Quantified relations between exposure to tobacco smoking and bladder cancer risk: a meta-analysis of 89 observational studies

Osch, Frits van; Jochems, Sylvia H J; Schooten, Frederik‐Jan van; Bryan, Richard T.; Zeegers, Maurice P.

doi:10.1093/ije/dyw044

Cited by 152 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 113 publications

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“…Considering that basal-like tumors tend to be higher grade and stage than luminal-like tumors, our findings are in line with the previous studies, in which smokers, obese and older patients have been consistently found to have higher stage and grade (14–18). Although earlier age of smoking initiation is associated with higher risk for bladder cancer, its influence on pathological features of bladder cancer has received less investigation (19). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age at diagnosis, obesity, smoking, and molecular subtypes in muscle-invasive bladder cancer

Sun

Hoadley

Kim

et al. 2017

Cancer Causes Control

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Background Heterogeneity of muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) has been characterized using whole genome mRNA expression data, showing distinct molecular and clinicopathological characteristics by subtypes. However, associations between risk factors and molecular subtypes have not been reported. Methods Four previously published schemes were used to categorize molecular subtypes in 372 MIBC patients from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Data on gene expression (RNA-seq), demographic, and clinicopathological characteristics were retrieved through TCGA data portal. Polytomous logistic regression was used to estimate the associations of subtypes by different schema with age at diagnosis, obesity, and smoking. Results While some quantitative variation was evident, distinct molecular subtype schemes showed considerable consistency in the association with the risk factors. Generally, compared to patients with luminal-like tumors, patients with basal-like subtypes were more likely to be older (OR75+yrs vs. <60 yrs range=1.32–2.89), obese (ORobese vs. normal range=1.30–3.05), and to start smoking at early age (OR<18 yrs vs. 25+ yrs range=1.11–4.57). Conclusions Different molecular subtypes of MIBC may have distinct risk profiles. Large population-based studies with detailed information on bladder cancer risk factors are needed to further define etiologic heterogeneity for bladder cancer.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age at diagnosis, obesity, smoking, and molecular subtypes in muscle-invasive bladder cancer

Sun

Hoadley

Kim

et al. 2017

Cancer Causes Control

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“…Similarly, those with a 40-pack-year smoking history have a threefold increased risk compared with the twofold increased risk observed in those with a 20-pack-year history, compared with non-smokers. This relationship plateaus after smoking 15 cigarettes a day and 50 pack-years [26]. Black (air-cured) tobacco, which is associated with a two-to fivefold higher exposure to carcinogenic aromatic amines such as 4-aminobiphenyl [27], may be associated with a commensurate two-to threefold increased risk of bladder cancer compared with blond (flue-cured) tobacco [28,29]; however, after controlling for depth of inhalation, no difference between black and blond tobacco and the risk of developing bladder cancer has been identified [30].…”

Section: Bladder Cancermentioning

confidence: 97%

Association of Human Development Index with global bladder, kidney, prostate and testis cancer incidence and mortality

2017

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ObjectivesTo describe contemporary worldwide age-standardized incidence and mortality rates for bladder, kidney, prostate and testis cancer and their association with development. Materials and MethodsWe obtained gender-specific, age-standardized incidence and mortality rates for 184 countries and 16 major world regions from the GLOBOCAN 2012 database. We compared the mortality-to-incidence ratios (MIRs) at national and regional levels in males and females, and assessed the association with socio-economic development using the 2014 United Nations Human Development Index (HDI). ResultsAge-standardized incidence rates were 2.9 (bladder) to 7.4 (testis) times higher for genitourinary malignancies in more developed countries compared with less developed countries. Age-standardized mortality rates were 1.5-2.2 times higher in more vs less developed countries for prostate, bladder and kidney cancer, with no variation in mortality rates observed in testis cancer. There was a strong inverse relationship between HDI and MIR in testis (regression coefficient 1.65, R 2 = 0.78), prostate (regression coefficient À1.56, R 2 = 0.85), kidney (regression coefficient À1.34, R 2 = 0.74), and bladder cancer (regression coefficient À1.01, R 2 = 0.80). ConclusionWhile incidence and mortality rates for genitourinary cancers vary widely throughout the world, the MIR is highest in less developed countries for all four major genitourinary malignancies. Further research is needed to understand whether differences in comorbidities, exposures, time to diagnosis, access to healthcare, diagnostic techniques or treatment options explain the observed inequalities in genitourinary cancer outcomes.

