Quantifying Evapotranspiration Rates for New Zealand Green Roofs

Voyde, Emily; Fassman, Elizabeth A.; Simcock, Robyn; Wells, Julia

doi:10.1061/(asce)he.1943-5584.0000141

Cited by 109 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…This discrepancy might be because the former calculated the average resistance for the entire plant, while the latter only represented the average resistance of a few sampled leaves. It has been recognized that sedums could have a crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) mechanism, which shuts down stomata during the daytime to save carbon dioxide and water, and opens stomata to resume metabolism during the cooler and wetter nights [22,71,93,94]. Based on the estimated and measured surface resistances, however, no strong CAM was observed for the sedums in this study, as found by others as well [88,90].…”

Section: Parameterization For Evapotranspiration Modelingsupporting

confidence: 54%

“…Marasco et al [86] measured via a dynamic chamber 1.71 mm/d on average for sedums in New York City, NY with 1078 mm annual rainfall, while DiGiovanni et al [33] measured via lysimeters 2.27 mm/d for sedums in the Bronx, NY with an average annual rainfall of 1100 mm. In Auckland, New Zealand, Voyde et al [22] reported 2.21 mm/d for sedums with an annual rainfall of 1240 mm via lysimeter measurements. With a lower water supply (a total of 938 mm water: 496 mm precipitation + 442 mm irrigation) in the studied sub-humid climate compared to the above-listed wetter environments, the values of the observed annual ET rates are not correspondingly smaller.…”

Section: Evapotranspiration Regimementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Green roofs mainly rely on evapotranspiration (ET) to regenerate the retention capacity between rainfall-runoff events [22]. The evaluation of other green roof sustainability objectives (like roof cooling and food production) also requires the accurate estimation of ET.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Observation and Estimation of Evapotranspiration from an Irrigated Green Roof in a Rain-Scarce Environment

Feng

Burian

Pardyjak

2018

Water

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While the rain-driven evapotranspiration (ET) process has been well-studied in the humid climate, the mixed irrigation and rain-driven ET process is less understood for green roof implementations in dry regions, where empirical observations and model parameterizations are lacking. This paper presents an effort of monitoring and simulating the ET process for an irrigated green roof in a rain-scarce environment. Annual ET rates for three weighing lysimeter test units with non-vegetated, sedums, and grass covers were 2.01, 2.52, and 2.69 mm d −1 , respectively. Simulations based on the three Penman-Monteith equation-derived models achieved accuracy within the reported range of previous studies. Compared to the humid climate, the overestimation of high ET rates by existing models is expected to cause a larger error in dry environments, where the enhanced ET process caused by repeated irrigations overlapped with hot, dry conditions often occurs during summer. The studied sedum species did not show significantly lower ET rates than native species, and could not effectively take advantage of the deep moisture storage. Therefore, native species, instead of the shallow-rooted species commonly recommended in humid climates, might be a better choice for green roofs in rain-scarce environments.

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Section: Parameterization For Evapotranspiration Modelingsupporting

confidence: 54%

Section: Evapotranspiration Regimementioning

confidence: 99%

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Observation and Estimation of Evapotranspiration from an Irrigated Green Roof in a Rain-Scarce Environment

Feng

Burian

Pardyjak

2018

Water

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“…Similarly, Voyde et al (2010a) undertook greenhouse trials in Auckland to establish time-based ET decay relationships for two different plant varieties (V1: Sedum mexicanum; V2: Disphyma australe). The corresponding temporal ET decay rate models are presented in Figure 2a.…”

Section: Modelling Et Rates In Green Roof Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although both sets of experiments were conducted under greenhouse conditions and with comparable substrate depths (70-80 mm), other aspects of the experimental studies are less directly comparable. The tests reported by Berghage et al (2007) were conducted at higher temperatures, using larger trays and with different substrate compositions compared with Voyde et al (2010a). Other climatic influences such as humidity, wind speed, light levels and plant species and condition will also have influenced the findings.…”

Section: [Approximate Location Of Figure 2]mentioning

confidence: 99%

A modelling study of long term green roof retention performance

Stovin

Poë

Berretta

2013

Journal of Environmental Management

191

143

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This paper outlines the development of a conceptual hydrological flux model for the long term continuous simulation of runoff and drought risk for green roof systems. A green roof s retention capacity depends upon its physical configuration, but it is also strongly influenced by local climatic controls, including the rainfall characteristics and the restoration of retention capacity associated with evapotranspiration during dry weather periods. The model includes a function that links evapotranspiration rates to substrate moisture content, and is validated against observed runoff data.to typical extensive green roof configurations is demonstrated with reference to four UK locations characterised by contrasting climatic regimes, using 30-year rainfall time-series inputs at hourly simulation time steps. It is shown that retention performance is dependent upon local climatic conditions. Volumetric retention ranges from 0.19 (cool, wet climate) to 0.59 (warm, dry climate). Per event retention is also considered, and it is demonstrated that retention performance decreases significantly when high return period events are considered in isolation. For example, in Sheffield the median per-event retention is 1.00 (many small events), but the median retention for events exceeding a 1 in 1 yr return period threshold is only 0.10. The simulation tool also provides useful information about the likelihood of drought periods, for which irrigation may be required. A sensitivity study suggests that green roofs with reduced moisture-holding capacity and/or low evapotranspiration rates will tend to offer reduced levels of retention, whilst high moisture-holding capacity and low evapotranspiration rates offer the strongest drought resistance.

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Thermal Performance of Green Roof Retrofit

Wilkinson¹,

Feitosa

2016

Green Roof Retrofit

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Quantifying Evapotranspiration Rates for New Zealand Green Roofs

Cited by 109 publications

References 9 publications

Observation and Estimation of Evapotranspiration from an Irrigated Green Roof in a Rain-Scarce Environment

Observation and Estimation of Evapotranspiration from an Irrigated Green Roof in a Rain-Scarce Environment

A modelling study of long term green roof retention performance

Thermal Performance of Green Roof Retrofit

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