Quantifying potential propagule pressure of aquatic invasive species from the commercial shipping industry in Canada

Lo, Veronica; Levings, C. D.; Chan, Kai M. A.

doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2011.11.016

Cited by 37 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Estimates of propagule pressure (the number of viable individuals introduced to a recipient area over time) that reflect anthropogenic activity, such as population density and distance to major transportation hubs, have been shown to have strong effects on distributions of non-native species (Gallardo, Zieritz, & Aldridge, 2015;Bellard, Leroy, Thuiller, Rysman, & Courchamp, 2016). Furthermore, trends in global trade have shaped geographic and taxonomic patterns of biological invasions for centuries (Westphal, Browne, MacKinnon, & Noble, 2007;Hulme, 2009), and intercontinental translocation of NAS continues to accompany vectors such as international vessel traffic, aquaculture and aquarium trade (Padilla & Williams, 2004;Lo, Levings, & Chan, 2012;Cope, Prowse, Ross, Wittmann, & Cassey, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recreational freshwater fishing drives non‐native aquatic species richness patterns at a continental scale

Davis

Darling

2017

Diversity and Distributions

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AimMapping the geographic distribution of non-native aquatic species is a critically important precursor to understanding the anthropogenic and environmental factors that drive freshwater biological invasions. Such efforts are often limited to local scales and/or to single species, due to the challenges of data acquisition at larger scales. Here, we map the distribution of non-native freshwater species richness across the continental United States and investigate the role of human activity in driving macro-scale patterns of aquatic invasion.LocationThe continental United States.MethodsWe assembled maps of non-native aquatic species richness by compiling occurrence data on exotic animal and plant species from publicly accessible databases. Using a dasymetric model of human population density and a spatially explicit model of recreational freshwater fishing demand, we analysed the effect of these metrics of human influence on the degree of invasion at the watershed scale, while controlling for spatial and sampling bias. We also assessed the effects that a temporal mismatch between occurrence data (collected since 1815) and cross-sectional predictors (developed using 2010 data) may have on model fit.ResultsNon-native aquatic species richness exhibits a highly patchy distribution, with hotspots in the Northeast, Great Lakes, Florida, and human population centres on the Pacific coast. These richness patterns are correlated with population density, but are much more strongly predicted by patterns of recreational fishing demand. These relationships are strengthened by temporal matching of datasets and are robust to corrections for sampling effort.Main conclusionsDistributions of aquatic non-native species across the continental US are better predicted by freshwater recreational fishing than by human population density. This suggests that observed patterns are driven by a mechanistic link between recreational activity and aquatic non-native species richness and are not merely the outcome of sampling bias associated with human population density.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recreational freshwater fishing drives non‐native aquatic species richness patterns at a continental scale

Davis

Darling

2017

Diversity and Distributions

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“…), waterway connectivity (Panov et al . ), the density of fish farms and garden centres (Copp, Templeton & Gozlan ), ship movement and ballast water discharge (Lo, Levings & Chan ). These studies have confirmed a positive relationship between the intensity of socio‐economic development and the number of invasive species introduced in a particular region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The ‘dirty dozen’: socio‐economic factors amplify the invasion potential of 12 high‐risk aquatic invasive species in Great Britain and Ireland

