Quantifications of Mandibular Trabecular Bone Microstructure Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography for Age Estimation: A Preliminary Study

Abstract

The aim of this study is two-fold: first, to correlate the values for each of the trabecular bone microstructure (TBM) parameters to the individual’s chronological age and sex, thereby facilitating the assessment of potential age and sex-related changes in trabecular bone microstructure parameters in the mandible; and second, to quantify the trabecular microstructural parameters in relation to chronological age. Twenty cone-beam computed tomographic (CBCT) scans were retrieved retrospectively from a database of adult patients with ages ranging in age from 22 to 43 years. In the mandible, the volume of interest included the inter-dental space between the second mandibular premolar and the first mandibular molar, as well as the trabecular space beneath and between the apices. Using the AnalyzeDirect 14.0 software, the DICOM images of CBCT scans were pre-processed, transformed, segmented using a novel semi-automatic threshold-guided method, and quantified. In addition, TBM parameters were derived, and statistical analysis was conducted using a Pearson correlation test with two tails. All parameters exhibited no statistically significant differences (p > 0.05) between chronological age and sex. Statistically significant negative correlations were found between Tb. N (r = −0.489), BS/TV (r = −0.527), and chronological age (p = 0.029 and p = 0.017, respectively). Only Tb. N and BS/TV exhibited an inverse relationship with chronological age. Numerous studies have quantified the trabecular architecture of the jaw bones, but none have found a correlation between the quantified trabecular parameters and chronological age. The digital imprints produced by radiographic imaging can serve as biological profiles for data collection.

Bamboo-Inspired Porous Scaffolds for Advanced Orthopedic Implants: Design, Mechanical Properties, and Fluid Characteristics

“…Ideal scaffold materials for regenerating new bone tissue should possess high specific surface areas and porosity, thereby promoting cell attachment, proliferation, and differentiation. , With the increase in the strut diameter, a decrease in the specific surface area of the BISs became apparent, as illustrated in Figure A. Moreover, the results unveiled similar specific surface areas across different α values within the d range of 0.3 to 0.55 mm, closely mirroring the specific surface area characteristics observed in the bone unit structure (4–11 mm –1 ). , Cortical bone typically exhibits a porosity range of 5–15%, whereas cancellous bone displays a porosity range of 40–95% . Preserving a porosity level akin to that of cortical bone in titanium alloy, known for its high elastic modulus, will result in stress shielding effects post-implantation.…”

“…Moreover, the results unveiled similar specific surface areas across different α values within the d range of 0.3 to 0.55 mm, closely mirroring the specific surface area characteristics observed in the bone unit structure (4−11 mm −1 ). 44,45 Cortical bone typically exhibits a porosity range of 5−15%, 46 whereas cancellous bone displays a porosity range of 40−95%. 47 Preserving a porosity level akin to that of cortical bone in titanium alloy, known for its high elastic modulus, will result in stress shielding effects post-implantation.…”

Facts to Consider in Developing Materials That Emulate the Upper Jawbone: A Microarchitecture Study Showing Unique Characteristics at Four Different Sites

“…This non-destructive and high-resolution method can depict the trabecular network in various shades of grey colour based on the mineral content. Many studies have routinely applied micro-CT in the structural evaluations of trabecular microstructure [ 19 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 ].…”