Quantification of the Fat Fraction in the Liver Using Dual-Energy Computed Tomography and Multimaterial Decomposition

Hur, Bo Yun; Lee, Jeong Min; Hyunsik, Woo; Lee, Kyuho; Joo, Ijin; Han, Joon Koo; Choi, Byung Ihn

doi:10.1097/rct.0000000000000142

Cited by 43 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…The results of the effective atomic numbers and the electron density values turned out to be quantitatively reliable Tables 3 and 4. The electron density ρ e is linearly displayed in an interval of [300, 400] in e/nm 3 and the effective atomic number Z eff in an interval of [5,9]. The tube voltage was 40 kVp.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In conventional computed tomography (CT), the attenuation data or its alternative representation in Hounsfield units are energy-dependent and therefore of limited comparability. Dual energy computed tomography (DECT) related techniques including K-edge or spectral imaging are already used for improved diagnostic imaging of renal stones, gout, fat content quantification in the liver [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] or for body tissue characterization in radiation and particle therapy [11]. A decomposition of DECT data into two components based on Compton and photoelectric effect allows calculating the electron density and the effective atomic number, which are both physical quantities independent of the experimental conditions and are not energy dependent like the attenuation coefficient in standard computed tomography [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Accurate effective atomic number determination with polychromatic grating-based phase-contrast computed tomography

et al. 2018

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The demand for quantitative medical imaging is increasing in the ongoing digitalization. Conventional computed tomography (CT) is energy-dependent and therefore of limited comparability. In contrast, dual-energy CT (DECT) allows for the determination of absolute image contrast quantities, namely the electron density and the effective atomic number, and is already established in clinical radiology and radiation therapy. Grating-based phase-contrast computed tomography (GBPC-CT) is an experimental X-ray technique that also allows for the measurement of the electron density and the effective atomic number. However, the determination of both quantities is challenging when dealing with polychromatic GBPC-CT setups. In this paper, we present how to calculate the effective atomic numbers with a polychromatic, laboratory GBPC-CT setup operating between 35 and 50\,kVp. First, we investigated the accuracy of the measurement of the attenuation coefficients and electron densities. For this, we performed a calibration using the concept of effective energy. With the reliable experimental quantitative values, we were able to evaluate the effective atomic numbers of the investigated materials using a method previously shown with monochromatic X-ray radiation. In detail, we first calculated the ratio of the electron density and attenuation coefficient, which were experimentally determined with our polychromatic GBPC-CT setup. Second, we compared this ratio with tabulated total attenuation cross sections from literature values to determine the effective atomic numbers. Thus, we were able to calculate two physical absolute quantities -- the electron density and effective atomic number -- that are in general independent of the specific experimental conditions like the X-ray beam spectrum or the setup design.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accurate effective atomic number determination with polychromatic grating-based phase-contrast computed tomography

et al. 2018

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“…Von den 14 Studien zur Fettquantifizierung in der Leber wurde die Fettquantifizierung in der DECT in 9 Studien gegenüber der Histologie verglichen [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30], in 5 gegenüber der MRT-Chemical-Shift-Relaxometrie [5,24,25,27,28], in 4 gegenüber der MRS [5,25,28,29] und in 9 gegenüber der SECT [5,22,24,27,28,[31][32][33][34] (▶ Tab. 1).…”

Section: Ergebnisse: Fettquantifizierung In Der Leberunclassified

“…In den Studien, in denen die DECT gegenüber der Histologie verglichen wurde, wurden die DECT-Daten in den ältesten 1998 und 2003 erschienenen Studien sequenziell generiert [22,23]. Danach erfolgte die DECT-Datenerhebung über die Fast-kVP-Switching-DECT [24,25,27,29,30] sowie ab 2014 partiell auch mit der Dual-Source-DECT [26,28]. Lediglich 2 Studien untersuchten Patienten (v. a. Steatosis im Ultraschall) [22,29], die restlichen Messungen fanden in Ratten oder Kaninchen statt.…”