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“…Sigara içiciliği mesane kanseri olgularının %50'sinden fazlasında görülen en önemli risk faktörüdür ve sigara içimi mesane kanseri gelişme riskini 2-4 kat artırmaktadır (7,8). Birçok çalışma sigara içiciliğinin sadece mesane kanserinin gelişiminde rol almadığını, hastalığın ilerlemesinde ve buna bağlı ortaya çıkan sonuçlarda rol aldığını da göstermiştir (9). Literatürdeki çalışmaların çoğunluğu kas invaziv olmayan mesane kanserlerinde sigara içiciliği ile hastalık rekürrensi arasındaki ilişkiye ve ek olarak kanser progresyonuna odaklanmıştır.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Ek olarak çalışmamızda tümör boyutu 3 cm'den büyük olan hastaların sigara içiciliği (paket-yıl) süresinin tümör boyutu 3 cm'den küçük hastalara göre daha fazla olduğu ve histolojik grade 3, grade 2 ve grade 1 hastaların sigara içiciliği (paket-yıl) sürelerinin istatistiksel olarak farklı olduğu bulunmuştur. Literatürde birçok çalışma, sigara ve kas invaziv olmayan mesane kanseri arasındaki ilişkiyi incelerken sigara içme ya da içmeme, sigaraya başlama yaşı ve sigarayı bırakma süresinin hastalığa etkisini göz önünde bulundurmuştur (9,10,11,12,13). Ancak sigara kullanım süresinin ilk tanı anındaki patolojik özelliklerle ilişkisine odaklanan çalışma sayısı azdır (14).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Evaluation of the Relationship Between Duration of Smoking and Clinical and Pathologic Characteristics of Bladder Cancer at Diagnosis

İrer¹,

Dağ²,

Aslan³

2017

uob

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Objective: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between the duration of smoking and clinical and pathological characteristics of malignant bladder cancer at diagnosis. Materials and Methods: In this study, a total of 41 patients who were diagnosed with primary bladder cancer and underwent transurethral resection of bladder tumor in our clinic were included in this study. Clinical and pathological features of bladder tumor such as demographic data, smoking status and tumor size, cystoscopic appearance, tumor grade and grade, presence of lamina propria invasion in histopathological examination, presence of necrosis and inflammation were obtained from medical records. The association of these properties with smoking was evaluated retrospectively. Results: In this study, mean age of patients was determined to be 69.07 years and mean duration of smoking was 49.8 pack-years. We demonstrated that there was a statically significant relationship between duration of smoking and size of tumors, histological grade and grade of the tumor, solid appearance of the tumor, lamina propria invasion of the tumor, squamous differentiation of the tumor, and presence of histopathological inflammation and necrosis in the tumor. Conclusion: The duration of smoking in patients with bladder cancer, may be an important factor that gives information about aggressivity of tumors at the diagnosis to urologist and pathologist.

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Quantified relations between exposure to tobacco smoking and bladder cancer risk: a meta-analysis of 89 observational studies

Abstract: Active smokers are at an increased risk of BC. Dose-response meta-analyses showed a BC risk plateau for smoking intensity and indicate that even after long-term smoking cessation, an elevated risk of bladder cancer remains.

Cited by 152 publications

References 113 publications

Age at diagnosis, obesity, smoking, and molecular subtypes in muscle-invasive bladder cancer

Age at diagnosis, obesity, smoking, and molecular subtypes in muscle-invasive bladder cancer

Association of Human Development Index with global bladder, kidney, prostate and testis cancer incidence and mortality

Evaluation of the Relationship Between Duration of Smoking and Clinical and Pathologic Characteristics of Bladder Cancer at Diagnosis

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