Quantifying the Cenozoic marine diatom deposition history: links to the C and Si cycles

Renaudie, Johan

doi:10.5194/bg-13-6003-2016

Cited by 56 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 77 publications

(104 reference statements)

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“…In addition, the rise to ecological prominence of the diatoms is a relevant landmark in the history of the Earth system with a probable increase in the strength and efficiency of the biological pump and its impact on C (Renaudie, 2016). Therefore, the study of secular changes in the Si cycle bears on our general understanding of geochemical cycles in marine systems.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosilicification Drives a Decline of Dissolved Si in the Oceans through Geologic Time

et al. 2017

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Biosilicification has driven variation in the global Si cycle over geologic time. The evolution of different eukaryotic lineages that convert dissolved Si (DSi) into mineralized structures (higher plants, siliceous sponges, radiolarians, and diatoms) has driven a secular decrease in DSi in the global ocean leading to the low DSi concentrations seen today. Recent studies, however, have questioned the timing previously proposed for the DSi decreases and the concentration changes through deep time, which would have major implications for the cycling of carbon and other key nutrients in the ocean. Here, we combine relevant genomic data with geological data and present new hypotheses regarding the impact of the evolution of biosilicifying organisms on the DSi inventory of the oceans throughout deep time. Although there is no fossil evidence for true silica biomineralization until the late Precambrian, the timing of the evolution of silica transporter genes suggests that bacterial silicon-related metabolism has been present in the oceans since the Archean with eukaryotic silicon metabolism already occurring in the Neoproterozoic. We hypothesize that biological processes have influenced oceanic DSi concentrations since the beginning of oxygenic photosynthesis.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosilicification Drives a Decline of Dissolved Si in the Oceans through Geologic Time

et al. 2017

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“…Such water mass age tracers include deep ocean gradients in the 𝛿 13 C of benthic foraminifera and neodymium isotopes and indicate that deep NCW during the Middle Miocene either may not have been a significant global contributor, or its geochemical signal was diluted during transit to the Southern Ocean and Pacific (Cortese et al, 2004; Renaudie, 2016). Our SST values for Sites 608 and 982 compared to a compilation of Atlantic benthic δ 13 C values (Cramer et al, 2009) shows only a minor increase in δ 13 C (a proxy for MOC‐ventilation) during the MMCT, with a larger increase in the late Miocene (Poore et al, 2006), at the time when the Site 608–982 SST gradient re‐emerged (Figure 4).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Miocene Evolution of North Atlantic Sea Surface Temperature

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Thomas

Pagani

et al. 2020

Paleoceanog and Paleoclimatol

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We reconstruct sea surface temperatures (SSTs) at Deep Sea Drilling Project Site 608 (42.836°N, 23.087°), north of the Azores Front, and Ocean Drilling Program Site 982 (57.516°N, 15.866°), under the North Atlantic Current, in order to track Miocene (23.1-5.3 Ma) development of North Atlantic surface waters. Mean annual SSTs from TEX 86 and U K′37 proxy estimates at both sites were 10-15°C higher than modern through the Miocene Climatic Optimum (17-14.5 Ma). During the global cooling of the Middle Miocene Climate Transition (~14.5-12.5 Ma), SSTs at midlatitude Site 608 cooled by~6°C, whereas high-latitude Site 982 cooled by only~2°C, resulting in an~4 Myr collapse of the SST gradient between the two sites. This regional pattern is inconsistent with an increased latitudinal surface temperature gradient, as generally associated with global cooling episodes linked to decreasing pCO 2 levels. Instead, the pattern is best explained by enhanced ocean heat transport into the high-latitude North Atlantic superimposed on the global cooling trend, probably due to enhanced Atlantic meridional overturning circulation and/or a stronger North Atlantic Current. During global late Miocene cooling (~8-7 Ma), surface waters cooled bỹ 6°C at Site 982 while minimal change occurred at Site 608, reestablishing the North Atlantic SST gradient. The collapse and reemergence of the SST gradient between the middle-and high-latitude North Atlantic suggests that interaction between changes in regional ocean circulation and the global response to changes in greenhouse gas concentration was important in Miocene climate evolution.

