimon¹,

Moraru

Ceclan³

et al. 2023

Agronomy

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“…B. halotolerans was reported to protect plant growth and alleviate salt stress in wheat by modulating phytohormone synthesis and regulating osmotic balance, ion homeostasis, and gene expression [ 85 ]. Another important abiotic stress which leads to negative impact on crop production is agricultural drought as a period of soil moisture deficit resulting from a combination of rainfall deficiency and excessive evapotranspiration in a particular region [ 9 ]. Twenty-one isolates from sugar beets could be classified as drought-tolerant bacteria based on their ability to grow under high moisture deficit stress conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Drought and high salinities are one of the limiting factors in the growth and productivity of agricultural crops, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. As a natural hazard, drought in Serbia in the summer of 2017 severely affected agricultural production, reducing yields of corn, sunflower, soybeans, and sugar beets between 30 and 60%, while the total loss was estimated at $1.5 billion [ 9 ]. In this regard, it has been reported that PGPBs enhanced tolerance to drought and salt stress of many different crops [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into Endophytic and Rhizospheric Bacteria of Five Sugar Beet Hybrids in Terms of Their Diversity, Plant-Growth Promoting, and Biocontrol Properties

Petrović,

Janakiev,

Grbić

et al. 2023

Microb Ecol

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Sugar beet is the most important crop for sugar production in temperate zones. The plant microbiome is considered an important factor in crop productivity and health. Here, we investigated the bacterial diversity of seeds, roots, and rhizosphere of five sugar beet hybrids named Eduarda (ED), Koala (KO), Tibor (T), Tajfun (TF), and Cercospora-resistant (C). A culture-independent next-generation sequencing approach was used for the further investigation of seed-borne endophytes. Hybrid-associated bacteria were evaluated for their plant growth–promoting (PGP) characteristics, antagonistic activity towards Cercospora beticola and several Fusarium strains in dual culture assays, and drought and salinity tolerance. High-throughput sequencing revealed that the Proteobacteria phylum was most dominant in the seeds of all hybrids, followed by Cyanobacteria and Actinobacteriota. The predominant genus in all hybrids was Pantoea, followed by Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Chalicogloea, Corynebacterium, Enterobacter, Enterococcus, Glutamicibacter, Kosakonia, and Marinilactibacillus. Unique genera in the hybrids were Pleurocapsa and Arthrobacter (T), Klebsiella (TF), Apibacter (ED), and Alloscardovia (KO). The genera that were most represented in one hybrid were Weissella and Staphylococcus (TF); Streptococcus (T); Gardnerella, Prevotella, and Rothia (KO); and Gilliamella, Lactobacillus, and Snodgrassella (ED). Thirty-two bacteria out of 156 isolates from the rhizosphere, roots, and seeds were selected with respect to various plant growth–promoting activities in vitro, i.e., nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, siderophore production, indole-3-acetic acid production, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase activity, hydrogen cyanide production, exoenzymatic activity (amylase, protease, lipase, cellulase, xylanase, mannanases, gelatinase, and pectinase), mitigation of environmental stresses, and antifungal activity. Mixta theicola KO3-44, Providencia vermicola ED3-10, Curtobacterium pusillum ED2-6, and Bacillus subtilis KO3-18 had the highest potential to promote plant growth due to their multiple abilities (nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, production of siderophores, and IAA). The best antagonistic activity towards phytopathogenic fungi was found for Bacillus velezensis C3-19, Paenibacillus polymyxa C3-36 and Bacillus halotolerans C3-16/2.1. Only four isolates B. velezensis T2-23, B. subtilis T3-4, B. velezensis ED2-2, and Bacillus halotolerans C3-16/2.1 all showed enzymatic activity, with the exception of xylanase production. B. halotolerans C3-16/2.1 exhibited the greatest tolerance to salinity, while two B. subtilis strains (C3-62 and TF2-1) grew successfully at the maximum concentration of PEG. The current study demonstrates that sugar beet–associated bacteria have a wide range of beneficial traits and are therefore highly promising for the formulation of biological control and PGP agents.

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“…Sunflower is a species with a high impact on human food security that is susceptible to drought stress (Smaeili et al, 2022). The problems caused by the sunflower drought are evident not only in the Republic of Moldova, but also in various countries in its geographical vicinity (Harsányi et al, 2021;Mimić et al, 2022). However, in order to sustainably increase sunflower yield and oil quality under drought stress and future climate change, extensive research on the integration of different management options, including agronomic management, traditional breeding, and modern biotechnological advances, is required.…”

Section: Concerns Regarding Sunflower Crops In the Context Of Climate...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of droughts on sunflower production in the Republic of Moldova

Duca

Ilie

Rodion

2022

Not Bot Horti Agrobo

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The impact of climate change on agriculture is difficult to assess, but estimating the possible effects generated by the increase in the frequency and intensity of weather-climate risk phenomena is a necessity. The purpose of this study is to highlight the impact of droughts of different intensity and territorial expansion on the sunflower crop in the Republic of Moldova. For this, the data from the last twenty years were analyzed, regarding the area cultivated with sunflowers, the global production and the average yield in the administrative-territorial profile, as well as annual and semi-annual precipitation and temperatures. During the analyzed period, the global sunflower production in the Republic of Moldova registers general growth trends, explained, for the most part, by the constant increase of the cultivated area, but also due to the high productive and qualitative performance of the new hybrids introduced into the crop. The analysis of the relationship between precipitation and temperature, and the sunflower harvest, highlighted the temporal evolution of the parameters and the dependence of the sunflower yield on environmental factors, and the negative influence of the drought on the harvest. The years with the highest droughts had a significant impact on the average harvest per hectare, strongly affecting the yield of sunflowers and reducing it by about 50%. The sunflower harvest was closely related to the precipitation during the growing season and those in the cold half of the year and less to the amount of annual rainfall. In addition, the high temperatures associated with periods of precipitation deficit determined low yields.

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Quantifying the Effects of Drought Using the Crop Moisture Stress as an Indicator of Maize and Sunflower Yield Reduction in Serbia

Cited by 9 publications

References 32 publications

The Impact of Climatic Factors on the Development Stages of Maize Crop in the Transylvanian Plain

The Impact of Climatic Factors on the Development Stages of Maize Crop in the Transylvanian Plain

Insights into Endophytic and Rhizospheric Bacteria of Five Sugar Beet Hybrids in Terms of Their Diversity, Plant-Growth Promoting, and Biocontrol Properties

The impact of droughts on sunflower production in the Republic of Moldova

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