Quantification of the carbonaceous matter origin in submicron marine  aerosol particles by dual carbon isotope analysis

Čeburnis, Darius; Garbaras, Andrius; Szidat, Sönke; Rinaldi, Matteo; Fahrni, Simon; Perron, N.; Wacker, Lukas; Leinert, S.; Remeikis, Vidmantas; Facchini, Maria Cristina; Prévôt, Andrê S. H.; Jennings, S. G.; O’Dowd, Colin

doi:10.5194/acpd-11-2749-2011

Cited by 36 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…One reason might be the photochemical aging of carbonaceous species, which can cause significant enrichment of 13 C in aerosols during transport [ Aggarwal and Kawamura , ; Bosch et al, ; Kirillova et al, ]. In a recent study, Ceburnis et al [] made use of source specific δ 13 C values to explore the relative significance of anthropogenic versus natural (marine and biogenic) sources. However, our sampling sites (Hisar and Manora Peak) are significantly influenced by the transport process (such as aging).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual carbon isotope characterization of total organic carbon in wintertime carbonaceous aerosols from northern India

et al. 2016

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Large‐scale emissions of carbonaceous aerosols (CA) from South Asia impact both regional climate and air quality, yet their sources are not well constrained. Here we use source‐diagnostic stable and radiocarbon isotopes (δ13C and Δ14C) to characterize CA sources at a semiurban site (Hisar: 29.2°N, 75.2°E) in the NW Indo‐Gangetic Plain (IGP) and a remote high‐altitude location in the Himalayan foothills (Manora Peak: 29.4°N, 79.5°E, 1950 m above sea level) in northern India during winter. The Δ14C of total aerosol organic carbon (TOC) varied from −178‰ to −63‰ at Hisar and from −198‰ to −1‰ at Manora Peak. The absence of significant differences in the 14C‐based fraction biomass of TOC between Hisar (0.81 ± 0.03) and Manora Peak (0.82 ± 0.07) reveals that biomass burning/biogenic emissions (BBEs) are the dominant sources of CA at both sites. Combining this information with δ13C, other chemical tracers (K+/OC and SO42−/EC) and air mass back trajectory analyses indicate similar source regions in the IGP (e.g., Punjab and Haryana). These results highlight that CA from BBEs in the IGP are not only confined to the atmospheric boundary layer but also extend to higher elevations of the troposphere, where the synoptic‐scale circulations could substantially influence their abundances both to the Himalayas and over the downwind oceanic regions such as the Indian Ocean. Given the vast emissions of CA from postharvest crop residue combustion practices in the IGP during early Northeast Monsoon, this information is important for both improved process and model understanding of climate and health effects, as well as in guiding policy decision aiming at reducing emissions.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual carbon isotope characterization of total organic carbon in wintertime carbonaceous aerosols from northern India

et al. 2016

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“…[], showing the omnipresence of LV‐OOC even in nonprocessed air masses and the association of OOA with aged OA in previous studies [ Jimenez et al ., ]. Marine emissions might be suspected as a potential source of the background nonfossil OC, considering the proximity of our site to the Pacific and the observation of contributions from these emissions to biogenic OC in urban and marine environments [ Crippa et al ., ; Ceburnis et al ., ]. However, no important contribution of marine sources to PM 1 OC was found during the CalNex 2010 campaign [ Hayes et al ., ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diurnal cycle of fossil and nonfossil carbon using radiocarbon analyses during CalNex

et al. 2014

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Radiocarbon ( 14 C) analysis is a unique tool to distinguish fossil/nonfossil sources of carbonaceous aerosols. We present 14 C measurements of organic carbon (OC) and total carbon (TC) on highly time resolved filters (3-4 h, typically 12 h or longer have been reported) from 7 days collected during California Research at the Nexus of Air Quality and Climate Change (CalNex) 2010 in Pasadena. Average nonfossil contributions of 58% ± 15% and 51% ± 15% were found for OC and TC, respectively. Results indicate that nonfossil carbon is a major constituent of the background aerosol, evidenced by its nearly constant concentration (2-3 μgC m À3). Cooking is estimated to contribute at least 25% to nonfossil OC, underlining the importance of urban nonfossil OC sources. In contrast, fossil OC concentrations have prominent and consistent diurnal profiles, with significant afternoon enhancements (~3 μgC m À3 ), following the arrival of the western Los Angeles (LA) basin plume with the sea breeze. A corresponding increase in semivolatile oxygenated OC and organic vehicular emission markers and their photochemical reaction products occurs. This suggests that the increasing OC is mostly from fresh anthropogenic secondary OC (SOC) from mainly fossil precursors formed in the western LA basin plume. We note that in several European cities where the diesel passenger car fraction is higher, SOC is 20% less fossil, despite 2-3 times higher elemental carbon concentrations, suggesting that SOC formation from gasoline emissions most likely dominates over diesel in the LA basin. This would have significant implications for our understanding of the on-road vehicle contribution to ambient aerosols and merits further study.

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“…The concentration footprint of aerosols measured at MHD is of the order of 100 km or more, and consequently, the aerosol characteristics measured at MHD are representative of open ocean aerosol once the stringent clean air criteria of black carbon mass concentrations ≤ 20 ng m −3 and total particle number concentration < 700 cm −3 for particle sizes with D > 14 nm, within the clean sector, are met. Isotope analysis has demonstrated that 80% of organic carbon aerosol mass under such clean air criteria arriving at MHD is marine biogenic in origin [ Ceburnis et al ., ].…”

Section: Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bistable effect of organic enrichment on sea spray radiative properties

Vaishya

Ovadnevaitė

Białek

et al. 2013

Geophysical Research Letters

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[1] Primary-produced sea spray aerosol, typically comprising sea-salt, but also enriched with organic matter (OM) in biologically active oceanic regions, impacts the global radiative budget through contributions to aerosol optical depth. We show that sea spray light-scattering enhancement, f(RH), as a function of relative humidity (RH) is suppressed when enriched with OM. A new hygroscopic growth factor parameterization reveals a dual hygroscopicity state, flipping from high hygroscopicity and high f(RH) to low hygroscopicity and low f(RH) as the OM mixing volume percentage exceeds~55% in sea spray. Under elevated wind speeds, this affects the Top-of-atmosphere direct radiative forcing (ΔF) by reducing the cooling contribution of sea spray by~5.5 times compared to pure sea-salt spray. These results suggest a positive feedback coupling between the marine biosphere, sea spray aerosol, and the direct radiative budget.

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Quantification of the carbonaceous matter origin in submicron marine aerosol particles by dual carbon isotope analysis

Cited by 36 publications

References 41 publications

Dual carbon isotope characterization of total organic carbon in wintertime carbonaceous aerosols from northern India

Dual carbon isotope characterization of total organic carbon in wintertime carbonaceous aerosols from northern India

Diurnal cycle of fossil and nonfossil carbon using radiocarbon analyses during CalNex

Bistable effect of organic enrichment on sea spray radiative properties

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