Quantifying the effect of solution formulation on the removal of soft solid food deposits from stainless steel substrates

Abstract

The role of detergent formulation on the cleaning of a complex carbohydrate-fat food soil from stainless steel surfaces was studied using a modified version of the millimanipulation device described by Ali et al. (2015b) which allowed the force required to scrape the soil from the surface to be measured as the soil is immersed, in situ and in real time. This allowed the influence of temperature, solution chemistry and time on the mechanical forces (rheology) and removal behaviour of the soil to be studied-in effect quantifying the relationships in Sinner's cleaning circle. The soil simulated a burnt-on baked-on deposit and featured regular cracking in the 300 m thick layer. The removal force decreased noticeably on hydration: the cleaning mechanism was then determined by the agents present. At 20C, below the temperature at which the fat phase was mobile, removal was characterised by cohesive failure except in the presence of the cationic surfactant CTAB, which promoted adhesive failure and fast decay in removal force. At 50C, when the fat was mobile, a transition between cohesive and adhesive failure was observed at pH 7 which was inhibited at higher pH. Adhesive failure and fast decay in removal force was observed at higher pH and 50C in the presence of the anionic and non-ionic surfactants, SDBS and TX-100, respectively.

Intelligent Industrial Cleaning: A Multi-Sensor Approach Utilising Machine Learning-Based Regression

“…The fouling materials selected for the experimental tests were tomato paste, gravy, and concentrated malt extract. This range of different materials was utilized to investigate the different fouling and cleaning mechanisms [ 37 , 38 ]. Full details of the fouling materials are available in [ 27 ].…”

“…The fouling layer was obtained by applying 15 grams of the material on to the centre of the bottom plate of the rig (in correspondence of the US transducer, which was attached on the The fouling materials selected for the experimental tests were tomato paste, gravy, and concentrated malt extract. This range of different materials was utilized to investigate the different fouling and cleaning mechanisms [37,38]. Full details of the fouling materials are available in [27].…”

Fluid‐dynamic gauging for studying the initial swelling of soft solid layers

“…The complex model food soil (CMS) contained water, fats, carbohydrates, proteins, and salt. Its composition and preparation were reported by Cuckston et al 14 The mixture was spread as a slurry on the substrate using a doctor blade to give a wet thickness of 0.4 ± 0.05 mm. The layers were left for at least 1 day to dry then baked at 204 C for 7 min followed by cooling to room temperature.…”

“…3,[5][6][7]9,12,13 Chew et al 12 poly(vinyl acetate), PVAc; and a complex model food soil containing starches, proteins, and fats which is known to present challenges in cleaning. 14…”

Cleaning Ability of Mixed Solutions of Sulfonated Fatty Acid Methyl Esters

“…These studies are helpful for industry to select the most suitable surfactants for commercial detergent products. However, the mechanism of soil removal processes has not been investigated using the available methods for characterizing the soil detachment at nano‐, micro‐, and macro‐scales (Cuckston et al, ).…”