Quantification of Tricuspid Regurgitation by Live Three‐Dimensional Transthoracic Echocardiographic Measurements of Vena Contracta Area

Velayudhan, Dasan E.; Brown, Todd M.; Nanda, Navin C.; Patel, Vinod F.; Miller, Andrew P.; Mehmood, Farhat; Rajdev, Sanjay; Fang, Ligang; Frans, Ebenezer; Vengala, Srinivas; Madadi, Pavan; Yelamanchili, Pridhvi; Baysan, Oben

doi:10.1111/j.1540-8175.2006.00314.x

Cited by 105 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Velayudhan et al [31] reported a good feasibility for obtaining the vena contracta area of the tricuspid regurgitant jet from cropping the 3DE color Doppler data set by imaging planes exactly parallel to the TV orifice. The authors also found a poor correlation between the vena contracta area obtained by 3DE and its width measured by 2DE, supporting the concept that, similar to mitral regurgitation, the vena contracta of the tricuspid regurgitant jet has a complex geometry.…”

Section: Functional Tricuspid Regurgitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Tricuspid Valve Morphology and Function by Transthoracic Three-Dimensional Echocardiography

et al. 2011

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Tricuspid valve (TV) disease commonly occurs in combination with left-sided heart disease. Despite the growing enthusiasm for developing novel minimally invasive therapies for the mitral or aortic valve, the TV disease formerly received less attention and was frequently left untreated. Strong evidence has increased the awareness of the impact of severe TV regurgitation on patient survival, functional capacity, and surgical risk. Preoperative TV accurate description is challenging because, unlike left-sided valves, a complete visualization of tricuspid annulus and all three leaflets in one view is routinely impossible by two-dimensional transthoracic or transesophageal echocardiography. Three-dimensional echocardiography (3DE) with its unrestricted imaging capabilities has sparked significant research interest for a better understanding and improved treatment of valvular heart disease. This review summarizes the current status of 3DE for the assessment of TV morphology and function, with its clinical applications and current limitations, as well as its potential implications for designing TV repair techniques.

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Section: Functional Tricuspid Regurgitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Tricuspid Valve Morphology and Function by Transthoracic Three-Dimensional Echocardiography

et al. 2011

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“…A recent article by Velayudhan et al 128 demonstrated efficacy in measuring the vena contracta of the tricuspid regurgitant jet using 3D color Doppler data. Figure 14 shows an example of the use of color 3D echocardiography to guide vena contracta measurements.…”

Section: Color Tricuspid Regurgitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

EAE/ASE Recommendations for Image Acquisition and Display Using Three-Dimensional Echocardiography

Lang

Badano

Tsang

et al. 2012

Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography

856

513

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“…This finding is understandable because the trileaflet nature of the TV creates a complex VC geometry that is better assessed in 3 than 2 dimensions. 12,14 Older age appeared to be associated with a greater degree of prolapse and annular dilatation. Tethering, however, was seen more frequently in younger patients and might suggest a different underlying mechanism of valve failure.…”

Section: Assessment Of the Severity Of Trmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cropping of the RT3D color data set was performed in the 4-chamber view to measure VC area 14 with CardioView software (TomTec Inc, Munich, Germany). When Ͼ1 VC was present, the areas were summed.…”

Section: Measurements Of Vc Area By 3dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-Time 3-Dimensional Echocardiography Provides New Insight Into Mechanisms of Tricuspid Valve Regurgitation in Patients With Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome

et al. 2009

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Background-Tricuspid regurgitation in hypoplastic left heart syndrome has an impact on outcome, but its mechanisms remain unclear. Methods and Results-Real-time 3-dimensional echocardiography was performed in 35 patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (age, 1 month to 10 years; 10 after first-stage Norwood, 12 after superior cavopulmonary shunt, 13 after Fontan). From the 3-dimensional data set, we marked the annulus in systole and diastole. At mid systole, we marked the location of the papillary muscle tip and point of chordal attachment to the leaflet. We traced the surfaces of the tricuspid valve leaflets and measured the volume of leaflet prolapse, tethering, annular and septal leaflet areas, and papillary muscle position. Seventeen patients had moderate tricuspid regurgitation (prolapse, 7; tethered leaflets, 7) and 18 mild (prolapse, 0; tethered leaflets, 7). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that moderate tricuspid regurgitation is associated with leaflet tethering and prolapse; that in hypoplastic left heart syndrome with tethered leaflets, the papillary muscle is displaced laterally and the tricuspid annulus is more planar; and that enlargement of the annulus at mid systole, small septal leaflet area, and age affect the degree of prolapse. Conclusion-In hypoplastic left heart syndrome, moderate tricuspid regurgitation may be associated with increasing age, geometrical changes of the annulus, leaflet prolapse, lateral papillary muscle displacement, and subsequent leaflet tethering, as well as a smaller septal leaflet.

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Quantification of Tricuspid Regurgitation by Live Three‐Dimensional Transthoracic Echocardiographic Measurements of Vena Contracta Area

Cited by 105 publications

References 15 publications

Evaluation of Tricuspid Valve Morphology and Function by Transthoracic Three-Dimensional Echocardiography

Evaluation of Tricuspid Valve Morphology and Function by Transthoracic Three-Dimensional Echocardiography

EAE/ASE Recommendations for Image Acquisition and Display Using Three-Dimensional Echocardiography

Real-Time 3-Dimensional Echocardiography Provides New Insight Into Mechanisms of Tricuspid Valve Regurgitation in Patients With Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome

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