Gallardo

Aldridge

2013

Journal of Applied Ecology

119

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Summary1. Aquatic invasive species are a growing concern to environmental managers because of their diverse impacts on aquatic biodiversity and high eradication costs, necessitating effective management policies. In this study, we evaluate the ability of environmental and socioeconomic factors to predict the risk of invasion in Great Britain and Ireland of 12 potential aquatic invaders covering all major aquatic groups. Despite their potential to inform risk assessments, this is the first time socio-economic factors related to propagule pressure have been specifically integrated in distribution modelling. 2. Species distribution models (SDM, MaxEnt algorithm) were calibrated with a set of environmental factors (e.g. bioclimatic, geographical and geological) and integrated with socioeconomic (e.g. human influence index, population density, closeness to ports) predictors. 3. The inclusion of socio-economic factors in SDM did not affect accuracy scores (AUC already >0Á90), but their effects were more pronounced in spatial predictions, resulting in up to a sixfold amplification of the area predicted suitable for each species. Despite the inclusion of potential surrogates of water chemistry (e.g. geology) and propagule pressure (e.g. population density), temperature-related variables were most important predictors of aquatic species' distributions. 4. According to SDM, the environmental suitability for a suite of invaders belonging to different taxonomic groups and regions of origin is greatest in east and south-east England and decreases towards the north and west. Multiple invasions in this region are of special concern, as species are known to modify their habitat facilitating subsequent invasions, thereby potentially exacerbating their impacts. 5. Major management regions to be prioritized in monitoring programmes include the Humber, Thames and Anglian River Basin Districts. Species of special concern include a mysid (Hemimysis anomala), a gammarid (Dikerogammarus villosus), a plant (Ludwigia grandiflora) and two crayfishes (Procambarus clarkii and P. fallax). 6. Synthesis and Applications. The inclusion of socio-economic factors in species distribution models has the potential to improve predictions of areas under a highest risk of multiple invasions and to help disentangle the complex interplay between biological invasions and global environmental and socio-economic processes. Such understanding is pivotal to prioritize limited resources for the optimum prevention and control of biological invasions.

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“…duration of voyage and source region) and that it has been shown that where detailed propagule pressure data are lacking (e.g. ballast water, biofouling and cargo offload data), ship traffic data are a useful proxy [10,33,45]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…the number of individuals introduced and/or the number of introduction events for any particular species [31]) and colonisation pressure (i.e. the number of species introduced [32]), busy ports are likely to be more prone to invasions [11,33], and routes with high shipping traffic are more likely to result in introductions and invasions than those with lower traffic [21,34,35]. Consistent with these marine predictions, a large number of terrestrial organisms have been intercepted at the busiest ports of New Zealand and the USA [7,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…a large number of species will establish [40]). Finally, as the amount of shipping traffic and the environmental similarity between ports varies seasonally, so too will the estimated number of species that will be introduced and establish [7,33,35,39]. The contribution of particular shipping routes to establishment debt (and so a country’s invasion debt) will therefore vary, but if we can predict these variations, it might be possible to improve prevention strategies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prioritising surveillance for alien organisms transported as stowaways on ships travelling to South Africa

2017

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The global shipping network facilitates the transportation and introduction of marine and terrestrial organisms to regions where they are not native, and some of these organisms become invasive. South Africa was used as a case study to evaluate the potential for shipping to contribute to the introduction and establishment of marine and terrestrial alien species (i.e. establishment debt) and to assess how this varies across shipping routes and seasons. As a proxy for the number of species introduced (i.e. ‘colonisation pressure’) shipping movement data were used to determine, for each season, the number of ships that visited South African ports from foreign ports and the number of days travelled between ports. Seasonal marine and terrestrial environmental similarity between South African and foreign ports was then used to estimate the likelihood that introduced species would establish. These data were used to determine the seasonal relative contribution of shipping routes to South Africa’s marine and terrestrial establishment debt. Additionally, distribution data were used to identify marine and terrestrial species that are known to be invasive elsewhere and which might be introduced to each South African port through shipping routes that have a high relative contribution to establishment debt. Shipping routes from Asian ports, especially Singapore, have a particularly high relative contribution to South Africa’s establishment debt, while among South African ports, Durban has the highest risk of being invaded. There was seasonal variation in the shipping routes that have a high relative contribution to the establishment debt of the South African ports. The presented method provides a simple way to prioritise surveillance effort and our results indicate that, for South Africa, port-specific prevention strategies should be developed, a large portion of the available resources should be allocated to Durban, and seasonal variations and their consequences for prevention strategies should be explored further.

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Quantifying potential propagule pressure of aquatic invasive species from the commercial shipping industry in Canada

Cited by 37 publications

References 28 publications

Recreational freshwater fishing drives non‐native aquatic species richness patterns at a continental scale

Recreational freshwater fishing drives non‐native aquatic species richness patterns at a continental scale

The ‘dirty dozen’: socio‐economic factors amplify the invasion potential of 12 high‐risk aquatic invasive species in Great Britain and Ireland

Prioritising surveillance for alien organisms transported as stowaways on ships travelling to South Africa

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