Abstract:Luminescence dating is one of the most promising techniques available for studying bioturbation on pedological timescales. In this study, we use multi-grain and single-grain quartz OSL to quantify termite bioturbation processes (Macrotermes natalensis) in a savannah ecosystem in Ghana. Termites transport soil from depth to the surface to construct termitaria. Over time, erosion levels these mounds and returns the sediment to the soil surface. These two processes of construction and erosion together represent a… Show more
“…A numerical model of this process matched field observations. Kristensen et al () used a similarly novel approach to quantify the soil mixing as a “soil conveyor” driven by termite mount construction in Ghana. Gliganic et al () used a slightly different method by observing the proportion of light‐exposed grains versus depth and by calculating a downward mixing rate based on soil replacement time, an approach like those used in soil science (Richards, ; Wilkinson et al, ).…”
Section: Previous Research On Luminescence As a Sediment Tracermentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The third is to apply a probabilistic model of rarefied sand grains and use the change in single grain luminescence ages versus depth to infer timescales of particle motion and soil Peclet numbers (Furbish, Roering, Almond, et al, , Furbish, Roering, Keen‐Zebert, et al, , 2018c). An additional method is to perform a regression of age versus depth to obtain an accumulation rate to track the movement of sediment (e.g., Bruening‐Madsen et al, ; Kristensen et al, ). The choice of method is dependent on the question at hand.…”
Section: Previous Research On Luminescence As a Sediment Tracermentioning
Luminescence holds unique potential as a sediment tracer and provenance method. The tracer application of luminescence has key advantages including ease of measurement, relatively low cost, and applicability to geologically ubiquitous quartz and feldspar sand and silt. These advantages can help answer fundamental questions about geomorphology, sediment transport, sediment production, and the tectonic/climatic controls on source‐to‐sink sedimentary systems. There is a notable body of research on luminescence as a sediment tracer. These tracer methods range from identifying source locations based on unique luminescence characteristics, to observing changes in luminescence characteristics with transport, to using residual luminescence to infer rates of transport. Previous applications of luminescence include provenance and quantification of fluvial transport rate, tracing of coastal longshore drift, estimations of mixing rates in soil or sediment, and provenance of wind‐blown deposits. The few studies that compare luminescence methods with nonluminescence tracer methods show good agreement. However, more work is needed to test the application of luminescence tracers in sediments. Future research directions should focus on comparing luminescence‐based with nonluminescence tracer methods. Furthermore, research is needed on the effects of specific geomorphic processes on luminescence characteristics and residual doses. While there is significant potential for future research, luminescence is already a useful sediment tracer and provenance tool applicable to a wide range of geomorphic environments.
“…A numerical model of this process matched field observations. Kristensen et al () used a similarly novel approach to quantify the soil mixing as a “soil conveyor” driven by termite mount construction in Ghana. Gliganic et al () used a slightly different method by observing the proportion of light‐exposed grains versus depth and by calculating a downward mixing rate based on soil replacement time, an approach like those used in soil science (Richards, ; Wilkinson et al, ).…”
Section: Previous Research On Luminescence As a Sediment Tracermentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The third is to apply a probabilistic model of rarefied sand grains and use the change in single grain luminescence ages versus depth to infer timescales of particle motion and soil Peclet numbers (Furbish, Roering, Almond, et al, , Furbish, Roering, Keen‐Zebert, et al, , 2018c). An additional method is to perform a regression of age versus depth to obtain an accumulation rate to track the movement of sediment (e.g., Bruening‐Madsen et al, ; Kristensen et al, ). The choice of method is dependent on the question at hand.…”
Section: Previous Research On Luminescence As a Sediment Tracermentioning
Luminescence holds unique potential as a sediment tracer and provenance method. The tracer application of luminescence has key advantages including ease of measurement, relatively low cost, and applicability to geologically ubiquitous quartz and feldspar sand and silt. These advantages can help answer fundamental questions about geomorphology, sediment transport, sediment production, and the tectonic/climatic controls on source‐to‐sink sedimentary systems. There is a notable body of research on luminescence as a sediment tracer. These tracer methods range from identifying source locations based on unique luminescence characteristics, to observing changes in luminescence characteristics with transport, to using residual luminescence to infer rates of transport. Previous applications of luminescence include provenance and quantification of fluvial transport rate, tracing of coastal longshore drift, estimations of mixing rates in soil or sediment, and provenance of wind‐blown deposits. The few studies that compare luminescence methods with nonluminescence tracer methods show good agreement. However, more work is needed to test the application of luminescence tracers in sediments. Future research directions should focus on comparing luminescence‐based with nonluminescence tracer methods. Furthermore, research is needed on the effects of specific geomorphic processes on luminescence characteristics and residual doses. While there is significant potential for future research, luminescence is already a useful sediment tracer and provenance tool applicable to a wide range of geomorphic environments.
