“…In addition to the parameters impacting user's experience, this work also considers data traffic localization and the multimedia server's load reduction. In previous works using the ASpath length as a cost metric [11]- [14], one of the goals of using ALTO was to localize the data traffic to the originating AS. This work considers data traffic localization to the BNG connecting a user to the rest of the network.…”
Section: Alto Protocol Cost Metricsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…RELATED WORK A substantial part of the global Internet traffic is generated by P2P-based data exchange [1]. A big part of previous work in the area [11]- [14] derives the ALTO cost metric from the global Internet topology. This is achieved by counting the number of Autonomous Systems (AS) that are traversed (AS-path length) when data travels between the source and destination addresses.…”
The ALTO provided data-routing cost metric, can be used to rank peers in P2P communication systems. However, the method to derive the data-routing cost metric is undefined by the standard. This paper proposes and evaluates three methods to derive the data-routing cost metric for use in ALTO servers.
“…In addition to the parameters impacting user's experience, this work also considers data traffic localization and the multimedia server's load reduction. In previous works using the ASpath length as a cost metric [11]- [14], one of the goals of using ALTO was to localize the data traffic to the originating AS. This work considers data traffic localization to the BNG connecting a user to the rest of the network.…”
Section: Alto Protocol Cost Metricsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…RELATED WORK A substantial part of the global Internet traffic is generated by P2P-based data exchange [1]. A big part of previous work in the area [11]- [14] derives the ALTO cost metric from the global Internet topology. This is achieved by counting the number of Autonomous Systems (AS) that are traversed (AS-path length) when data travels between the source and destination addresses.…”
The ALTO provided data-routing cost metric, can be used to rank peers in P2P communication systems. However, the method to derive the data-routing cost metric is undefined by the standard. This paper proposes and evaluates three methods to derive the data-routing cost metric for use in ALTO servers.
“…Also, large-scale trials of ALTO-enhanced P2P filesharing in actual operator networks have been conducted [9] [10]. In [11], the cost-savings potential through ALTO on P2P live streaming traffic has been analysed. Recently, ALTO is also being considered for improving the request routing within CDNs [5], i.e.…”
Many network operators have recently started to deploy their own Content Delivery Networks (CDNs) within their administrative domain. Having a CDN deployed within an operator's network has the advantage of potentially placing caches very close to the end user, thereby increasing Quality of Service for the user, while at the same time saving delivery costs for the operator. However, if each network operator hosts its own CDN, there is a need for interconnection among individual CDNs. The standardization of such CDN Interconnection (CDNI) hence has recently started in the IETF and ETSI.In this context, we present the first prototype implementation and evaluation of CDNI request routing facilitated by means of Application Layer Traffic Optimization (ALTO). By advertising network layer topology costs as well as conveying aggregated load on cache clusters, ALTO can enable an upstream CDN to select the best downstream CDN for each content request it intends to redirect. Our experiments study how-by using ALTO-upstream CDN can achieve cost savings while also taking the overall load of the downstream CDN into account.
“…The proposed distributed algorithm could be implemented by means of a two tier structure of trackers (similar in the spirit to the tracker architecture proposed in [9,22,17]). At the top level there is the super-tracker and at the lower level there is a collection of ISP-trackers (one for each ISP).…”
Section: An Isp Streaming Traffic Management Algorithmmentioning
a b s t r a c tThe overlay/underlay topology mismatch affects the performance of existing P2P platforms that can generate large volumes of unnecessary inter-ISP network traffic. Although recent works have shown the benefits of network awareness P2P solutions, no studies have focused on the investigation of the ISP behavior and their cooperative/non-cooperative attitudes.This paper proposes a game theoretic framework to help the design of techniques promoting the ISP cooperation in P2P streaming platforms and decreasing unnecessary inter-domain streaming traffic.We first analyze some simple scenarios to discuss the existence of Nash equilibria, the Pareto optimality, and a fairness criterion to refine the equilibrium points. Moreover, we apply ideas from Evolutionary Game Theory to design a distributed schemata that the ISPs can use to reach ''socially acceptable'' equilibrium points in a large ISP population. Furthermore, we develop a discrete event simulation to evaluate the effectiveness of the Evolutionary Game Theory framework.The study presented in the paper shows that the proposed strategies can effectively stimulate ISP cooperation aiming at the minimization of inter-ISP traffic and help to provide reliable P2P streaming service.
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