Section: Stellenwert Der Dect Gegenüber Der Histologieunclassified

Dual-Energy Computed Tomography for Fat Quantification in the Liver and Bone Marrow: A Literature Review

Molwitz

Leiderer

Özden

et al. 2020

Rofo

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Background With dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) it is possible to quantify certain elements and tissues by their specific attenuation, which is dependent on the X-ray spectrum. This systematic review provides an overview of the suitability of DECT for fat quantification in clinical diagnostics compared to established methods, such as histology, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and single-energy computed tomography (SECT). Method Following a systematic literature search, studies which validated DECT fat quantification by other modalities were included. The methodological heterogeneity of all included studies was processed. The study results are presented and discussed according to the target organ and specifically for each modality of comparison. Results Heterogeneity of the study methodology was high. The DECT data was generated by sequential CT scans, fast-kVp-switching DECT, or dual-source DECT. All included studies focused on the suitability of DECT for the diagnosis of hepatic steatosis and for the determination of the bone marrow fat percentage and the influence of bone marrow fat on the measurement of bone mineral density. Fat quantification in the liver and bone marrow by DECT showed valid results compared to histology, MRI chemical shift relaxometry, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and SECT. For determination of hepatic steatosis in contrast-enhanced CT images, DECT was clearly superior to SECT. The measurement of bone marrow fat percentage via DECT enabled the bone mineral density quantification more reliably. Conclusion DECT is an overall valid method for fat quantification in the liver and bone marrow. In contrast to SECT, it is especially advantageous to diagnose hepatic steatosis in contrast-enhanced CT examinations. In the bone marrow DECT fat quantification allows more valid quantification of bone mineral density than conventional methods. Complementary studies concerning DECT fat quantification by split-filter DECT or dual-layer spectral CT and further studies on other organ systems should be conducted. Key points: Citation Format

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“…Some centers are performing a 5- to 10-min “abbreviated” liver MRI examinations with fat-quantification sequences only, at a reduced cost less than that of abdominal US. Other steatosis quantification techniques (e.g., ultrasound CAP and material-specific CT reconstruction) aimed at lower cost and easier access are in development; these techniques can now be validated against a noninvasive reference standard, PDFF, rather than invasive and semi-quantitative histology, making these validation studies safer, less expensive, and feasible [77, 78]. …”

Section: Multi-parametric Quantitative Mrimentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Imaging Biomarkers of NAFLD

2016

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Conventional imaging modalities, including ultrasonography (US), computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance (MR), play an important role in the diagnosis and management of patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) by allowing noninvasive diagnosis of hepatic steatosis. However, conventional imaging modalities are limited as biomarkers of NAFLD for various reasons. Multi-parametric quantitative MRI techniques overcome many of the shortcomings of conventional imaging and allow comprehensive and objective evaluation of NAFLD. MRI can provide unconfounded biomarkers of hepatic fat, iron, and fibrosis in a single examination—a virtual biopsy has become a clinical reality. In this article, we will review the utility and limitation of conventional US, CT, and MR imaging for the diagnosis NAFLD. Recent advances in imaging biomarkers of NAFLD are also discussed with an emphasis in multi-parametric quantitative MRI.

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Quantification of the Fat Fraction in the Liver Using Dual-Energy Computed Tomography and Multimaterial Decomposition

Abstract: Quantification of the HFF using postcontrast DECT with MMD was feasible and showed comparable sensitivity and specificity to the precontrast SECT for the detection of hepatic steatosis.

Cited by 43 publications

References 61 publications

Accurate effective atomic number determination with polychromatic grating-based phase-contrast computed tomography

Accurate effective atomic number determination with polychromatic grating-based phase-contrast computed tomography

Dual-Energy Computed Tomography for Fat Quantification in the Liver and Bone Marrow: A Literature Review

Quantitative Imaging Biomarkers of NAFLD

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