“…Thomsen et al, 2003), some authors argue for strict rejection criteria (e.g., Yoshida et al, 2000;Jacobs et al, 2006, and references therein) based essentially on the response of grains to a number of quality-insurance tests of the SAR protocol, such as recycling, recuperation and IR depletion ratios (Murray and Wintle, 2000;2003;Wintle and Murray, 2006;Duller, 2003). Others have reported that the main effect of such rejection criteria is to reduce the number of selected grains with negligible effects on the estimated D e and overdispersion (OD) parameters, which might thus lead to a loss of robustness in the final results (e.g., Thomsen et al, 2012;Guérin et al, 2015a;Geach et al, 2015;Hansen et al, 2015;Kristensen et al, 2015;Zhao et al, 2015;Thomsen et al, 2016).…”
Located in southwest France, Roc de Marsal is a cave with a rich Mousterian stratigraphic sequence. The lower part of the sequence (Layers 9-5) are characterized by assemblages dominated by Levallois lithic technology associated with composite faunal spectra (including red deer, roe deer and reindeer) that shows a gradual increase in the frequency of reindeer. The top of the sequence (Layers 4-2) are characterised instead by Quina lithic technology (both in terms of technology and typology) with the faunal remains dominated by reindeer. Roc de Marsal thus provides a very interesting case study to place behavioural changes in a context of changing climates and environments in western Europe during the late Pleistocene. To link the occupations at Roc de Marsal with global and regional climatic conditions known independently, a robust chronology is needed. With this aim in mind, we applied three luminescence dating methods (TL, OSL and IRSL) on different minerals (flint, quartz and K-feldspar extracts). Here the results of two of these methods are presented in detail (TL and OSL) and compared with preliminary IRSL data. At Roc de Marsal, a comparison of methods was necessary to overcome a complex sedimentary history, with very heterogeneous dose rate distributions, both at the beta (mm) and gamma (dm) dose rate scales. The results indicate that the lower Levallois layers are dated to ~65-70 ka, while overlying Quina layers are dated to ~49 ka. These ages for the lower layers fit well with some models that place mixed faunal assemblages in the initial MIS 4; however, while the Quina ages overlap with several other Quina assemblages from the region, they place the reindeer dominated fauna well after the peak cold of MIS 4 and suggest a more extended and complex period of contemporaneous lithic techno-complexes than posited by some current models.
AbstractLocated in southwest France, Roc de Marsal is a cave with a rich Mousterian stratigraphic sequence. The lower part of the sequence (Layers 9-5) are characterized by assemblages dominated by Levallois lithic technology associated with composite faunal spectra (including red deer, roe deer and reindeer) that shows a gradual increase in the frequency of reindeer. The top of the sequence (Layers 4-2) are characterised instead by Quina lithic technology (both in terms of technology and typology) with the faunal remains dominated by reindeer. Roc de Marsal thus provides a very interesting case study to place behavioural changes in a context of changing climates and environments in western Europe during the late Pleistocene. To link the occupations at Roc de Marsal with global and regional climatic conditions known independently, a robust chronology is needed. With this aim in mind, we applied three luminescence dating methods (TL, OSL and IRSL) on different minerals (flint, quartz and K-feldspar extracts). Here the results of two of these methods are presented in detail (TL and OSL) and compared with preliminary IRSL data. At Roc de Marsal, a comparison of metho...
“…To be specific, different studies have reported a clear feedback between chemical weathering and physical erosion rates (Riebe et al, 2003;Larsen et al, 2014). Heimsath et al (2002) have shown that single-grain optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating offers an efficient solution for quantifying pedogenic processes such as soil mixing, erosion or deposition rates at a centennial to millennial resolution, and the approach was adopted in a number of studies in different environments (Stockmann et al, 2013;Johnson et al, 2014;Kristensen et al, 2015;Gliganic et al, 2016). Thus, there is an urgent need in soil geomorphology for complementary reconstruction methods to: (i) quantify soil fluxes related to bioturbation, (ii) elucidate soil process rates at a higher temporal resolution than is currently possible with TCN and (iii) study soil-landscape processes under non-steady-state conditions.…”
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