Quantifying selection on standard metabolic rate and body mass in
            <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>

Videlier, Mathieu; Careau, Vincent; Wilson, Alastair J.; Rundle, Howard D.

doi:10.1111/evo.14126

Cited by 19 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 64 publications

(73 reference statements)

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“…We used the log- and square root-transformed mean ADS data as dependent variables in linear models. We included infection status, sex and an infection-by-sex interaction effect as independent variables, as well as additional independent variables to account for other potential sources of activity variation: randomly assigned animal chamber (1–16), experimental start time, mean water vapour (ppt), mean relative humidity (%), mean temperature (°C) and mean light intensity (lux) [66,67]. We evaluated the significance of individual effects using F tests and type III sum of squares using the ‘Anova' function in the car R package [68,69].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pervasive effects ofWolbachiaon host activity

2021

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Heritable symbionts have diverse effects on the physiology, reproduction and fitness of their hosts. Maternally transmitted Wolbachia are one of the most common endosymbionts in nature, infecting about half of all insect species. We test the hypothesis that Wolbachia alter host behaviour by assessing the effects of 14 different Wolbachia strains on the locomotor activity of nine Drosophila host species. We find that Wolbachia alter the activity of six different host genotypes, including all hosts in our assay infected with w Ri-like Wolbachia strains ( w Ri, w Suz and w Aur), which have rapidly spread among Drosophila species in about the last 14 000 years. While Wolbachia effects on host activity were common, the direction of these effects varied unpredictably and sometimes depended on host sex. We hypothesize that the prominent effects of w Ri-like Wolbachia may be explained by patterns of Wolbachia titre and localization within host somatic tissues, particularly in the central nervous system. Our findings support the view that Wolbachia have wide-ranging effects on host behaviour. The fitness consequences of these behavioural modifications are important for understanding the evolution of host–symbiont interactions, including how Wolbachia spread within host populations.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pervasive effects ofWolbachiaon host activity

2021

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“…2019; Videlier et al. 2020). Moreover, there is direct and indirect evidence for divergent selection in the two sexes, as this trait is sexually dimorphic (Partridge et al.…”

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confidence: 99%

Mother's curse is pervasive across a large mitonuclearDrosophilapanel

et al. 2021

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The maternal inheritance of mitochondrial genomes entails a sex‐specific selective sieve, whereby mutations in mitochondrial DNA can only respond to selection acting on females. In theory, this enables male‐harming mutations to accumulate in mitochondrial genomes as long as they are neutral, beneficial, or only slightly deleterious to females. Ultimately, this bias could drive the evolution of male‐specific mitochondrial mutation loads, an idea known as mother's curse. Earlier work on this hypothesis has mainly used small Drosophila panels, in which naturally sourced mitochondrial genomes were coupled to an isogenic nuclear background. The lack of nuclear genetic variation in these designs has precluded robust generalization. Here, we test the predictions of mother's curse using a large Drosophila mitonuclear genetic panel, comprising nine isogenic nuclear genomes coupled to nine mitochondrial haplotypes, giving a total of 81 different mitonuclear genotypes. Following a predictive framework, we tested the mother's curse hypothesis by screening our panel for wing size. This trait is tightly correlated with overall body size and is sexually dimorphic in Drosophila. Moreover, growth is heavily reliant on metabolism and mitochondrial function, making wing size an ideal trait for the study of the impact of mitochondrial variation. We detect high levels of mitonuclear epistasis, and more importantly, we report that mitochondrial genetic variance is larger in male than female Drosophila for eight out of the nine nuclear genetic backgrounds used. These results demonstrate that the maternal inheritance of mitochondrial DNA does indeed modulate male life history traits in a more generalisable way than previously demonstrated.

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“…Videlier et al. (20211) estimated phenotypic selection on mass and SMR in the current population, but conclusions concerning sexual antagonism are unclear. Selection differentials were positive and similar for both traits in males and females, but gradients were nonsignificant (due to the strong mass‐SMR covariances) and, while nonlinear selection was detected in females only, it was present over a range of trait values that were absent in males.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Sex‐specific genetic (co)variances of standard metabolic rate, body mass and locomotor activity in Drosophila melanogaster

Videlier

Rundle

Careau

2021

J of Evolutionary Biology

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A longstanding focus in evolutionary physiology concerns the causes and consequences of variation in maintenance metabolism. Insight into this can be gained by estimating the sex‐specific genetic architecture of maintenance metabolism alongside other, potentially correlated traits on which selection may also act, such as body mass and locomotor activity. This may reveal potential genetic constraints affecting the evolution of maintenance metabolism. Here, we used a half‐sibling breeding design to quantify the sex‐specific patterns of genetic (co)variance in standard metabolic rate (SMR), body mass and daily locomotor activity in Drosophila melanogaster. There was detectable additive genetic variance for all traits in both sexes. As expected, SMR and body mass were strongly and positively correlated, with genetic allometry exponents (bA ± SE) that were close to 2/3 in females (0.66 ± 0.16) and males (0.58 ± 0.32). There was a significant and positive genetic correlation between SMR and locomotor activity in males, suggesting that alleles that increase locomotion have pleiotropic effects on SMR. Sexual differences in the genetic architecture were largely driven by a difference in genetic variance in locomotor activity between the sexes. Overall, genetic variation was mostly shared between males and females, setting the stage for a potential intralocus sexual conflict in the face of sexually antagonistic selection.

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Quantifying selection on standard metabolic rate and body mass in Drosophila melanogaster

Cited by 19 publications

References 64 publications

Pervasive effects ofWolbachiaon host activity

Pervasive effects ofWolbachiaon host activity

Mother's curse is pervasive across a large mitonuclearDrosophilapanel

Sex‐specific genetic (co)variances of standard metabolic rate, body mass and locomotor activity in Drosophila melanogaster

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