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“…Since diatom species distributions are largely controlled by environmental variables (light, moisture conditions, temperature, current velocity, salinity, pH, oxygen, inorganic nutrients) and anthropogenic factors (e.g., organic pollution sources, acidification and eutrophication), 13,14 they have become a standard tool in geology, archaeology, and water quality research (e.g., Refs 15 and 16). Diatoms have been used extensively in a wide range of applications as bioindicators of water quality, 17 as biostratigraphical markers in marine deposits, 18,19 as stratigraphic indicators for mineral and petroleum exploration, [20][21][22][23][24] or as indicators of climate change (Box 1). [25][26][27][28] But while diatoms have been continued to be used in across the environmental sciences, their use in hydrology has been limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Terrestrial diatoms as tracers in catchment hydrology: a review

et al. 2017

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Diatoms are remarkable organisms. They are present in almost all habitats containing water (e.g., lakes, streams, soils, bark) and rank among the most common algal groups in both freshwaters and marine ecosystems. The ubiquitous character of aquatic diatoms has triggered countless applications as environmental tracers for studies in water quality, paleoclimate reconstruction and sediment tracing. However, diatoms also occur in the terrestrial environment. It is this plethora of diatom life-forms that has recently triggered interest in their use as tracers of hydrological processes. The use of diatoms in catchment hydrology has been very limited. Part of the reason is that until recently, the taxonomy and ecology of terrestrial diatom assemblages were largely unknown. However, in the past decade, much work has been done to quantify terrestrial diatom reservoir size, dynamics, and potential depletion following precipitation events. Therefore, such terrestrial diatoms now hold promise for use in catchment hydrology-for tracing runoff flow sources and pathways across a wide range of spatial scales. Here we review the literature on terrestrial diatoms and describe the various sampling protocols that have been designed and tested for specific applications in hydrological processes research. We review and summarize the work on terrestrial diatom reservoir characterization, transport mechanisms and pathways to show how such diatom-based tracer work might be possible at the catchment scale for rainfall-runoff studies. Finally, we present a vision for future work that might take advantage of terrestrial diatoms in catchment hydrology and discuss the main challenges going forward. © 2017 The Authors. WIREs Water published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. How to cite this article:WIREs Water 2017Water , 4:e1241. doi: 10.1002Water /wat2.1241 INTRODUCTION D iatoms (Bacillariophyta) are present in almost all habitats containing water (e.g., lakes, streams, soils, litter, bark). They count among the most common algal groups in both freshwaters and marine ecosystems. 1 Despite their microscopic size (10-200 microns), 2 diatoms generate an impressive amount of carbon through photosynthesis: almost as much as all rainforests combined. 3 Identification of diatoms date back to the early 1700s as noted by Round et al. 1 Decades later, Otto Friedrich Müller published the first description of a diatom in 1783 (Vibrio paxillifer ≡ Bacillaria paradoxa). Since then, This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes. more than 64,000 diatom species have been described-and new species are added to that list almost daily with the number of extant species extrapolated to ca 100,000. 4,5 The identification of diatoms (from the Greek 'diatomos' or 'cut in half') commonly relies on the highly differentiated cell wall (or frustule) that is mostly co...

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Quantifying the Cenozoic marine diatom deposition history: links to the C and Si cycles

Cited by 56 publications

References 77 publications

Biosilicification Drives a Decline of Dissolved Si in the Oceans through Geologic Time

Biosilicification Drives a Decline of Dissolved Si in the Oceans through Geologic Time

Miocene Evolution of North Atlantic Sea Surface Temperature

Terrestrial diatoms as tracers in catchment hydrology: a review

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