Quantification of topographic changes in the surface of back of young patients monitored for idiopathic scoliosis: correlation with radiographic variables

Abstract

Idiopathic scoliosis requires a close follow-up while the patient is skeletally immature to detect early progression. Patients who are monitored by radiographs are exposed to high doses of ionizing radiation. The purpose of this study is to evaluate if an optic noninvasive method of back surface topography based on structured light would be clinically useful in the follow-up of young patients with idiopathic scoliosis. This could reduce the number of radiographs made on these children. Thirty-one patients with idiopathic scoliosis were submitted twice to radiograph and our topographic method at intervals of 6 months to 1 year. Three topographical variables were applied horizontal plane deformity index (DHOPI), posterior trunk symmetry index (POTSI), and columnar profile (PC). A statistically significant correlation was found between variations of Cobb angle with DHOPI (r=0.720, p<0.01) and POTSI (r=0.753, p<0.01) during the monitoring period. Hence, this topographic method could be useful in clinical practice as an objective adjuvant tool in routine follow-up of scoliosis.

Moiré topography as a screening and diagnostic tool—A systematic review

“…The total sample size of the eight included studies consisted of 1 141 645 participants, with the age range of 7–21 years. The systematic review showed studies using MT among healthy children [ 25 – 27 , 30 , 31 ] and with scoliosis [ 24 , 28 – 30 ]. In all research enrolled as well as girls and boys.…”

“…Three studies investigated both validity and reliability [ 26 , 29 , 30 ]. The repeatability of the MT examination was assessed based on the value of intraobserver and interobserver error [ 26 ] and Interclass Correlation Index [ 28 , 30 ].…”

“…The reference markers most commonly used were: the spinous processes from C7 to S1 [ 24 , 26 , 28 – 30 ], lower angles of the scapulas [ 24 ], corners of the shoulders—right and left [ 28 – 30 ], axillary folds—right and left [ 28 – 30 ], pelvic girdle—right and left [ 28 – 30 ], inter shoulder blade most prominent point of the spine (T5) [ 28 – 30 ], less prominent lumbar spine point (L3) [ 28 – 30 ], the start point of the gluteal fold [ 28 – 30 ], most prominent points of the shoulder blades—right and left [ 28 – 30 ], least prominent points on lumbar pit—right and left [ 28 – 30 ], and posterior superior iliac spines (PSIS) [ 24 , 26 ], as suggested by the Society on Scoliosis Orthopedic and Rehabilitation Treatment (SOSORT) [ 32 ]. Three studies did not use markers.…”

Decreased Vertical Trunk Inclination Angle and Pelvic Inclination as the Result of Mid-High-Heeled Footwear on Static Posture Parameters in Asymptomatic Young Adult Women

“…The exclusion criterion was based on the SHS parameter. Although this parameter is well established in Surface Topography (ST) measurements [26,27,60,65,66,67,68], literature does not provide specific cut-off values for faulty posture. Thus, subjects with outlier values of the SHS distribution in any of the measurements were suspected of having a faulty posture and were excluded from the study.…”

“…Weitkunat et al [8] used two standing lateral radiographs of the whole body taken using a biplanar low-dose radiographic imaging system (EOS Imaging, Paris, France). Comparing radiological methods and surface topography is a big challenge due to the differences in the imaged structures [25,26,27]. The unified interpretation of the results for various methods remains difficult.…”